2019-2020年高考英語二輪復習 第二部分 語法 專題八 名詞性從句.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語二輪復習 第二部分 語法 專題八 名詞性從句考點1what引導的名詞性從句1A ship in harbor is safe，but thats not_ships are built for.(xx安徽，25)Awhat Bwhom Cwhy Dwhen2If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate _ is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.(xx浙江，6)Awhat Bwho Cthat Dwhoever3Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration for _ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.(xx陜西，19)Awhat Bthat Cwhy Dhow4What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame，mum.I am _ you have made me.(xx江蘇，26)Ahow Bwhat Cthat Dwho考點歸納what引導的名詞性從句是歷年高考的熱點，what在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語等。What can be done today cant be put off till tomorrow.今天能做的事不要推到明天去做(今日事今日畢)。puters can only give out what has been stored in them.計算機只能提供貯存在它里面的信息。This is what we have been doing these days.這就是我們近日來一直在做的事。考點2when，where，how，why引導的名詞性從句1We must find out _ Karl is ing，so we can book a room for him.(xx重慶，8)Awhen Bhow Cwhere Dwhy2_ we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.(xx北京，35)AWhere BHow CWhy DWhen3The exhibition tells us_we should do something to stop air pollution.(xx四川，8)Awhere Bwhy Cwhat Dwhich4_ Li Bai，a great Chinese poet，was born is known to the public，but some wont accept it.(xx江蘇，25)AThat BWhy CWhere DHow5You have to know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.(xx湖南，26)Awhat Bthat Cwhere Dwho6Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats _ I was born.”(xx四川，2)Awhen Bhow Cwhy Dwhere考點歸納連接副詞指的是既具有副詞的特點，同時又能引導從句的詞，主要有when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever等。這些詞在從句中既作特定的成分，又有具體的含義，不能省略。大多數(shù)連接副詞表示疑問意義。When we shall meet again is unknown.我們何時才能再相見還不知道呢。(when引導主語從句，表示疑問)I dont know how I can get out of such trouble.我真不知道如何才能擺脫這種困境。(how引導賓語從句，表示疑問)This is where the accident happened.這是事故發(fā)生的地方。(where引導表語從句，不表疑問)I have no idea why he left here.我不知道他為什么離開這里。(why引導同位語從句，表示疑問)考點3連詞whether和that引導的名詞性從句1I truly believe _ beauty es from within.(xx北京，33)Athat Bwhere Cwhat Dwhy2It remains to be seen _ the newly formed mittees policy can be put into practice.(xx陜西，20)Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether3The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(xx浙江，16)Ahow Bthat Cwhich Dwhether考點歸納that，whether既不是連接代詞也不是連接副詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，只起到連接從句的功能。that沒有實際意義，而whether意為“是否”。That you dont like him is none of my business.你不喜歡他不關我的事。(主語從句)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(xx重慶，22)老汽車站是否應該被一個現(xiàn)代化的賓館代替仍然在討論之中。(主語從句)I dont know whether or not he will e.我不知道他是否會來。(賓語從句)The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.事實就是我們應該依靠自己。(表語從句)We have some doubt whether they can plete the task on time.我們懷疑他們是否能按時完成任務。(同位語從句)考點4whever引導的名詞性從句1Some people believe _ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(xx北京，33)Awhatever BwheneverCwherever Dhowever2_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.(xx江西，30)AWhoever BWhateverCWhichever DWherever3We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(xx福建，35)Awho BwhomCwhoever Dwhomever考點歸納whichever，whatever，whoever引導名詞性從句，它們本身有詞義，既有連接從句的作用，又在從句中分別充當主語、賓語、定語成分。