高三英語暑假一輪復習 基礎知識自測 Unit 3 Computers課件 新人教版必修2

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1、一、單詞拼寫一、單詞拼寫 根據讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。根據讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。1._ 1._ 5kAlkjuleit vtvt. . 計算計算 2._ 2._ 5simplifai vtvt. . 簡化簡化3._ 3._ 5CpEreitE n. n. 接線員接線員 4._ 4._ 5lCdVikEl adv adv. . 合邏輯的合邏輯的5._ 5._ tek5nClEdVi n n. . 科技科技 6._ 6._ 7revE5lu:FEn n n. . 革命革命7._ 7._ 7B:ti5fiFEl adj.adj. 人造的人造的 8._ 8._ in5telidVEns

2、n n. . 智力智力9_ 9_ sClv vtvt. . 解決解決 10._ 10._ 5pE:sEnEli advadv. . 親自親自 personally calculatesimplify operatorlogicaltechnologyrevolutionartificial intelligencesolve11._ 11._ 7Apli5keiFEn n. n. 應用應用 12._ 12._ fai5nAns n n. . 金融金融 13._ 13._ iks5plC: : v v. . 探索探索 14._ 14._ 5enihau advadv. . 無論如何無論如何15.

3、_ 15._ Eul n n. . 目標目標 16._ 16._ 5sinl n n. . 信號信號17._ 17._ taip n n. . 類型類型 18._ 18._ E5raiz vi.vi. 出現，出現，19._ 19._ Ilek5trRnIk adjadj. . 電子的，電子的， 20._ 20._ E5piErEns n n. . 外貌外貌applicationfinance explore anyhowgoal signaltype arise electronicappearance二、單詞運用二、單詞運用 根據句子的結構和意義，在空格處填根據句子的結構和意義，在空格處填入

4、一個恰當的單詞，或者用括號中所給的適當形式填入一個恰當的單詞，或者用括號中所給的適當形式填空?？铡?. At the end of a letter you should write “Yours _” and your name.2. With the development of science and _, people will live a happier life.3. IQ(智商智商) stands for _ quality.4. The captain had an _ leg, made of wood.5. English is a _ language, so we h

5、ave to learn it.truly technology intelligence artificial universal 6. An a_ is a calculating tool for dealing with figures in ancient China.7. One Laptop per Child is a non-profit association devoted to research to develop a 100 l_ for every child in the world.8. During the course, students will dev

6、elop their _(analysis) skills.9. The _ (develop) of the information technology was the greatest advance of the 20th century.10. We will soon arrive at the point where we can find all the knowledge of humankind on a computer _(網絡網絡).abacus laptop analytical development network 三、詞語派生三、詞語派生 用括號中所給詞的適當

7、形式填空。用括號中所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Try to _ (simple) your explanation for the students to help them understand better.2. If you want to know about the hotel, you can call the _ (operate) to find out the information.3. The boy is very clever and he shows high _ (intelligent) in study.4. _ (real) is not the way y

8、ou wish things to be but the way they actually are.5. Bob is _ (total) different from his father, who is very tall. simplify operator intelligence Reality totally 6. They agreed to accept my _ (apply) for joining their team.7. His success in business brought _ (happy) to his parents.8. We will make

9、a _ (person) visit to the students home.9. His speech is _ (logical) organized and sounds great.10. I disagree that the age of _ (technology) revolution has ended.application happiness personal logically technological 四、詞組互譯四、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英文。將下列詞組或短語譯成中文或英文。1. fromon _ 2. as a result _ 3. sotha

10、t _4. in a way _ 5. with the help of _ 6. deal with _7. watch over _ 8. as time goes by _ 9. in/during the 1970s _10. after all _從從時起時起結果結果如此如此以致于以致于在某種程度上在某種程度上在在的幫助下的幫助下處理；對付處理；對付看守；監(jiān)視看守；監(jiān)視隨著時間的流逝隨著時間的流逝在二十世紀七十年代在二十世紀七十年代畢竟畢竟 11. _ 11. _ 公有；共用公有；共用 12. _ 12. _ 技術革命技術革命 13. _ 13. _ 處理；安排；對付處理；安排；對付

11、 14. _ 14. _ 解決問題解決問題 15. _ 15. _ 人工智能人工智能 16. _ 16. _ 走過；過去走過；過去 17. _ 17. _ 依某人看來依某人看來 18. _ 18. _ 采取行動采取行動19. _ 19. _ 與與信息共享信息共享 20. _ 20. _ 彌補、組成彌補、組成have (sth) in commontechnological revolutiondeal (do) withsolve the problemartificial intelligencepass byas far as sb. is concernedtake an actions

