2019-2020年高中英語 Unit24 Society單詞.典句.考點 北師大版選修6.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit24 Society單詞.典句.考點 北師大版選修61. voluntary adj. 自愿的巧記提示：volunt(自愿)+-ary(形容詞后綴)經典例句：The doctor was voluntary to settle down in the poor village.這個醫(yī)生志愿到這個窮村莊落戶?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:voluntarily adv. 自動地;volunteer n. 志愿者, adj. 志愿的, v. 自愿2)voluntary adj. 自愿的, 無償?shù)摹Ｈ?She is a voluntary worker at the hospital.她在這家醫(yī)院義務服務。He made a voluntary statement to the police.他自動向警方陳述。3)volunteer 常與to連用, 表示自愿去做, 主動請求去做。Meanwhile, a number of university students have volunteered to work for the Olympic Games.與此同時, 許多大學生自愿為奧運會服務?；顚W活用：單詞拼寫1)We all v_ to paint the house.2)She is v_ to teach English in the village school.答案:1)volunteered2)voluntary2. deposit vt. &vi. 存儲, 儲蓄經典例句：She deposited her money in the bank for her old age.她把錢存在銀行里預備防老。The little girl has deposited 100 English songs in her MP4.那個小女孩在她的MP4里存儲了100首英語歌曲?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:depositary n. 保管人, 儲藏所;deposition n. 沉積作用2)同義詞:store vt. 貯藏, 存儲3)deposit 還可意為“放置, 寄存”。如:You can deposit your bags at the counter while you are wandering around the city.當你在城區(qū)閑逛的時候, 可將包存放在柜臺處。4)deposit 作名詞時意為“保證金;押金”。You must pay a deposit if you want to reserve the room.你要預訂房間, 就得先付訂金?；顚W活用：漢譯英盡管銀行提息, 一些市民還是不把錢存在銀行里。_答案:Some citizens wont deposit the money in a bank though the interest in the bank has been raised.3. govern vt. 統(tǒng)治, 治理經典例句：Who really governs this country?誰真正統(tǒng)治著這個國家?The need for money governs his behavior.對金錢的需求支配著他的行為。考點聚焦：1)同根詞:governable adj. 可統(tǒng)治的;governance n. 統(tǒng)治, 管理;government n. 政府2)同義詞:control vt. 控制, 支配3)govern常接表示人或國家的名詞作賓語。如:They are trying best to govern their country better.他們努力地把國家治理得更好。4)govern 作“控制”講時, 常接temper等名詞作賓語。如:You should govern your temper.你應當控制你的脾氣。5)相關短語:a governing principle 指導原則govern a machine管理機器活學活用：單項填空The Chinese munist Party is _ the country well.A. summingB. adoptingC. claimingD. governing答案:D4. accumulate v. 積累經典例句：She is good at accumulating new phrases in her English studies.她在英語學習方面, 善于積累新詞組。考點聚焦：1)同根詞:accumulation n. 積累2)同義詞:pile積累;store up累積3)accumulate常接表示“物”的名詞作賓語。如:They set to work accumulating a huge mass of data.他們開始積累大量的資料。By buying ten books every month, he soon accumulated a good library.他每月買十本書, 不久便積累成一個豐富的藏書庫。4)相關短語:accumulate funds積累資金accumulate knowledge積累知識活學活用：單項填空Dust will quickly _if we dont sweep our room often.A. accumulatesB. accumulateC. to accumulateD. accumulating答案:B5. vacant adj. 未住人的, 空置的經典例句：When Professor Yu was making a speech, the hall was never vacant, even the dustmen listening there, as well.于教授在作報告時, 大廳里從來沒有空缺過, 甚至清潔工人也來聽?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:vacancy n. 空白, 空缺;vacantly adv. 空虛地;茫然若失地;vacate v. 騰出, 退位;vacation n. 假期, (房屋等的)騰出2)近義詞:empty adj. 空的, 空洞的3)vacant 作形容詞可引申為“職位空缺的”“空閑的, 清閑的”“心靈空虛的, 神情茫然的, 心不在焉的”。如:That position remains vacant because no one is fit for it.那個職位仍舊空著, 因為沒有人適合。That will leave plenty of hours vacant.那樣的話就有許多空閑時間了。When he was asked to answer the question, there was a vacant expression on his face.當被要求回答問題時, 他臉上一副茫然的表情。4)辨析vacant和empty：vacant 指位置無人占用。empty 指沒有人或物在其中。5)相關短語：a vacant room空房a vacant position空位a vacant expression茫然的表情a vacant life空閑的生活活學活用：單詞拼寫A v_ apartment in New York City is very difficult to find.