高三英語(yǔ)暑假一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè) Unit 2 Working the land課件 新人教版必修4

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1、一、單詞拼寫一、單詞拼寫 根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。根據(jù)讀音、詞性和詞義寫出下列單詞。1. _ strgl vt. & vi.斗爭(zhēng)；斗爭(zhēng)；n.努力努力2. _ stisfaidadj.感到滿意的感到滿意的3._ fri:d m n.自由；自主自由；自主4._ ikwip vt.& vi.配備；裝備配備；裝備5._ auputn.產(chǎn)量，輸出量產(chǎn)量，輸出量6._ikspC:tvt.輸出輸出 n.出口出口7._knfju:zVt.搞亂，使糊涂搞亂，使糊涂8._s plain.補(bǔ)給；補(bǔ)給；vt.提供提供9._sju:tbladj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?，相配的適當(dāng)?shù)模嗯涞?0._ikspAndvt.使膨脹

2、使膨脹vi.發(fā)展發(fā)展expand struggle satisfied freedom equip output exportconfuse supply suitable 11._smrin.摘要，概要摘要，概要12._s:kjuleitv.使流通，（使）運(yùn)行使流通，（使）運(yùn)行13._bAktirin.細(xì)菌細(xì)菌14._ikstFeindVvt.交換；交換；n.交流交流15._hQNgEn.饑餓，欲望饑餓，欲望16._wCtevEpron.凡凡是是，無(wú)論什無(wú)論什么么17._ridju:svt.減少，簡(jiǎn)化減少，簡(jiǎn)化18._nju:triFEn n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)19._greinn.谷物

3、，顆粒谷物，顆粒20._sju:pEadj.特級(jí)的，超級(jí)的特級(jí)的，超級(jí)的summarycirculatebacteria exchange hunger whateverreduce nutritiongrain super 二、單詞運(yùn)用二、單詞運(yùn)用 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，或首字母提根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，或首字母提示或漢語(yǔ)提示，在空格處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。示或漢語(yǔ)提示，在空格處填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1. We had a _(努力努力) to stop the criminal.2. The document will be _(傳閱傳閱)to all members.3. Ill type y

4、our report if youll baby-sit in e_.4. Our farm _the market with fruits and vegetables.5. We should s_ the results of the exam briefly and report to the headmaster.summarize strugglecirculatedexchangesupplies6. Sydneys population _rapidly in the 1960s.7. He has a _ (曬黑的曬黑的) face and bright eyes.8. Th

5、e plane _speed as it was approaching the airport.9. The workers there worked _ crazy, with only thirty minutes break at noon.10. He _(耕作耕作) the farm with great success.workedexpandedsunburntreducedlike三、詞語(yǔ)派生三、詞語(yǔ)派生 用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用括號(hào)中所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He has a _ (hungry) for knowledge.2. Yuanlongping is

6、famous for _ (supply) the farmers with super hybrid rice seeds.3. Some organic farmers prefer _ (plant) grass between to _ (prevent)wind or water from carrying away the soil.4. Mr Brook cares little about spending the money on himself or _ (lead) a comfortable life.5. My mother doesnt like me wearin

7、g short skirts to church , for she doesnt think that _ (suit). hunger supplying prevent plantingleading suitable 6. I am a bit _(confuse). Is that her husband or her son she is with?7. Yesterday 1 bought 10 flavors of ice-cream-enough _ (satisfy) my roommates.8. Chemical fertilizers kill both _ (hel

8、p) and harmful bacteria and pests.9. He insisted that he _ (suffer) from heart trouble, but I didnt think so.10. Do you know that_ (chat) with wise men improves your mind?confused to satisfy helpful was suffering chatting 四、詞組互譯四、詞組互譯 將下列詞組或短語(yǔ)譯成中文或英語(yǔ)。將下列詞組或短語(yǔ)譯成中文或英語(yǔ)。1. 1. 對(duì)對(duì)有天賦有天賦 _ _ 2. 2. 定居定居 _ _