12、hare information withmake up五、詞組運用五、詞組運用 詞組填空詞組填空 根據句子提供的語境，從第四大題中選一根據句子提供的語境，從第四大題中選一個適當的詞組并用其適當的形式填空。個適當的詞組并用其適當的形式填空。1. They had a lot _ and became good friends very soon.2. How are you going to _ such problems?3. Dont blame him. _, he is a child.after all in commondeal with翻譯填空翻譯填空 根據漢語意思，從上述短語中

13、選一個恰當根據漢語意思，從上述短語中選一個恰當的詞組完成句子。的詞組完成句子。4. He soon _ the lessons he missed.5. Why didnt you _ to put out the fire?6. It is not rare in _ (九十年代九十年代) that people in _ (五十多歲五十多歲)are going to university for further education.their fifties made uptake any actionthe 90s句子翻譯句子翻譯 從上述短語中選擇恰當的短語翻譯下列句子。從上述短語中選擇

14、恰當的短語翻譯下列句子。7她從那時起就知道自己會獲勝。她從那時起就知道自己會獲勝。8結果，他只得離開。結果，他只得離開。9在他父母的幫助下，他很快完成了作業(yè)。在他父母的幫助下，他很快完成了作業(yè)。10在春天，我們通常將鐘表向前撥一小時，以充分在春天，我們通常將鐘表向前撥一小時，以充分利用日光。利用日光。In spring, we usually set the clock one hour ahead to take full advantage of the daylight.From then on she knew she would win. With the help of his p

15、arents, he finished his homework soon.As a result, he had to leave.1. calculate vt. work (sth.) out by using numbers 計算計算e.g. calculate the cost of sth.calculator n. 計算器計算器2. universal adj. existing everywhere or involving everyone普遍的；通用的；宇宙的普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 universal rules 一般的原則一般的原則universe n. 宇宙宇宙; 萬有

16、萬有; 世界世界; 全人類全人類Our world is but a small part of theuniverse. 我們的世界只是宇宙的一小部分。我們的世界只是宇宙的一小部分。 3. simplify vt to make something less complicated and therefore easier to do or understand 簡化簡化 The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand. 這個故事里的英語被簡寫了，可更容易這個故事里的英語被簡寫了，可更

17、容易理解。理解。4.AND IT TOOK NEARLY TWO HUNDRED YEAR BEFORE I WAS BUILT AS AN ANALYTICAL MACHINE BY CHARLES BABBAGE.before 過多久才過多久才It took me nearly one year before I completed the work.Compare: not.until 直到直到才才I didnt complete the work until one year later.5. logical adj. 合邏輯的；合情理的合邏輯的；合情理的 a logical thin

18、ker 思想有邏輯性的人思想有邏輯性的人 a logical process 合理的程序合理的程序 logically adv. 邏輯上；邏輯上； 有條理地有條理地 He acted logically under the circumstances.在這種情況下他做事仍然很理智。在這種情況下他做事仍然很理智。 Logically, the decision is obvious. 從邏輯上，這項決定是明顯的。從邏輯上，這項決定是明顯的。 6. technologytechnique (n.) technologist (person) technical (adj.)technologica

19、l (adj.)1) This company is in great need of many _. 2) To build this machine, you must have _ability. 3) Do you know the knowledge of agricultural _.technologiststechnicaltechnique7. artificial adj. 人造的人造的; 假的假的 artificial flowers / limbs / pearls 假花假花 / 假肢假肢 / 假珍珠假珍珠 artificial intelligence 人工智能人工智

20、能8. intelligence noun U the ability to learn, understandand make judgments or have opinionsthat are based on reason. 智力；聰明智力；聰明intelligence quotient 智商智商an intelligence test 智力測驗智力測驗an intelligence agent 情報員情報員; 諜報員諜報員intelligent adj. 智能的；聰明的智能的；聰明的an intelligent reader 理解力強的讀者理解力強的讀者an intelligent

21、being 有智力的動物有智力的動物intelligent reply 巧妙的答復巧妙的答復He is an intelligent person.他是一位有才智的人。他是一位有才智的人。 9. solvevt. 解決；解答解決；解答1) I cant solve the problem. 我解答不了這個難題。我解答不了這個難題。 2) Help me to solve my financial troubles.請幫我解決經濟困難。請幫我解決經濟困難。3) The greatest scholar cannot solve this difficult problem. 再偉大的學者也沒有再