起強調作用，意思是“無論，不管”。The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱樂部將給得勝者獎勵。(賓語從句)I believe whatever he says.我相信他所說的一切。(賓語從句)Whoever wants to reach a distant goal must take many small steps.不論誰，要想達到一個遠大的目標，就必須采取許多細小的步驟。(主語從句)解題方法方法1位置判斷法根據(jù)名詞性從句的句子特點及其所處的位置，判斷出屬于哪一種從句，從而確定連接詞的種類，也有助于對句子的理解。What he said astonished us.他所說的話使我們很驚奇。(從句在主語位置，為主語從句)Everything depends on whether you have enough money.一切都看你是否有足夠多的錢。(從句在介詞后，作介詞的賓語，為賓語從句)The question is where well go this Sunday.問題是我們這周日去哪兒。(從句在is后，為表語從句)He expressed the hope that he would e to China again.他表達了再來中國的愿望。(從句在抽象名詞后，對名詞進行解釋說明，為同位語從句)(1)_ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.AWhether BWhat CThat DHow答案B解析句意為：一些人眼中的缺點是別人眼中的優(yōu)點。分析句子可知，_ some people regard as a drawback為主語從句，且從句中缺賓語，只能用what來引導；that引導主語從句不作成分。(2)One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.Athat BhowCwhat Dwhy答案A解析系動詞is之后是一個表語從句，而從句的結構完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用that引導。方法2語序判斷法一般來說，名詞性從句中(當然不只是名詞性從句，其他從句也是如此)，從句的語序要用陳述語序，這樣也就很容易作答了。When changing lanes，a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _.Ahe is entering which laneBwhich lane he is enteringCis he entering which laneDwhich lane is he entering答案B解析which引導的句子作know的賓語，句子用陳述語序。故B項為正確答案。方法3句子成分分析法看從句缺不缺成分，不缺就用that，whether或if；缺成分就用wh類連接詞(包括how，because等)。(1)We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.Athat BwhichCwhat Dwhere答案D解析句意為：我們還沒有討論把我們的新家具放在哪里。分析句子可知，此題考查賓語從句。賓語從句中缺少地點狀語，因此選擇D。(2)As a new graduate，he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here.Ahow BwhatCwhen Dwhich答案B解析句意為：作為一名新畢業(yè)生，他不知道需要什么才能在這里開始經營?？崭窈蟮馁e語從句中takes是動詞，其后缺少賓語，所以引導該賓語從句的連接詞要用what。1If I could interview him，I would ask him what made him an astronaut and how he was trained.(xx安徽)如果我能采訪他，我會問他，是什么讓他成為了宇航員以及他是如何訓練的。2I would also like to know how he felt in space and whether space travel is such great fun as I have read.(xx安徽)我還想問他在太空的感受以及太空旅行是否和我在書上讀到的那樣有趣。3If we are in the habit of raising doubts as to whether what we are told is true，we can find the correct answer and learn more.(xx湖北)如果我們養(yǎng)成質疑我們所接受的東西是否真實的習慣，我們就能發(fā)現(xiàn)正確的答案并且會學到很多東西。4The reasons are as follows：(xx湖南)理由如下：5I would appreciate it if I was offered with an opportunity to display my talent.(xx陜西)如果提供給我一個展示才能的機會我將非常感激。6I learned from your post that you want to improve your Mandarin.(xx四川)我從海報上得知你想提高你的普通話水平。7Thats why I am writing to you.(xx全國)那就是我給你寫信的原因。8Firstly，it is an obvious sign that what I have done is appreciated by the teacher especially in public.(xx湖南)首先，我的行為被老師當眾贊賞是一個明顯的跡象。提醒：完成作業(yè)強化練(八)強化練(八)強化練(八)名詞性從句(建議用時：12分鐘)1How do you find the new cell phone?Oh，quite good.A new function has been developed on this new type _ it can show you vividly what is around the person you are talking to.(xx泰州二模，29)Ahow Bwhich Cwhat Dthat2The single most shattering statistic about life in America in the late 1990s was _ tobacco killed more people than the bined total of those who died from AIDS，car accidents，alcohol，murder，suicide，illegal drugs and fire.