9、 3. 3. 防止防止; ;阻止阻止_ _ 4. 4. 依靠，依賴依靠，依賴 _ _ 5. 5. 在許多方面在許多方面_ _ 6. 6. 照顧照顧 _ _ 7. 7. 陷入困境陷入困境 _ _ 8. 8. 作出解釋作出解釋_ _ 9. 9. 謀生謀生_ _ 10. 10. 查閱，談到查閱，談到 _ have a gift forsettle downprevent fromdepend onin many wayscare aboutbe in troubleaccount forearn ones livingrefer to11. Thanks to_12. get rid of _13.

10、 be satisfied with_14. lead a .life _15. would rather _16. by accident _17. look forward to _18. devote to _19. break out _20. insist on _堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持多虧了多虧了.擺脫，除去擺脫，除去對(duì)對(duì)感到滿意感到滿意過(guò)過(guò)的生活的生活寧愿寧愿偶然地，意外地偶然地，意外地期待期待獻(xiàn)身于獻(xiàn)身于爆發(fā)爆發(fā)五、詞組運(yùn)用五、詞組運(yùn)用 根據(jù)句子提供的語(yǔ)境，從第四大題中選根據(jù)句子提供的語(yǔ)境，從第四大題中選一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組并用其適用的形式填空。一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~組并用其適用的形式填空。1. He go

11、t the first prize in the speech contest. His teacher_ his performance.2. It is really a hot day. I _ stay in the house with air-conditioning than go out shopping.3. Please_ the last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises.4. _ your help, we could finish the task on time.5. Most of the

12、 people in remote mountainous area _ poor _.was satisfied withwould ratherrefer toThanks tolead a life6. In order to protect the rivers from being polluted, we must _ factories _ pouring waste into them.7. When a child knows that he _, he feels safe and secure.8. The girl struggled to_ herself _ her

13、 fears.9. Some schools _ their students wearing school uniforms.10. After the war _, he was taken on by a foreign company.stop / prevent fromis cared aboutrid ofinsist onbroke outLANGUAGE POINTS1) 辨析辨析because, for because表示理由充分表示理由充分,有必然因果有必然因果關(guān)系關(guān)系, 能回答以能回答以why引起的問(wèn)句。引起的問(wèn)句。1. He wants everyone to cal

14、l him a farmer, for thats how he regards himself. Why arent you coming with us to the concert? Because I have got a bad headache. 你為何不與我們一起去看音樂(lè)會(huì)？你為何不與我們一起去看音樂(lè)會(huì)？ 因?yàn)槲翌^痛。因?yàn)槲翌^痛。for (因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)?由于由于),補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由,不用不用于句首于句首;不能回答以不能回答以why引起的問(wèn)句。引起的問(wèn)句。如：如：The shop was quite new, for it had opened only the week be

15、fore.2) regard regard.as.; 將將.認(rèn)為認(rèn)為 We regarded her as the best writer among us. in/ with regard to sb./sth. 關(guān)于關(guān)于,至于至于 a countrys laws in regard to human rights 一個(gè)國(guó)家關(guān)于人權(quán)的法律一個(gè)國(guó)家關(guān)于人權(quán)的法律 2. Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping works the land to do his research. work vi./ vt

16、. 經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)營(yíng),管理管理 work the land=grow crops on it 耕耘土地耕耘土地 He works a big farm. 他經(jīng)營(yíng)著一個(gè)大的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。他經(jīng)營(yíng)著一個(gè)大的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。3. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of other Chinese farmers. one, ones, that, those的區(qū)別的區(qū)別A. 一般來(lái)講一般來(lái)講,one代表前面有不定冠詞的代表前面有不定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù), that代表