22、偉大的學者也沒有辦法解答這個難題吧。辦法解答這個難題吧。 10. fromon 從從時起時起From then on, the prince andprincess lived happily.從那時起，王子與公主就幸福地生從那時起，王子與公主就幸福地生活在一起活在一起。11. As time went by =With time going byas conj. +句子句子 ： 隨著隨著As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.with prep.+（復合）賓語（復合）賓語Weather changes with s

23、easons .go by (時間時間)過去，逝去過去，逝去 從從經過經過 遵循，以遵循，以來判斷來判斷As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse.Did you see a boy go by on a bicycle?Thats a good rule to go by.12.I HAVE BEEN USED IN OFFICES AND HOMES SINCE THE 1970S現在完成時被動語態(tài)現在完成時被動語態(tài)have/ has + been + p.p.Since 自從自從以來，以來， 常跟完成時態(tài)連用常跟完成時態(tài)連用.13. as

24、a result 結果結果1) He didnt work hard, as a result he failed his exam. 他不用功他不用功, 結果考試不及格。結果考試不及格。 2) Five hundred jobs were axed as a result of government spending cuts. 由于政府縮減經費的緣故由于政府縮減經費的緣故, 有五百人被有五百人被突然解雇了。突然解雇了。 3) He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪他遲到了。由于大雪他遲到了。 14.And my memory became so

25、large that even I couldnt believe it!句型：句型：so that如此如此以致于以致于與與 tooto 句型的相互轉換句型的相互轉換And my memory became too large for me to believe it.eg He is so old that he cant carry the box.He is too old to carry the box. 此結構中的此結構中的that從句表示結果。從句表示結果。 The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it. 比較比較: so that

26、既可以表結果既可以表結果,也可以表目的。也可以表目的。 so.that.結構的結構的so+形容詞形容詞/副詞位于副詞位于句首時句首時,句子用倒裝結構。句子用倒裝結構。So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.She told us _ story that we all forget the time.A. such an interesting B. such interesting a C. so an interesting D. a so interestingHe has _ few friends that he often fee

27、ls _.A. such; lonely B. such a; aloneC. so; lonely D. so; aloneSo loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him.A.he spoke B. did he spoke C. Spoke he D. did he speak 15. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.1)help (sb) with st

28、h 幫助幫助/協(xié)助協(xié)助(某人某人) 做某事做某事e.g. A man is helping the police with their enquiries. 有一男子在協(xié)助警方進行調查。有一男子在協(xié)助警方進行調查。2) as well as 也，還，而且也，還，而且e.g. He grows flowers as well as vegetables.She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.3) 這個句子是現在完成時被動語態(tài)，其機這個句子是現在完成時被動語態(tài)，其機 構是構是 (have/has +been + 過去分

29、詞）過去分詞）e.g. The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.16. explore vt. & vi. 探索；探測；探究探索；探測；探究1) The experts are exploring every part of the island. 專家們正在勘查這個島的各個部分。專家們正在勘查這個島的各個部分。 2) He had an itch to get away and explore. 他等不及要動身去探險。他等不及要動身去探險。 3) Can you explore the market possibility fo

30、r us? 您能為我們考察一下市場前景嗎？您能為我們考察一下市場前景嗎？ 17. anyhowadv. 無論如何；即使如此；至少無論如何；即使如此；至少1) I couldnt think of the name of that man anyhow. 我怎么也想不出那人的名字來了。我怎么也想不出那人的名字來了。 2) Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以試試。至少你可以試試。 3) Anyhow I must tell the truth. 無論如何，我必須說出真相。無論如何，我必須說出真相。 18. provide sb with sth= provide sth for

31、sb. This has provided police with an important clue(線索線索). = This has provided an important clue for police.supply sb with sth = supply sth to sboffer sb sth = offer sth to sb 19. be filled with= be full of充滿充滿 The sky is filled with our laughter. Fill the bottle with water.20. goal n. 目標；目的；球門目標；目的

32、；球門 ones goal in life 生活的目標生活的目標 a common goal 一個共同的目標一個共同的目標 keep goal 守球門守球門 win by two goals 以兩球獲勝以兩球獲勝 He achieved his goal. 他達到了他的目標。他達到了他的目標。 He kicked a goal. 他踢進一球。他踢進一球。 21. human race 人類人類1) Is the human race threatened with complete extinction? 人類是否會受到完全滅絕的威脅呢？人類是否會受到完全滅絕的威脅呢？ 2) Everythi

