高考英語《名詞性從句》九大高考熱點(diǎn)分析.doc

《高考英語《名詞性從句》九大高考熱點(diǎn)分析.doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語《名詞性從句》九大高考熱點(diǎn)分析.doc（5頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

名詞性從句九大高考熱點(diǎn)分析名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。因?yàn)樗菑木洌虼司哂芯渥拥慕Y(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)（即有一套主謂成份）；同時(shí)又具有名詞性特點(diǎn)，所以可以在復(fù)合句中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語。名詞性從句是中學(xué)英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)，也是高考的主要考點(diǎn)之一。我們必須弄懂和掌握以下熱點(diǎn)問題。一、連接詞what與that的用法區(qū)別。引導(dǎo)主、賓、表語從句時(shí)，what要充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在語法上起連接的作用。例如_ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what解析：本句包含一個(gè)主語從句和一個(gè)賓語從句，且兩個(gè)從句都缺乏賓語，可見兩個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞都必須充當(dāng)成分，所以答案是A。又如：_ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where解析：該題答案是A，what在主語從句中作主語，即作謂語動(dòng)詞caused的執(zhí)行者。在下面的例句中，that不充當(dāng)任何成份，只起語法連接作用（因?yàn)榫渥颖旧聿蝗背煞郑?That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.二、 連接詞whether和if的用法區(qū)別。通常，引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句和引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，要用連詞whether，不用if；習(xí)慣上也只能說whether or not，而不說if or not。例如：_ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That解析：試題中的從句位于句首，不難知道這是一個(gè)主語從句，所以答案是C。但是在賓語從句中表達(dá)“是否”既可用if也可用whether。三、 名詞性從句的語序。與別的從句一樣，名詞性從句必須用陳述語序。例如:No one can be sure _ in a million years.A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like what D. what look will man like解析：由于從句不能倒裝，所以答案只能是A。又如：You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited 解析：答案是B。同時(shí)還須注意，從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于句首，而且how和被修飾的詞excited不能分裂開。四、 形式主語、形式賓語。當(dāng)主語從句較長，而謂語較短時(shí)，常常將從句后置，而用it作為形式主語，置于句首。動(dòng)詞后接復(fù)合賓語，也可用it作形式賓語。例如:_ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It解析：所需詞至于句首，同時(shí)后面有that-從句（邏輯主語），可見這里應(yīng)該用形式主語it,所以答案是D。think, find, consider, believe, feel等動(dòng)詞后常帶復(fù)合賓語。例如：Many people think it possible that a trade war between EU and the States will happen.五、 Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法區(qū)別。一般說來，what/who等含特指意義，而whatever/whoever等含泛指意義，意為“無論什么/無論誰”。例如：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever解析：答案是B，whatever引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語從句，并且作wants的賓語。這里的whatever不能改成what，因?yàn)轭}意想表達(dá)的顯然是“無論孩子要什么就給他/她什么事不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同時(shí)要注意，這里whatever也不能改用no matter what，因?yàn)楹笳咧荒芤龑?dǎo)狀語從句。又如：_ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever解析：答案是D，whoever意為“無論誰”，表泛指。比較下例：I cant remember at the moment who has said the words. （這里的who表特定的某人）六、 Where, when, why等連接副詞引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。Where, when, why等連接副詞也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，使用的關(guān)鍵是：這個(gè)詞必須符合句子的邏輯意義要求。例如： I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. that D. where 解析：答案是A，why引導(dǎo)的從句作表語，同時(shí)why在從句中作原因狀語。這里之所以選why，而不是when或 where等，唯一的依據(jù)便是句子的邏輯含義，及語境。又如（MET94）；Do you remember _ he came?Yes, I do, he came by car.A. How B. when C. that D. if解析：答案是A，從答語 “he came by car”可知這里問的是“he”來的方式，所以用how引導(dǎo)。七“介詞+who(m)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句”與“介詞+ whom”引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。介詞后面的引導(dǎo)詞用主格還是賓格，決定于它在賓語從句中作主語還是賓語。例如：It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever解析：答案是A。