答案:vacant6. diverse adj. 各式各樣的經典例句：John and his brother have diverse interests.約翰和他兄弟的興趣迥然不同。考點聚焦：1)同根詞:diversely adv. 不同地, 各式各樣地;diversify v. 使多樣化;diversity n. 差異, 多樣性2)同義詞:various adj. 不同的, 各種各樣的3)diverse 修飾人或物。如:There are diverse colors to choose from.有各種各樣的顏色可供選擇。There are diverse ways of getting to the station.從這兒去車站有各種不同走法。4)常見短語:diverse views各種觀點diverse shapes不同的形狀for diverse reasons因種種理由diverse members各個成員活學活用：單項填空1)Art museums are places where people can learn about_ cultures.A. delicateB. miniatureC. unnecessaryD. diverse2)The reasons for homelessness are _, but poverty is undoubted one of the main causes.A. freeB. diverseC. formerD. productive答案:1)D2)B7. resign vt. &vi. 辭職巧記提示：re-(前綴, “后退, 回應”)+sign (簽名)經典例句：The general resigned his mission because of his old age.將軍因為紀大了, 辭去了他的職務。The simplest thing is for him to resign at once for what he has done.因為自己的所作所為, 最簡單的做法就是他立即辭職?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:resignation n. 辭職, 辭職書;resigned adj. 順從的;resignedly adv. 服從地2)同義詞:retire vi. 退休, 引退3)resign 常與from連用。如:The young man couldnt stand his boss temper and resigned from his job.這位輕人忍受不了老板的脾氣, 因此辭職了。4)resign 作“聽從, 順從, 甘心于”講時, 常與to連用, not resign oneself to “不甘心”。如:We should never resign ourselves to being defeated. 我們將永遠不甘心于失敗。5)resign 作“把托交給, 委托”講時, 和介詞to/into連用, resign.to.“把托付給”。如:She resigned her children to the care of her sister.她把孩子交給她妹妹照管。6)相關短語:resign oneself to使聽從于resign oneself to extinction束手待斃resign ones position 辭去職務resign office辭職resign oneself to ones fate聽天由命活學活用：單項填空1)The mayor had_ from his position for his absence off the accident.A. to resignB. to carve C. to allocate D. to flee2)Having been teaching for 30 years, Mr. Zhang decided _on the following Teachers Day.A. retiredB. to retireC. retiringD. retire答案:1)A2)B8. elect vt. 選舉, 推選巧記提示：elect（選舉)select(挑選)經典例句：The government is made up of men and women elected by the people of the country.政府是由這個國家的人民選出的人員組成的。Mr. Zhang was elected as the sixth headmaster last month.張老師上個月被選為第六任校長?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:electee n. 當選者, 當選人;election n. 選舉, 當選；elective adj. 選任的, 有選舉權的2)同義詞:vote for 投票贊成3)elect vt. 選舉, 推選All the students elected Li Hua as their monitor for his ability.所有的學生因為李華的能力而推選他當班長。4)elect vt. 作出選擇, 決定He elected to bee a doctor.他決定當醫(yī)生。She elected to return to work after her baby was born.她決定孩子出生后再去作工作。5)辨析elect, choose, select, pick和prefer：elect選舉。choose系常用詞，指“一般的選擇”，側重“憑個人意志或判斷進行選擇”。select強調“在廣泛的范圍內精選、淘汰”，側重“以客觀為標準進行選擇”。pick強調“從個人角度在眾多中進行挑選”，有時含有“任意選擇”的意思。prefer指“偏愛、更喜歡”，有時“只表示自己的看法，不一定加以選擇”?；顚W活用：單項填空_to the House（議院)a person must be twenty-five years old and must have been a United States citizen for seven years.A. ElectedB. ElectingC. To be electedD. To elect答案:C9. fragrant adj. 有香味的經典例句：The air in the garden was warm and fragrant.花園里的空氣又溫暖又芬芳。考點聚焦：1)同根詞:fragrance n. 香氣, 香味;fragrantly adv. 芬芳地2)fragrant adj. 有香味的。如:When spring es, the air smells fragrant in our school.春天來的時候, 校園里香味撲鼻。3)fragrant adj. 芳香的, 美好的。如:The old picture reminds me of fragrant memories as a child in my hometown.這張舊照片勾起了我對小時候在家鄉(xiāng)的甜蜜回憶。活學活用：單項填空The students benefit from the_ smell the trees and flowers send out.A. greatB. fragrantC. negativeD. mountainous答案:B10. undertake vt. 