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1、英語句子七種基本成分英語句子有七種基本成分分別為：主語、謂語、賓語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)語和表語。這七種成分中，主語、謂語、賓語、表語及補(bǔ)語為句子主桿，定語、狀語為分枝，與漢語有點(diǎn)相近。漢語中沒有表語，因?yàn)闈h語中的名詞和形容詞是可以作謂語的，而英語中名詞與形容詞是不可以的，英語中的名詞和形容詞只能跟在連系動詞后作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于謂語。一主語：句子的主體，可以由名詞、代詞、非限定動詞（過去分詞除外）、相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的短語或從句(主語從句)來充當(dāng)。English is a language spoken all over the world.（名詞）I dont like the way yo
2、u speak. (代詞)To master a language is not as difficult as it is said.（非限定動詞短語）What he said made his friend unhappy.（從句）二謂語：主體的行為、動作或狀態(tài)，由限定動詞來充當(dāng)。情態(tài)動詞和助動詞不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成謂語，助動詞必須和主動詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，情態(tài)動詞要與不帶“to”的不定式一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語。The police finally found the missing boy.（單個(gè)動詞作謂語）I was doing my homework all day yesterday. (復(fù)合謂
3、語)You cant expect the world the way you want. (復(fù)合謂語)三賓語：主體行為動作的對象或內(nèi)容，可以由名詞、代詞、非限定動詞（過去分詞除外）、相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的短語或從句(賓語從句)來充當(dāng)。They are looking for a better way to cut down the cost. （名詞短語）Most children enjoy playing games. （非限定動詞短語）Can you tell me why you did not come to school yesterday? （從句）四定語：對句中的名詞或代詞起修飾
4、或限定作用，由名詞、形容詞、非限定動詞、短語或從句（定語從句）來充當(dāng)。We have more boy students than girl students in our class. （名詞）Dolphin is one of the most beautiful creatures under water. （形容詞）A doctor from Beijing will be arriving tomorrow.（介詞短語）So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.（過去分詞短語）I still remem
5、ber the days when I lived in the countryside with my grandparents. (定語從句)五狀語：對句子中的動詞、形容詞、副詞乃至整個(gè)句子起修飾作用表明事物的狀態(tài)或邏輯關(guān)系，可以由副詞、非限定動詞、短語或從句（狀語從句）充當(dāng)。Sound travels much faster than an airplane but light travels even faster than sound. (修飾動詞和副詞)She is extremely beautiful in this dress.（修飾形容詞）When I was young
6、I used to read fairy tales.（修飾句子）六補(bǔ)語：對句中的賓語起補(bǔ)充說明作用，也叫賓語補(bǔ)語，可以由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、非限定動詞或短語來充當(dāng)。We made him captain of our football team. （名詞）The workers found it impossible to finish the project in two weeks（形容詞）When she woke up at midnight she found the light still on. (副詞)Mary thought she hadnt made the st
7、udents understanding her clearly.（非限定動詞）七表語：用來說明主語的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，可以由名詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞、非限定動詞或短語及從句（表語從句）來充當(dāng)。Social networkings are available to all students in China today. （形容詞）A computer mouse is not a small animal that lives in buildings and open fields. （名詞短語）Seeing is believing. （非限定動詞）What she couldnt understand was why fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. （表語從句）3優(yōu)制教資z#
英語句子七種基本成分【中小教育】