33、ng you say seems to be pervaded with a mistrust of the human race. 你說的一切似乎都滲透了對人類的不信任。你說的一切似乎都滲透了對人類的不信任。 Language points for Reading IIRead the text again to find out the following phrases.1. 和人一樣大小和人一樣大小as big as a human2. 在足球隊里在足球隊里on the football team3. 在某種程度上在某種程度上in a way5. 畢竟畢竟after all6. 在在的

34、幫助下的幫助下with the help of4. 編造編造,補足補足make up1. in a way 在某種程度上在某種程度上eg:從某種程度上來說從某種程度上來說, 他的英語有進步。他的英語有進步。In a way, his English has improved.on the/ones way (to) 在在(去去)的路上的路上by the way 順便提一下順便提一下in this way 用這種方法用這種方法in the way阻礙阻礙2. make up 編造，補足，化妝編造，補足，化妝make up the lossmake up a new dialogueShe spe

35、nt an hour making herself up before the party.be made up of編一個新對話編一個新對話彌補損失彌補損失由由組成組成3. after all 畢竟畢竟; 到底到底; 終究終究above all 首先首先; 最重要的是最重要的是at all 根本根本first of all 首先首先in all 總共總共; 總計總計eg: 在老師的幫助下在老師的幫助下, 我的英語進步很大。我的英語進步很大。With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English study.

36、4. WITH THE HELP OF 在在的的幫助下幫助下 The Present Perfect Passive VoiceLearning about passive voicean overview Tense or ModelPassive SentenceSimple PresentThe TOEFL exam is given every six months.Simple pastThe TOEFL exam was given last month.Simple FutureThe TOEFL exam will be given every year.Tense orMod

37、elPassive SentencePresent ContinuousThe TOEFL exam is being given every year.Present perfectThe TOEFL exam has been given every year since 1950.Past perfectThe TOEFL exam had been given before the Vietnam War occurred.First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in office

38、s and homes since the 1970s.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.Answer key for exercise 1 on page 21Answer key for exercise 1 on page 21I have also been put into robots

39、 and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.has/have been done現在完成時現在完成時被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)現在完成時的被動語態(tài)現在完成時的被動語態(tài)現在完成時的被動語態(tài)表示動作發(fā)生在過現在完成時的被動語態(tài)表示動作發(fā)生在過去去, 到現在已經完成或對現在仍有影響。到現在已經完成或對現在仍有影響。 現在完成時的被動語態(tài)現在完成時的被動語態(tài)U

40、nderstanding the structure of the present perfect passive voiceThe structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have / has beened注意注意:1. 副詞的位置副詞的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副詞置于等副詞置于have / has和和been中間。中間。如如: 誤誤 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正正 Such a man has hardly

41、been believed.2. 并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài)并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài) 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物動詞或詞組無被等不及物動詞或詞組無被動語態(tài)。如：動語態(tài)。如： 誤誤 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 正正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2) open, break, drop等不強調動作發(fā)出者等不強調動作發(fā)出者時常用主動語態(tài)。時常用主動語

42、態(tài)。3. 短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞或短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞或副詞。如：副詞。如：The patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊動詞一些特殊動詞, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等構等構成的現在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示成的現在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應的一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達相應的意思，意思， 則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。如：則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。如：My brother has had (不能用不能用h

43、as bought) this bike for almost four years.How long has this book been bought?How long ago was this book bought?(1) 把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。語。(2) 把謂語變成被動結構把謂語變成被動結構 (be過去分詞過去分詞) (根據被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和根據被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的數，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定時態(tài)來決定be的形式的形式)。主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法(3)

44、 把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之之后作賓語后作賓語, 將主格改為賓格。例如：將主格改為賓格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.(4) 雙賓語動詞變被動語態(tài)可將其中的一雙賓語動詞變被動語態(tài)可將其中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z， 另一個保留不動。另一個保留不動。主動：主動：I have given him th

45、e key.被動：被動：He has been given the key.被動：被動：The key has been given (to) him.(5) 帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時帶復合賓語的動詞變被動語態(tài)時, 只只能將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z能將賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z, 原來的賓補保留不動，原來的賓補保留不動， 改稱主語補足語。改稱主語補足語。主動：主動：I have asked her to help you.被動：被動：She has been asked to help you.1.現在完成時被動語態(tài)肯定句現在完成時被動語態(tài)肯定句主語主語+has/ have been +P.P.+.(P.P.=動詞