17、前面有定冠詞代表前面有定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);ones代表前面無(wú)定冠代表前面無(wú)定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(前面總帶有形容詞前面總帶有形容詞作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ),不能單獨(dú)使用不能單獨(dú)使用), those代表前面代表前面有定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。例如有定冠詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。例如:This is a point of idiom rather than one of grammar. (one =a point)I prefer the classroom with enough light rather than that with little light. (that= the c

18、lassroom)I like peaches but I must have some ripe ones. (ones= peaches) He told me the stories of himself and those of his sister (those= the stories)B. one或或ones的定語(yǔ)既可以放在其前面，的定語(yǔ)既可以放在其前面，也可以放在其后面也可以放在其后面;that或或those的定語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)只能放在其后面。只能放在其后面。 He has got a new storybook, but I have got several old ones. Th

19、e cost of oil is less than that of gas. I prefer the English-English dictionaries to _ with much Chinese explanation. A. that B. those C. one D. ones4. In many ways, he is one of them, and he has struggled for the past five decades to help them. 常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(1) already, yet, ever, ju

20、st, recently, lately, never, before (adv.) The boy has already/just got home. I havent heard from him yet /recently /lately. I have seen the old man somewhere before.(2) since/for I have lived in Beijing since 2000. I have lived in Beijing since I arrived here. I have lived in Beijing for 5 years.st

21、ruggle vi. 搏斗搏斗, 掙扎掙扎, 努力努力, 拼搏拼搏 They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燒著的車?yán)锿馀?。他們掙扎著從燒著的車?yán)锿馀馈?She struggled up the stairs with her heavy bags. 她提著沉重的行李艱難地走上樓梯。她提著沉重的行李艱難地走上樓梯。搭配搭配 struggle against 與與斗爭(zhēng)，為反對(duì)斗爭(zhēng)，為反對(duì)而斗爭(zhēng)，而斗爭(zhēng)， struggle for 為爭(zhēng)取為爭(zhēng)取而斗爭(zhēng)而斗爭(zhēng)5. In 1974, he became the first agr

22、icultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. the first +n. + to do 不定式放在表示次序的詞不定式放在表示次序的詞the first, the last, the best以及以及the only, the very, the right等詞后面等詞后面, 且這些詞且這些詞與動(dòng)詞不與動(dòng)詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；如與動(dòng)詞不定式是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系如與動(dòng)詞不定式是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí)時(shí),則用過(guò)去分詞。則用過(guò)去分詞。 He is the first man to win

23、 the Nobel Prize. The first book written for teaching English came out in the 16th century.6. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. make it +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞不定動(dòng)詞不定式式,it 做形式賓語(yǔ)做形式賓語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式是真正動(dòng)詞不定式是真正的賓語(yǔ)。的賓語(yǔ)。it做形式賓語(yǔ)做形式賓語(yǔ), 通常和下列通常和下列動(dòng)詞連用動(dòng)詞連用:

24、 WE CONSIDER IT OUR DUTY TO SUPPORT GOOD LEADERS. consider, think, make, find, believe, count, declare, deem, fancy, feel, guess, imagine, judge, prove, see, show, suppose, understand, take等等.The new method makes it possible to complete the task faster.Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded o

25、f the long-standing debt. Susan deemed it advisable to keep the matter secret. We all feel it nice to be able to visit that distinguished university.Who can prove it wrong to have a “make-money-quick” mentality? The guide thought _ wrong to eat monkeys. A. this B. it is C. it D. that was7. Since the

26、n, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. devote vt. 奉獻(xiàn)奉獻(xiàn);致力致力;專業(yè)于專業(yè)于 devote ones time/life/oneself to sth./doing sth. 把把.貢獻(xiàn)于貢獻(xiàn)于. be devoted to sth./doing sth. 把把.貢獻(xiàn)于貢獻(xiàn)于He has devoted all his life to helping others.We should be devoted to our work.devoted adj. 熱愛的熱愛的, 忠誠(chéng)