這是一個(gè)含賓語從句的復(fù)合句，作介詞of賓語的，是后面的整個(gè)句子，而不是賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞，由于這里引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語，所以要用主格who（作賓語時(shí)自然要用whom）。比較下例：Our country has thousands of excellent scientists, most of whom have received higher education at home.這是一個(gè)“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句；引導(dǎo)定語從句的是“most of+關(guān)系代詞”而不只是這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞，同時(shí)這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞又作介詞of的賓語，所以要用賓格whom。（注意與介詞后面的賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的用法進(jìn)行比較和區(qū)別。）八、連接詞that的省略。引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that通?？梢允÷?，但引導(dǎo)主語、表語和同位語從句時(shí)，that不能省。例如：Chinas success in manned-spacecraft travel shows _ our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. A. what B. which C. 不填 D. it that解析：該句中的從句作shows的賓語，是賓語從句，又因?yàn)閺木渲胁蝗敝?、賓語，所以只能用that引導(dǎo)；又因引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)that可以省略，所以答案是C。九、同位語從句引導(dǎo)詞where, when的用法特點(diǎn)。說明先行詞內(nèi)容的同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞where, when與被說明的名詞在概念上不一致。但引導(dǎo)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞卻必須保持一致。是比較：Then arose the question _ we were to get so much money.This the house _ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.A. where B. that C. about which D. in which解析：答案分別是(1) A (2) A/D。先行詞與where, when概念一致時(shí)，是定語從句，（2）中的house與where同表地點(diǎn)，且這個(gè)關(guān)系副詞where或when可以用“介詞+which”的形式代替，所以答案A 和D都可以引導(dǎo)。（1）題中的question與where不表同一概念，可見是同位語從句，所以where不能改用“介詞+which”的形式。2004-07年高考題1.(07全國17)matters most in learning English is enough practice.A.WhatB.WhyC.WhereD.Which答案 A解析 本題考查主語從句，且從句中缺少主語，所以A項(xiàng)正確。2.(07天津15)The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer.Warm sunshine andsoft sands makeit is.A.whatB.whichC.howD.where答案 A解析 句意為：每年夏天這兒的海邊都吸引大量的游客。溫暖的陽光和柔軟的沙灘使海邊成了現(xiàn)在的樣子。what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且what在從句中作表語，意為“的（東西）”。3.(07安徽33)You can only be sure ofyou have at present; you cannot be sure of somethingyou might get in the future.A.that;whatB.what;/C.which;thatD./;that答案 B解析 what引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作賓語；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作賓語，可以省略。4.(07湖南28)Having checked the doors were closed，andall the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where答案 B解析 句意為：確保門關(guān)上了，且所有的燈都關(guān)上了之后，那個(gè)男孩打開門進(jìn)了他的臥室。checked后跟了兩個(gè)賓語從句，第一個(gè)從句的引導(dǎo)詞that省略了。5.(07陜西8)parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As答案 C解析 本題考查名詞性從句的選用。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處主語從句缺少動(dòng)詞say and do的賓語，故用what。6.(07浙江5)Why not try your luck downtown，Bob? Thatsthe best jobs are.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.why答案 A解析 本題考查名詞性從句。句意為：為什么不到市中心商業(yè)區(qū)去碰碰運(yùn)氣呢，鮑勃？那是最好的工作所在的地方。where“的地方”，在此引導(dǎo)表語從句。7.(07福建35)It is none of your businessother people think about you.Believe yourself.A.howB.whatC.whichD.when答案 B解析 本題考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，it作形式主語，而真正的主語應(yīng)為后面的從句，且從句中缺少動(dòng)詞think的賓語，故用what引導(dǎo)。8.(07江蘇25)Choosing the right dictionary depends onyou want to use it for.A.whatB.whyC.howD.whether答案 A解析 what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作介詞on的賓語， what在從句中又充當(dāng)介詞for的賓語，其他選項(xiàng)為副詞或連詞，無此作用。9.