著手做, 從事巧記提示：under（在底下)take（承擔)經典例句：They undertook planting trees in the desert.他們著手在沙漠里種樹。Since he graduated from the college, he has been undertaking experiments and calculations.自從大學畢業(yè)后, 他一直在從事實驗和計算（工作）?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:undertaker n. 承辦者, 承擔者;undertaking n. 事業(yè), 企業(yè)2)同義詞:take on 承擔;著手做3)undertake 作“著手做, 從事”講時, 常接表示重要事物的名詞作賓語。如:We had a trip to the west to undertake an experiment about the nuclear.我們到西部作了一次旅行在進行一次核試驗。4)undertake 還可意為“承擔，接受”。如：The work was undertaken by members of the mittee.此項工作由委員會成員承擔。5)undertake 意為“保證, 斷言, 答應”時, 常接不定式或從句作賓語。如:I cant undertake that you will make a profit.我不能擔保你會獲利。He undertook to be here at five.他答應五點鐘到這里來。6)相關短語:undertake a task開始進行一項任務undertake a post擔任一個職位活學活用：單項填空I undertook _the children English.A. taughtB. teachC. teachingD. to teach答案:D11. squeeze vt. 擠經典例句：He squeezed the tube hard and the last bit of toothpaste came out.他使勁擠牙膏管, 擠出了最后一點牙膏?？键c聚焦：1)派生詞:squeezability n. 威嚇, 壓迫, squeezable adj. 可壓擠的, 可逼迫的2)squeeze out of/from榨出, 擠出;勒索, 強取。如:She squeezed some juice from a lemon.她從一只檸檬中擠出了一些汁。That guy squeezed money out of his old mother.那家伙勒索老母親的錢財。3)常見短語:at a squeeze 在危急中be in a tight squeeze 陷入困境give sb. a squeeze of the hand緊握某人的手put the squeeze on sb. 對某人施加壓力squeeze into 使擠進活學活用：單項填空After the water is _, the ball-shaped pieces are put under the sun to dry before they can be used as a firewood.A. boiled downB. fired upC. kicked offD. squeezed out答案:D12. abolish vt. 廢除經典例句：These superstitious practices should be abolished as soon as possible.這些迷信做法應盡早取消?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:abolishment n. 廢止, 革除;abolitionism n. 廢除主義;abolisher n. 廢除者2)反義詞:establish vt. 建立, 設立3)abolish 指“消除長期存在的風俗、習慣等”。如:Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished.不良的習俗和法規(guī)應予以廢除?；顚W活用：單項填空All the unequal treaties were pletely _ after the war.A. to abolishB. abolishedC. abolishing D. abolish答案:B13. furthermore adv. 此外, 而且巧記提示：further(進一步)more（更)經典例句：The house is too small, and furthermore, its too far from the office.這座房子太小, 而且離辦公地點也太遠?？键c聚焦：1)同根詞:furthermost adj. 最遠方的, 最遠的;furthersome adj. 有利的2)同義詞:besides adv. 此外;in addition此外;moreover而且3)furthermore 作為過渡連接詞，表示增補，比較正式，語氣較強。如:Would you like to go out for a walk?你愿意出去散步嗎?I dont want to e out now, and furthermore, I must work.我現(xiàn)在不想出去, 而且我還得工作。活學活用：單項填空Its too late to go to the basketball match now, and_, its beginning to rain.A. besideB. as well asC. furthermoreD. more答案:C14. consequently adv. 所以, 因此巧記提示：consequent(adj. 作為結果的，隨之發(fā)生的）+-ly（副詞后綴）經典例句：Mr. Foster has never been to China. Consequently he knows very little about it.福斯特先生從未去過中國, 所以對中國了解得很少?？键c聚焦：1)同義詞:therefore, as a result2)常見短語：be consequent on/upon因而引起的;隨而發(fā)生的。如:The confusion is consequent on the earthquake.混亂是由地震引起的。3)辨析consequently和so:consequently “因而, 所以”, 是副詞, 只能作狀語。如:We do not have enough money. Consequently we cannot afford to buy the new car.我們的錢不夠, 因此買不成這輛新車。so “因此”, 是并列連詞, 連接兩個并列的句子。如:I missed the train so I was late for work.我沒有趕上火車, 結果上班遲到了?；顚W活用：單項填空After the ship hit the rock, the sailors tried to prevent the oil from spilling and_ it didnt cause damage to sea life.A. as a result ofB. soC. thereD. consequently答案:D