27、的忠誠(chéng)的a devoted worker 敬業(yè)的工人敬業(yè)的工人 a devoted husband 對(duì)妻子忠誠(chéng)的丈夫?qū)ζ拮又艺\(chéng)的丈夫Her son, to whom she was so _, went abroad ten years ago.A. loved B. cared C. devoted D. affected8. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields. search = try to find by looking for “搜查搜查”。T

28、hey searched everywhere but could not find the lost child. 他們各處都找遍了他們各處都找遍了, 始終找不到丟失始終找不到丟失的小孩。的小孩。The home was searched but no one was found. 搜查了房屋但一個(gè)人也未發(fā)現(xiàn)。搜查了房屋但一個(gè)人也未發(fā)現(xiàn)。 search常用的搭配：常用的搭配： search sb./sth. 搜查某人搜查某人/某物某物 search for sb./sth. 搜尋某人搜尋某人/某物某物 search sth./sb. for搜查某物搜查某物/某人某人以尋找以尋找 in sea

29、rch of 尋找尋找 search out 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)注意：注意：search sb.指指“搜查某人搜查某人”, 指對(duì)某人指對(duì)某人進(jìn)行搜身。進(jìn)行搜身。 search for sb.指指“搜尋某人搜尋某人”, 指為了指為了要找到某人進(jìn)行搜尋要找到某人進(jìn)行搜尋, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于look for。例如：例如： The policeman searched the thief to see what he had in his pockets. 警察搜查小偷警察搜查小偷, 看他口袋里有什么東西。看他口袋里有什么東西。 The villagers are searching for the missing

30、 child. 村民們正在搜尋那個(gè)失蹤的孩子。村民們正在搜尋那個(gè)失蹤的孩子。9. Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger. 1) thanks to表示表示“幸虧幸虧,多虧多虧”多用于多用于表達(dá)正面意思表達(dá)正面意思, 相當(dāng)于感謝相當(dāng)于感謝, 在句中作在句中作狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。狀語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 Thanks to your help，much trouble was saved 多虧你的幫助多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。減少了許多麻煩。Animals living environments have been

31、 getting worse _ the increase in industrial pollution. A. thanks to B. because C. as D. since2) ridof 使使擺脫擺脫/清除清除rid a house of mice 清除室內(nèi)老鼠清除室內(nèi)老鼠rid oneself of debt 還清債務(wù)還清債務(wù)類似用法動(dòng)詞類似用法動(dòng)詞：inform/ warn/ cureof,The sales manager asked his men to inform him of everything concerning the sales in time. 銷售部

32、經(jīng)理讓他手下的人銷售部經(jīng)理讓他手下的人把關(guān)于銷售量的情況及時(shí)報(bào)告他。把關(guān)于銷售量的情況及時(shí)報(bào)告他。10. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法共有三種形式英語(yǔ)中的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法共有三種形式:(1) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + 形容詞形容詞/副詞的比較級(jí)副詞的比較級(jí) + than.(2) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + as +形容詞形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)副詞的原級(jí) + as.(3) 倍數(shù)倍數(shù) + the + 名詞名詞+ of. This building is five times higher

33、 than that one. 這座樓比那座樓高出五倍。這座樓比那座樓高出五倍。 This building is five times as high as that one. 這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。This building is five times the height of that one. 這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。The new building is four times the size of the old one.It is reported that the United States uses _ energy as

34、the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much11. However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. lead . a life, live . a life 過(guò)過(guò).的生活的生活 Now we are leading a happy life. In the old days farmers led a terrible life in the c

35、ountry.與與lead相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)相關(guān)的短語(yǔ):lead sb. away 使某人誤入歧途使某人誤入歧途lead sb. by the nose 牽著某人的鼻子走牽著某人的鼻子走lead up to sth. 是導(dǎo)致是導(dǎo)致.的原因的原因lead from the front 帶頭帶頭;帶動(dòng)帶動(dòng)1) too much 與與much too的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 too much通常位于動(dòng)詞之后通常位于動(dòng)詞之后,修飾動(dòng)修飾動(dòng)詞詞, too做做much的狀語(yǔ)的狀語(yǔ),后面也可接名后面也可接名詞。詞。 12. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much mone