(07山東22)Could I speak tois in charge of International Sales，please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.no matter who答案 C解析 whoever在句中引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，作介詞to的賓語，whoever在從句中作主語；no matter who只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。10.(07山東24)worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.A.ThisB.ThatC.WhatD.It答案 D解析 it在句中代指所發(fā)生的事情，the way在句中作方式狀語，同時(shí)又作了先行詞，其后為定語從句，省略了引導(dǎo)詞that或in which。11.(06北京29) Could you do me a favor? It depends onit is.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever答案 C解析 疑問詞+ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句或名詞性從句，但句意為：要看幫什么忙了。所以whatever不合適。12.(06天津4)What we used to thinkimpossible now does seem possible.A.isB.wasC.has beenD.will be答案 B解析 由句意“我們以前認(rèn)為不可能的事現(xiàn)在看起來的確是可能的”和謂語動(dòng)詞used to think可知空格處的謂語部分應(yīng)該表達(dá)過去意義。13.(06山東27)team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.A.No matter whatB.No matter whichC.WhateverD.Whichever答案 D解析 由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知此空白處應(yīng)選擇連詞引導(dǎo)主語從句，且在主語從句中作team的定語使用，選項(xiàng)中只有whichever和whichever可同時(shí)具備這兩種功能，且從數(shù)個(gè)已知的隊(duì)中選擇一個(gè)，故選whichever。14. (06安徽29)A warm thought suddenly came to meI might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mothers birthday.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which答案 C解析 that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋a warm thought的具體內(nèi)容。that只起連接作用，但不能省略。15. (06四川30)Its thirty years since we last met.But I still remember the story，believe it or not，we got lost on a rainy night.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when答案 B解析 that引導(dǎo)同位語從句。which引導(dǎo)定語從句在從句中要作成分；when引導(dǎo)定語從句缺少表時(shí)間的先行詞。16.(06全國23)See the flags on top of the building? That waswe did this morning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what答案 D解析 本題考查了表語從句的用法。由句中句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處缺一表語從句引導(dǎo)詞，而且要在句中作did的賓語，故只有what符合要求。17.(06全國16)What did your parents think about your decision?They always let me doI think I should.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what答案 D解析 what可以在賓語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。在本題中作動(dòng)詞do的賓語。18.(06遼寧30)makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever答案 A解析 what引導(dǎo)主語從句，并作從句的主語，what=the thing that。19.(05全國23)Mary wrote an article onthe team had failed to win the game.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that答案 A解析 介詞on后是一個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可判知該句為賓語從句，因從句中不缺少主語、賓語，所以what、who不對；that引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，不在從句中作任何成分，也不表達(dá)任何意義，所以不合題意；why在此引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并且在從句中作原因狀語。句意為：瑪麗寫了一篇關(guān)于該隊(duì)為什么沒有贏得比賽的文章。20.(05天津2)Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and it is rough or smooth.A./B.whetherC.how D.what答案 B解析 從語法上分析，and后面的部分也應(yīng)是tell的賓語，所以要填一個(gè)賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞。what在從句中無成分可作，所以不合適；how則意義不對；而whether正合句意。21.(05遼寧29)Do you have any ideais actually going on in the classroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.which答案 B解析 在這里，所填詞引導(dǎo)的從句是對前面名詞idea內(nèi)容的解釋，所以應(yīng)是同位語從句。同位語從句中缺主語，根據(jù)題意，答案應(yīng)為what。22.(05浙江15)Danby left word with my secretaryhe would call again in the afternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which答案 B解析 that引導(dǎo)的從句作word“口信”的同位語，別的引導(dǎo)詞不合適。23.