(xx常州二模，27)Awhat Bwhen Cthat Dwhere3She is _ is known as a nosy personshe is always dying to know whats going on in others lives.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)二模，28)Awhat Bwho Cwhom Dthat4Having a good mand of the language of the country where you are going to study is necessary，because language skills affect _ you perform academically.(xx蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)一模，28)Ahow Bthat Cwhat Dwhen5Now all of our concentration is on _ it is that the global environment will return to normal.(xx南通、連云港二模，26)Awhich Bwhat Cwhere Dwhen6What is upsetting you，dear?_ it is necessary for us to move our home to the city.(xx南通第二次調研，25)AWhy BHowCThat DWhether7The question was frequently referred to at the conference _ it is a good idea to build nuclear power plants in developed cities.(xx蘇北四市一模，29)Awhy BwhereCthat Dwhether8What impresses you most about Mrs.Flowers garden，the flowers，the bushes or whatever?_ the garden is laid out.AWhere BHow CBecause DWhen9In the English language，sentence stress is like word stress and is _ gives English its rhythm.Awhen Bwhy Cthat Dwhat10A project has recently been launched by the charity organization _ people should donate books to remote mountainous schools.Athat Bwhat Cwhich Das11There is a strong possibility _ man will mainly depend on solar energy in the future.Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhen12What I really doubt is _ the western media，as they say，is really that objective and just.Awhich Bwhat Cwhether Dthat13It is still a plete mystery _ caused the accident.Awhat Bhow Cthat Dwhere14There is no possibility _ he will keep his word.He is always telling lies.Ahow Bwhether Cwhen Dthat15It has been announced that the award will be given to _ has made the largest donation to charity this year.Aanyone Bthe oneCwhomever Dwhoever16I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?Awhy BwhenCwhat Dwhere17Father made a promise _ I passed the exam，he would buy me a PS4.Aif Bthat ifCwhether Dthat18Dozens of people were waiting with a camera for _ seemed like hours，hoping to catch a glimpse of the US First Lady，Michelle Obama.Athat BwhenCwhich Dwhat19Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.Awhy BhowCwhether Dwhen20Firstclass players of football must have excellent ball control，but it is not just _ they do with their feet _ counts.Ahow；that Bthat；whatCwhat；that Dwhether；what學生用書答案精析專題八名詞性從句考點11A考查表語從句的引導詞。句意為：船停在港口里是很安全的，但這并非建造船的目的?？崭窈笠龑木渥鞅碚Z，表語從句中的for后缺少賓語，用what引導，故選A。why和when是連接副詞，不能作賓語；whom指人。2A考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：如果你在河里或湖里游泳的話，務必調查清楚水面之下有什么。水中經常隱藏著石頭或樹枝。分析句子結構可知，此處investigate后跟賓語從句，從句缺少主語，故用what引導。who與whoever都可以作主語，但是不符合句意；that在名詞性從句中僅僅起連接作用，不作句子成分。3A考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為：讀了多麗絲萊辛的傳記，我對她在文學上取得的成就欽佩不已。分析句子結構可知，介詞for后接的是賓語從句，從句中缺少achieve的賓語，故用what引導。4B考查表語從句的引導詞。句意為：這么亂！你總是這么懶！媽媽，要怪也不應當怪我啊。我這么懶也是你慣出來的。分析句子結構可知，I am后是表語從句，引導詞what在從句中作me的補足語，相當于the one/person that，即I am the one/person that you have made me?？键c21A考查賓語從句。句意為：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時候來，以便我們給他訂房間。由句意可知，要給Karl訂房間，那么就要清楚他來這里的時間，故選when。2B考查主語從句。句意為：我們怎樣理解事物與我們所感覺到的東西有很大關系。 