36、y has more, rather than fewer troubles.She does talk too much, doesnt she? He has too much work to do. 而而much too則常用在形容詞或副詞之則常用在形容詞或副詞之前修飾形容詞或副詞。前修飾形容詞或副詞。The dress is much too long for me. 這衣服我穿太長(zhǎng)了。這衣服我穿太長(zhǎng)了。I got into the taxi and drove much too fast. 我上了出租車我上了出租車, 并開得飛快。并開得飛快。2) rather than 而不是而不是

37、 Mary, rather than her roommates, is going to Beijing. 要去北京的是瑪麗要去北京的是瑪麗, 而不是她的而不是她的室友們。室友們。 注意注意: rather than 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。和數(shù)上保持一致。 She ran rather than walked. 她跑著而不是走著。她跑著而不是走著。He is a student rather than a worker. 他是學(xué)生他是學(xué)生,不是工人。不是

38、工人。 They lost some books rather than money. 他們丟了一些書他們丟了一些書, 而不是錢。而不是錢。I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫信而不打電話。我決定寫信而不打電話。13. So he gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.equip vt. 裝備，配備，供給，提供裝備，配備，供給，提供He equipped himself for a long journey.他為長(zhǎng)途旅行準(zhǔn)

39、備行裝。他為長(zhǎng)途旅行準(zhǔn)備行裝。Proper education will equip one for a job.接受一定的教育就使你具備就業(yè)的能力。接受一定的教育就使你具備就業(yè)的能力。14. And he would rather keep time for his hobbies. would rather 寧愿，寧可寧愿，寧可Hed rather work in the countryside. 用法用法1：would ratherthan 寧愿寧愿而不而不，與其，與其不如不如I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.用法

40、用法2：would rather than =would ratherthanFacing the enemies, our soldiers would die rather than surrender. 面對(duì)敵人面對(duì)敵人, 我們的戰(zhàn)士寧死不屈。我們的戰(zhàn)士寧死不屈。Rather than refuse to help you, I would borrow money from my friends. 我寧我寧可向朋友借錢可向朋友借錢, 也不愿拒絕幫助你。也不愿拒絕幫助你。用法用法3：would rather后面也可跟從句后面也可跟從句表示主語(yǔ)寧愿某人做某事。這時(shí)，從句表示主語(yǔ)寧愿某人做某

41、事。這時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要做的事；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要做的事；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事或過(guò)去要做的事。表示已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事或過(guò)去要做的事。Id rather you hadnt told him the news that day.用法用法4: would rather have done sth. 表示主語(yǔ)要做某事表示主語(yǔ)要做某事, 而結(jié)果卻事與愿違。而結(jié)果卻事與愿違。Id rather have left a note on her desk.我本想留張字條在她的書桌上。我本想留張字條在她的書桌上。 (事實(shí)上沒(méi)有事

42、實(shí)上沒(méi)有) 高考鏈接高考鏈接- Shall we go skating or stay at home?- Which _ do yourself? A. do you rather B. would you ratherC. will you rather D. should you rather答案答案B would rather do sth. 更喜歡做更喜歡做Language points for Reading IILANGUAGE POINTS1. bacteria 細(xì)菌細(xì)菌 其單數(shù)形式為其單數(shù)形式為bacterium2. pest 害蟲，害鳥害蟲，害鳥supply.1) 用作名詞

43、時(shí)：用作名詞時(shí)：a) 指指“供給供給;供應(yīng)供應(yīng)”等等,其反義詞為其反義詞為demand (需求需求)。 supply and demand 供與求供與求 be in short supply 供應(yīng)缺乏供應(yīng)缺乏,供應(yīng)不足供應(yīng)不足 food supply 食物供應(yīng)食物供應(yīng) water supply 供水供水3. good supply.b) 當(dāng)當(dāng)“供應(yīng)品供應(yīng)品;生活用品生活用品;補(bǔ)給品補(bǔ)給品”等等,常用復(fù)數(shù)常用復(fù)數(shù)supplies。 military supplies 軍需品軍需品 household supplies 家庭用品家庭用品 medical supplies 醫(yī)用品醫(yī)用品2) 用作動(dòng)詞