(05福建26)Mum is coming.What presentfor your birthday?A.you expect she has gotB.you expect has she gotC.do you expect she has got D.do you expect has she got答案 C解析 本題考查雙重疑問句，因此插入語為一般疑問句形式；do you except，故排除A、B兩項(xiàng)；另外在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，expect引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序。所以選C項(xiàng)。24.(05湖南35)I was surprised by her words，which made me recognizesilly mistakes I had made.A.whatB.thatC.howD.which答案 A解析 句意為：我對她的話很吃驚，它迫使我承認(rèn)我犯了多么愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。本題考查賓語從句連接詞的用法。從句表感嘆，中心詞為名詞，所以選what。25.(05重慶34)The old ladys hand shook frequently.She explained to her doctorthis shaking had begun half a year before，and，only because of this，she had been forced to give up her job.A.when;howB.how;when C.how;howD.why;why答案 C解析 本題考查的是動(dòng)詞explain后引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選用。第一空用how較易，但第二空很多考生填when，其實(shí)在前一分句中已有時(shí)間狀語，故此處用when明顯不對，仍然需用how引導(dǎo)，即“她是如何被迫放棄工作的”。26.(05山東26)The shopkeeper did not want to sell forhe thought was not enough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which答案 C解析 what引導(dǎo)從句作介詞for的賓語。what在從句中作主語，此處what可以分解為the money that。句意為：店主不想以在他看來不足夠高的價(jià)錢來賣東西。27.(05江西33)The way he did it was differentwe were used to.A.in whichB.in whatC.from whatD.from which答案 C解析 be different from.為固定搭配短語。what引導(dǎo)from的賓語從句并在句中作介詞to的賓語。28.(05安徽32)Great changes have taken place in that school.It is no longer it was 20 years ago， it was so poorly equipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that答案 A解析 第一個(gè)從句是表語從句并在從句中作表語，所以用what；后面是一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的定語從句，其先行詞是20 years ago。29.(04廣東25)Parents are taught to understandhowimportant education is totheir childrens future.A.thatB.howC.suchD.so答案 B解析 本題關(guān)鍵是對句子的理解和語序的安排。拋開從句不看的話，從句中的原句應(yīng)該是：Education is important to their childrens future。強(qiáng)調(diào)important，用how來修飾，再把它提前，所以應(yīng)該選how。30.(04全國31)You are saying that everyone should be equal，and this isI disagree.A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how答案 B解析 where引導(dǎo)表語從句，where指的是在某一點(diǎn)上，相當(dāng)于at the point。句意為：你說每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該平等，在這一點(diǎn)上，我不同意你的說法。disagree是不及物動(dòng)詞，所以不能用what。31.(04天津35)A modern city has been set up inwas a wasteland ten years ago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where答案 A解析 in后接賓語從句，賓語從句中缺少句子的主語，要用what作主語。32.(04北京31)We cant figure outquite a number of insects，birds，and animals are dying out.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when答案 C解析 本題考查引導(dǎo)賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞are dying out可排除as、when兩項(xiàng)。figure out有“理解，想出；計(jì)算”等意。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選why。33.(04湖南24)I think father would like to knowIve been up to so far，so I decide to send him a quick note.A.whichB.whyC.what D.how答案 C解析 此句關(guān)鍵在于弄清短語be up to該短語意思是：忙于，從事，其中to為介詞，所以需要一個(gè)代詞，根據(jù)句意，只能用what。34.(04上海春38)The other day，my brother drove his car down the street atI thought was a dangerous speed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that答案 C解析 at后接賓語從句，當(dāng)賓語從句中缺少主語、賓語或表語時(shí)，要用what引導(dǎo)。此句中what作賓語從句的主語。35.(04上海春41)Along with the letter was his promisehe would visit me this coming Christmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether答案 B解析 本題考查同位語從句。句意為:他在信中承諾：在即將到來的圣誕節(jié)來看望我。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以看出promise后的從句非常完整，不缺少任何句子成份；由題意可知該從句用以說明promise的內(nèi)容，所以可判斷出是一個(gè)同位語從句，因?yàn)槭窃陉愂鲆粋€(gè)事實(shí)，故引導(dǎo)詞要用that。