分析句子結構可知“_ we understand things”為主語從句，結合句意可知選B。3B考查賓語從句。句意為：這個展覽告訴了我們?yōu)槭裁次覀円鲂┦虑閬碜柚箍諝馕廴?。賓語從句中缺少狀語，故選項C、D錯誤；where引導地點狀語從句，不符合題意，故選why，表示“的原因”。4C考查主語從句。句意為：李白，一個偉大的中國詩人，其出生地是眾所周知的，但也有一些人不接受它?！癢here Li Bai.was born”作該句子的主語，表示“李白出生的地方”。5C考查賓語從句。句意為：你如果要計劃到達那里的最好的方法，就得知道自己要往哪里去。分析句子結構可知，know后的_ youre going是賓語從句，從句中缺少地點狀語，故用where。6D考查表語從句。由題干中“the hospital”可知，此處指“我出生的地方”，故用where引導表語從句。句意為：奶奶指著那個醫(yī)院說：“那就是我出生的地方?！笨键c31A考查賓語從句。句意為：我真的相信美來自人的內心。分析句子結構可知，賓語從句意思完整只缺連接詞，故選A。2D考查主語從句。句意為：新成立的委員會提出的方針能否實行還有待觀察。It作形式主語，whether引導的從句是真正的主語。3B考查同位語從句的連接詞?？崭窈竺娴膹木浣忉屨f明belief的具體內容，是同位語從句，且從句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引導?？键c41A考查賓語從句。believe后是賓語從句且從句中缺少主語，四個選項中只有whatever可以作主語。2Cwhoever意為“無論是誰，任何人”，其后不能和one連用；whatever無論是什么；whichever無論哪一個；wherever無論哪兒。句意為：你們中無論是誰打破了窗戶都要負責賠償。根據(jù)句意可知，C項合適。3C句意為：無論是誰參加晚會，我們都許諾給他/她一個和電影明星拍照的機會。promise sb.sth.許諾某人某事，即promise后跟雙賓語，whoever attends the party為whoever引導的名詞性從句，充當promise的賓語，因為從句缺少主語，故不能選擇賓格形式的whom和whomever，而who表示特指，由句意可知此處表示泛指，故C項為正確答案。二輪專題強化練答案精析強化練(八)名詞性從句1D考查同位語從句。句意為：你覺得這款新手機怎么樣？哦，很好。在這款新手機上開發(fā)了一個新功能，能把正在跟你通話的人周邊的環(huán)境生動地展現(xiàn)給你。從句意思、結構完整，應用that引導同位語從句來補充說明a new function的具體內容。故選D項。2C考查名詞性從句。句意為：在20世紀90年代后期，在美國有一項關于生命的最令人震驚的統(tǒng)計是死于煙草的人數(shù)超過了死于艾滋病、車禍、酗酒、謀殺、自殺、非法毒品和火災的總人數(shù)。was后是表語從句，從句是一個完整的句子，因此直接用that來引導。故選C項。3A考查表語從句。句意為：她是為人們所知的那種愛管閑事的人她總是渴望知道其他人的生活中正在發(fā)生什么。_ is known as a nosy person為表語從句，從句中缺少主語，排除C項；that在名詞性從句中沒有意義，也沒有句法功能，只能起引導作用，排除D項；此處談論的是她的個性、性格，而不是指她是誰，排除B項。故選A項。4A考查賓語從句。句意為：精通你將去的那個國家的語言是必要的，因為語言技能會對你在學術上如何表現(xiàn)產生影響。affect后為賓語從句，從句缺少方式狀語。故選A項。5D句意為：現(xiàn)在我們的注意力都集中在地球環(huán)境何時回歸到正常狀態(tài)上?？蘸笫墙樵~on的賓語從句，賓語從句又用的是強調句型。強調句型特殊疑問句的結構為：特殊疑問詞is/wasitthat其他成分？此處用了陳述語序。該句中缺少時間狀語，故選D。6D考查主語從句。句意為：親愛的，什么事情讓你不開心??？我們是否有必要搬家去城市(讓我不開心)。根據(jù)問題What is upsetting you，dear？可知是對主語進行提問，也就是說回答的內容應作_ is upsetting me.的主語，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應用whether“是否”，其完整的回答應該是Whether it is necessary for us to move our home to the city is upsetting me.。故選D項。7D考查同位語從句。句意為：在發(fā)達城市建立核電站是不是個好主意這個問題在會議上經常被提到。本句包含一個同位語從句，補充說明question的具體內容，即在發(fā)達城市建立核電站是不是個好主意這個問題，由于該同位語從句較長，被放在了句子的后面。故選D項。8B考查名詞性從句。句意為：什么讓你對Flower太太的花園印象最深刻，是花、灌木還是其他諸如此類的東西？是花園布置的方式。lay out布置，給說話者留下最深刻印象的是花園布置的方式。故選B項。9D考查表語從句。句意為：在英語中，句子重音就像單詞重音一樣，給英語以韻律。根據(jù)句子結構可以發(fā)現(xiàn)is之后為表語從句，從句缺少主語，并且指代物，故選what。10A考查同位語從句。句意為：這個慈善機構最近發(fā)起了一項慈善項目，人們應該把書捐給偏遠山區(qū)學校。that引導同位語從句補充說明project的具體內容。11A考查名詞性從句。句意為：人類在將來主要依賴太陽能是非?？赡艿?。There is a strong possibility that.很可能，的可能性很大?？蘸笫莗ossibility的同位語，從句中不缺少成分且語意完整，應用that引導同位語從句。故選A項。12C考查表語從句。句意為：我確實懷疑西方媒體是否像他們說的那樣客觀公正。whether是否。13A考查名詞性從句。句意為：什么引起的事故仍然是一個不解之謎。這是一個主從復合句，it為形式主語，空后引導的為主語從句，且從句中缺主語，故選A。14D考查同位語從句。句意為：他會守信用是不可能的。他總是撒謊。that引導同位語從句作no possibility的同位語。15D考查名詞性從句。句意為：據(jù)宣布，該獎將會發(fā)給今年對慈善做出最大貢獻的人?？仗幰龑Ы樵~to的賓語從句又在從句中作主語。故選D。16A考查表語從句。句意為：上周我開車去珠海參加航空展了。那就是你請假的原因嗎？由句意可知A項符合題意。17B考查同位語從句。句意為：父親許諾如果我考試及格，他會給我買一個PS4。make a promise答應，許諾，題干中promise后跟同位語從句，用that引導，解釋說明promise的內容，同位語從句中包含了if引導的條件狀語從句，故選B。18D考查賓語從句。句意為：很多人拿著相機等待似乎數(shù)個小時，希望能看一眼美國第一夫人米歇爾奧巴馬?？崭裉幰龑У木渥幼鹘樵~for的賓語，從句中缺少主語，所以用what。19C考查主語從句。句意為：村里的每一個人都很友好，跟你在那兒住的時間長短沒關系。whether.or.“是或者”，符合句意。20C考查名詞性從句與強調句型。第一空引導主語從句，從句中缺賓語，故排除A、B、D；第二空應該填強調句的引導詞that。