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1、 語(yǔ) 態(tài)時(shí) 態(tài) 主 動(dòng) 形 式 被 動(dòng) 形 式一 般 式完 成 式 (not) doing (not) being done(not)having done (not)having been done 二: V-ing 可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ); 定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)。 V-ing 形式表示的動(dòng)作與主要?jiǎng)釉~同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在主要?jiǎng)釉~之后，用其一般式; V-ing 形式表示的動(dòng)作在主要?jiǎng)釉~之前發(fā)生，用其完成時(shí)，在具體應(yīng)用中也常以一般式代替完成式。 V-ing 的用法： 1.作 主 語(yǔ) Swimming is good for health. _ (raise) your hat t
2、o a a lady is good manners . 對(duì) 一 位 女 士 脫 帽 致 敬 是 禮 貌 的 。 _ (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing .RaisingBeing killed 注 意 ：動(dòng) 名 詞 和 不 定 式 都 可 以 作 主 語(yǔ) ， 動(dòng) 名 詞 作 主語(yǔ) 表 示 一 般 或 抽 象 的 多 次 性 行 為 ， 不 定 式 作主 語(yǔ) 往 往 表 示 具 體 的 或 一 次 性 的 動(dòng) 作 。 如 ：Playing with fire is dangerous. （ 泛 指 玩 火 ）To play with fi
3、re will be dangerous.（ 指 一 具 體 動(dòng) 作 ） 2. 作表語(yǔ) Teaching is learning. 教學(xué)相長(zhǎng) My hobby is _ (make) model planes. What worried the child most was _ (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital .makingnot being allowed 2). V-ing形式和不定式都要有對(duì)稱(chēng)性;當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，表語(yǔ)也用不定式；反之，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是 V-ing 形式時(shí)，表語(yǔ)也用 V-ing 形式。 To see is to b
4、elieve. = Seeing is believing.注 意 3). Its no use (good) doing sth Its a waste of time doing sth it 作形式主語(yǔ), 只用V-ing,不用不定式。 It is + adj. + (for sb ) to do sth It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水難收。 It is a waste of time _ (talk) to him . It is important for me _ (learn) English . talking to learn 3
5、.作賓語(yǔ) V-ing 形式既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ), 也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。 We would appreciate hearing from you 我們會(huì)珍惜你的來(lái)信。 The bird escaped _ (catch) . I feel like _ (join) the army. He was afraid of _ (abandon) by us.being abandonedbeing caught joining 注 意 ： 在 avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgiv
6、e, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on , instead of, look forward to, object to, keep on等 后 只 接 V-ing形 式 作 賓語(yǔ) 。 p避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期p建議完成多聯(lián)系p喜歡想象禁不住p承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒p逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒p 忍受保持不介意 注 意 在 want， need， require， deserve等 動(dòng) 詞 之 后作 賓 語(yǔ) 時(shí) ， 常 用 動(dòng) 名 詞 的 主 動(dòng) 式 表 示 被 動(dòng) 意 義 。Your
7、car needs filling. 你 這 車(chē) 要 充 氣 了 。This city deserves visiting. 這 座 城 市 值 得 光 顧 一 下 。The problem requires studying carefully .這 個(gè) 問(wèn) 題 需 要 認(rèn) 真 研 究 。The trees want watering .這 些 樹(shù) 需 要 澆 水 了 。 在 （ be） worth后 面 只 能 用 動(dòng) 名 詞 的 主 動(dòng) 態(tài)來(lái) 表 示 被 動(dòng) 意 義 。His suggestion is worth considering.The book is worth readin
8、g. 在 allow， advise， forbid， permit等 動(dòng) 詞 后直 接 跟 動(dòng) 名 詞 形 式 作 賓 語(yǔ) ， 如 果 后 面 有 名 詞 或 代詞 作 賓 語(yǔ) ， 其 后 用 動(dòng) 詞 不 定 式 作 賓 語(yǔ) 補(bǔ) 足 語(yǔ) 。 如 ：We dont allow smoking here. We dont allow students to smoke. 1.Sorry, we dont allow _ in the lecture room. A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoking D. to smoking2. . They dont permit _
9、 noise her. A. to make B. make C. making D. made3. The sentence wants _ once more. A. to explain B. explaining C. being explained D. to be explained it4. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch Exercises 4. 作 定 語(yǔ) The girl standing there i
10、s my sister . This is a piece of _ (surprise) news . The problem_ (discuss) now is very important. The farmers _ (work) in the fields are tired .surprising being discussed working 5. 作 狀 語(yǔ) Hearing the good news , he jumped with joy . He sat at the table , _ ( read ) China Daily . _ (ask) to answer t
11、he question, she couldnt refuse. _ ( work ) hard , you will succeed . readingWorkingBeing asked 6. 作 賓 語(yǔ) 補(bǔ) 足 語(yǔ) : I saw people coming and going in the street . I heard her _ (sing) a song in her room. Youll find the topic _ (discuss) everywhere now. being discussedsinging 7.- Ving 一 般 時(shí) 和 一 般 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng)
12、 形 式 ;1) He hurried home , looking behind from time to time . 2) The building being repaired is our dormitory . - Ving 的 完 成 時(shí) 和 完 成 時(shí) 的 被 動(dòng) 形 式1) Having lit a candle , she went out.2) Having been asked to stay , I couldnt leave .3) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction . Practi
13、ce1. - What made Bill so angry? - _. H is girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet. A. H aving kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waited 2. The building _ in our school is for us teachers. Though theres noise most of the day, we still feel happ
14、y about it. A. built B. having been built C. to be built D. being built 3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 4. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuaded B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 5. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises. A. H aving taught B. H aving been taught C. taught D. Teaching 6. _ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. H aving been told B . H a v i n g t o l d C. Been told D. Telling
新人教選修7 Unit3語(yǔ)法講解課件