44、時(shí)用作動(dòng)詞時(shí),指指“供給供給,提供提供,備辦備辦”等等, supply sb. (with) sth , supply sth. to /for sb. - They supplied food to/for them. 他們供給他食物。他們供給他食物。 - The library is well supplied with books. 圖書館備有充足的書籍。圖書館備有充足的書籍。比較比較 supply, provide 和和 affordsupply向群眾、市場(chǎng)、城市、工廠等向群眾、市場(chǎng)、城市、工廠等供應(yīng)物品。供應(yīng)物品。provide 主要指為某人、某物供應(yīng)物主要指為某人、某物供應(yīng)物品品,

45、 尤其指生活必需品。尤其指生活必需品。afford 指為一定的目的而提供所需要指為一定的目的而提供所需要的東西。的東西。They provided the refugees food and medicine. 他們?yōu)殡y民提供食品和藥品。他們?yōu)殡y民提供食品和藥品。These efforts afforded us useful experience. 這些努力使我們得到一些有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這些努力使我們得到一些有益的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。All the rooms are _ with electric lights.A. supplied B. given C. offered D. burnt4. build

46、 up 逐漸積聚逐漸積聚; 增進(jìn)，增強(qiáng)增進(jìn)，增強(qiáng) Traffic on this road is building up. build up ones strength after an illness. 5. lead to 導(dǎo)致導(dǎo)致; 通向往通向往 His mistakes led to his failure. This road leads to the railway station.6. focus on 聚集；集中聚集；集中 Please focus your mind on the following problem. All eyes were focused on him.

47、7. keep free from “遠(yuǎn)離遠(yuǎn)離”或或“避免避免” keep free from emotional reactions 避免激動(dòng)的反應(yīng)避免激動(dòng)的反應(yīng) keep free from restrictions 避免受到限制避免受到限制Grammar 一一. 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)的用法動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)的用法 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作, 在口語(yǔ)中也可以表示具體的動(dòng)作。如：在口語(yǔ)中也可以表示具體的動(dòng)作。如： Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty.GRAMMAR Talking mends no

48、holes. 空談無(wú)濟(jì)于事?？照劅o(wú)濟(jì)于事。 Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一種樂(lè)趣。和你一起工作是一種樂(lè)趣。 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和不定式做主語(yǔ)一樣，也可以用動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)和不定式做主語(yǔ)一樣，也可以用it作作形式主語(yǔ)。如：形式主語(yǔ)。如： Its rather tiring walking around in a city. 不定式做主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。不定式做主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的特別是將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。如：如： Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。覆水難收。 He realized that to go

49、on like this was wrong.（指抽象動(dòng)作）（指抽象動(dòng)作）（指具體動(dòng)作）（指具體動(dòng)作）【考例】 What do you think made Mary so upset？ _ her new bicycle A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 解析：解析：losing her new bicycle是句子的主語(yǔ)，是句子的主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)made her so upset被省略，被省略，losing 在在此表示具體的動(dòng)作。此表示具體的動(dòng)作。 二二. 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法 1有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后常

50、用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如有些動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后常用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。如admit, appreciate, avoid，cant stand（不能忍受）（不能忍受）, consider，delay, devote to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss（錯(cuò)過(guò)）（錯(cuò)過(guò)）, pay attention to, practice, put off, s

51、tick to, suggest等等。等等。 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操對(duì)你的健康有好處。做早操對(duì)你的健康有好處。 Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋該修理了。她的鞋該修理了。注意注意: 當(dāng)當(dāng) need, want, require, worth后后面接面接doing也可以表示被動(dòng)。也可以表示被動(dòng)。 Your hair wants cutting. 你的頭發(fā)該理了。你的頭發(fā)該理了。The floor requires washing. 地板需要沖洗。地板需要沖洗。I have finished