46、的過去分詞形式動詞的過去分詞形式)Her motorbike has been stolen.她的摩托車被盜了。她的摩托車被盜了。All the offices have been linked by computer.所有的售票處由計算機聯(lián)網工作。所有的售票處由計算機聯(lián)網工作。2.現在完成時被動語態(tài)否定句現在完成時被動語態(tài)否定句主語主語+has/ have +not+ been+ P.P.+.The task has not been finished yet.任務尚未完成。任務尚未完成。Many skilled workers have not been trained in the co

47、mpany.這家公司并沒有培養(yǎng)多少熟練工人。這家公司并沒有培養(yǎng)多少熟練工人。3.現在完成時被動語態(tài)一般疑問句現在完成時被動語態(tài)一般疑問句句型句型1Has he(she, it,單數名詞單數名詞)+been+P.P.+.?Has a new computer been bought?買了一臺新電腦嗎買了一臺新電腦嗎?Have they been sent abroad to study Eng-lish?他們已經被派往國外學英語了嗎他們已經被派往國外學英語了嗎?4.現在完成時被動語態(tài)特殊疑問句現在完成時被動語態(tài)特殊疑問句 疑問詞疑問詞+have (has)+主語主語+been+ P.P.+.?

48、What has been bought by Tom? 湯姆已經買了什么東西湯姆已經買了什么東西? Who have been helped by the new computer?誰已經得到這種新計算機的幫助誰已經得到這種新計算機的幫助? How many buildings have been built in this school? 這所學校已經建造了多少座大樓這所學校已經建造了多少座大樓? Where has the car been repaired? 這輛小汽車已經在哪里修理好了這輛小汽車已經在哪里修理好了? Exercises1. Both my brother work a

49、t the power station that _ in my hometown. A. has set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. is set up2. -_ the sports meet will be put off. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told3. All the preparation for the task _, and were ready to start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed

50、 D. have been done4. - How long _ at this job? - Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed5. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been dec

51、ided6. Betty_ injured since last Saturday. A. has been B. was C. is D. has7. That book _into at least 20 foreign languages.A. has said to be translatedB. has been said to have translatedC. is said that it had been translatedD. is said to have been translated注注:該句的句型是該句的句型是:It is said that/people (th

52、ey) said that/that book is said to 根據句意是已經被譯成了根據句意是已經被譯成了20 多種文字多種文字所以要用現在完成時的被動語態(tài)。所以要用現在完成時的被動語態(tài)。 8. Hi, Tom, you look tired. - Of course. I _ the living room all day. A. had painted B. painted C. have been painted D. have been painting9. -Did you move into the new house? - No. The rooms _ yet. A.

53、were being painted B. are painting C. have not painted D. have not been painted 10. Great changes_ in my hometown and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; are being set up B. have taken place; have been set up C. are taken place; had been set up D. took place; will set up 11. Its said tha

54、t this book_ into Chinese. A. had translated B. has translated C. was translated D. has been translated 12. You cant move in .The house _. A. is painting B. is being painted C. has painted D. has been painted 13. Millions of pounds worth of damage_ by a storm which swept across the north of England

55、last night. A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been cause14. Have you ever_ to the exhibition which _for three weeks?A. gone; has been shownB. visited; shownC. been; has been on showD. went; lasted15. -How long ago _ these eggs_? - Perhaps 15 days. A. will; hatch B.

56、 did; hatch C. were; hatched D. have; been hatched Put the Chinese into English to complete the sentences. 1. You can see the house _ _ (未油漆未油漆) for years. 2. How many workers _ (已派遣已派遣) to build the railway? has not beenpaintedhave been sent 3. Why does Mary look so unhappy? She _ (被嘲被嘲 笑笑) by her

57、classmates. 4. It is said that the house _ _ (闖進了闖進了) by two thieves. has been laughed atbroken intohas been 5. _ his views _ (受受 到批判到批判) by them? 6. The two pens _ _ (未被拿走未被拿走) by him. 7. Where _ the television _ _ (已經修理了已經修理了) ? Havebeen criticizedhave not beentaken awayhasbeen repaired 8. The price of a color TV set _ _ (降價了降價了) again. 9. What _ (已被已被 譯成譯成) into many foreign languages? been brought downhas has been translated