52、writing this book. 我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了。我已經(jīng)寫完這本書了?！究祭究祭?I cant imagine _ that with them A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 解析：解析：考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 look forward to 后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法。后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的用法。 2. 在在allow,

53、 advise, forbid, permit后直接跟后直接跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，如果有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，則構(gòu)成“allowadviseforbidpermit 名詞名詞代詞不定式（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）代詞不定式（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）”之形式。如：之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here 3. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞need, require, want意為意為“需要需要”時(shí)，時(shí)，后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式或不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)，意義后跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式或不定式的被動(dòng)式作賓語(yǔ)，意義沒(méi)有區(qū)別。如：沒(méi)有

54、區(qū)別。如： The window needsrequireswants cleaningto be cleaned 4. 在在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用動(dòng)名詞和后用動(dòng)名詞和 用不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可，意義沒(méi)有多用不定式作賓語(yǔ)均可，意義沒(méi)有多 大區(qū)別。大區(qū)別。 5. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, cant help后跟動(dòng)名詞和跟不定式區(qū)別較大，須注意。后跟動(dòng)名詞和跟不定式區(qū)別較大，須注意。 forget, reg

55、ret, remember后跟動(dòng)名詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞，動(dòng)名詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；后跟不定式表示將要發(fā)生動(dòng)名詞表示已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；后跟不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作。 go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事go on to do 接著做另一件事接著做另一件事 mean doing 意味著要做某事意味著要做某事mean to do 想要做某事想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下來(lái)（別的事）開始停下來(lái)（別的事）開始 做某事做某事try doing 試著做某事試著做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 習(xí)

56、慣于做某事習(xí)慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來(lái)做某事被用來(lái)做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事【考例】 Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet A. study B. to study C. for studying D. studying 解析：解析：stop studying意為意為“停止學(xué)習(xí)停止學(xué)習(xí)”。 Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember

57、 _ me the story yesterday？ A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told 解析解析: remember telling me意為意為“記得曾經(jīng)告訴過(guò)我記得曾經(jīng)告訴過(guò)我”。 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repairedExcersice2. Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month? Will you please

58、 remember _ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing3. The classroom wants _. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning4. Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited5. My brother keeps _ me with my wor

59、k. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped6. We should often practise _ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking7. Keep on _ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying8. His parents insist on _ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go9.

60、The story was so funny that we _. A. couldnt help laugh B. cant but laugh C. couldnt help laughing D. couldnt help but to laugh10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂昂貴貴), it is worth _. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it11. He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory. A. study B. be stu

61、died C. studying D. have studied12. We are both looking forward to _ next week. A. going on vocation(休假休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation13. You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read14. You should work tonight instead

62、 of _ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching15. The microscope is used for_ minute (微小的微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine16. Mike has got used _ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. X C. to sitting D. sitting17. Once the heart stops _, death fol

63、lows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating18. We are now busy _ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared19. I remembered _ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see20. I regret _ that to her. A. having

64、 said B. to have said C. to say D. X21. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免避免) _ others. A. being infected(感染感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected22.Your clothes need _. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed23. _ provides us with essential nutrients (營(yíng)養(yǎng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)), while _ provides

65、 us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed24. He attended the party without_. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited25. By _, water can be changed into gas. A. heating B. being heated C. having heated D. heated26. On land ma

66、ny objects prevent sound _ very far. A. to travel B. travel C. from travelling D. to travelling27. She returned home only to find the door open and something_ . A. missed B. to be missing C. missing D. to be missed 28. Remember_ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back 29. Writing stories and articles_ what I enjoy most. A. is B. are C. was D. were 30. He was afraid _for being late. A. of seeing B. of being seen C. to be seen D. to have s