河南省2019中考英語復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題過關(guān) 專題十三 復(fù)合句課件.ppt

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,中,考,英,語,2019,第二部分 語法專題過關(guān),專題十三 復(fù)合句,CONTENTS,目 錄,PART 01 考情幫,PART 01 考情幫,命題點(diǎn),考情總結(jié),分析河南近10年中考真題可知,賓語從句為河南中考的高頻考點(diǎn),主要在單項(xiàng)選擇中考查,賓語從句的三要素:語序、時(shí)態(tài)、引導(dǎo)詞均有涉及;定語從句是河南中考的必考點(diǎn),主要考查that, which,who引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句;對(duì)狀語從句的考查都會(huì)與從屬連詞相結(jié)合,主要在狀語從句中考查從屬連詞的辨析及應(yīng)用。,命題點(diǎn),圖解語法,PART 02 考點(diǎn)幫,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,語序 賓語從句要用陳述語序,即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他“。陳述句作賓語從句時(shí),應(yīng)用原陳述語序;疑問句作賓語從句時(shí),原來的倒裝語序也要改為陳述語序。如: “She is a good student,“the teacher told us.=The teacher told us(that)she was a good student.老師告訴我們她是一個(gè)好學(xué)生。 Where does he live? Do you know?=Do you know where he lives?你知道他住在哪里嗎?,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,易失分點(diǎn) (1)“Whats wrong/the matter(with sb.)?“作賓語從句時(shí),其本身就是陳述語序。如: He asked me what was the matter with you. 他問我你怎么了。 (2)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由并列連詞and連接時(shí),除第一個(gè)從句中的that可省略外,其余從句中的that都不可省略。如: He said (that) the book was interesting and that all the children liked reading it. 他說這本書很有趣,并且所有孩子都喜歡讀。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,時(shí)態(tài),I dont know when he left last night. 我不知道昨晚他何時(shí)離開的。 Tell him when we will start. 告訴他我們將什么時(shí)候出發(fā)。,Alex said he would go to London. 亞歷克斯說他要去倫敦。 He didnt say where he had been before. 他沒有說他之前去過什么地方。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,My teacher said that the moon moves round the earth.我的老師說過月亮圍著地球轉(zhuǎn)。 Everyone knows that there are sixty minutes in an hour. 大家都知道一個(gè)小時(shí)有60分鐘。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,引導(dǎo)詞,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,考點(diǎn)4,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,考點(diǎn)4,提分速記 if/whether都可作賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞,意為“是否“,但以下幾種情況只能用whether: (1)賓語從句在介詞之后時(shí)。如: It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow. 這取決于明天是否會(huì)下雨。 (2)后面直接跟or not時(shí)。如: I dont know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他們是否會(huì)來。 (3)與動(dòng)詞不定式連用時(shí)。如: Check the prices before you decide whether to buy one. 在你決定是否要買一件物品之前,先查看一下價(jià)格。 (4)賓語從句提前,位于句首時(shí)。如: Whether they can come here on time, we dont know. 他們能否按時(shí)來這兒,我們不知道。 (5)用if會(huì)產(chǎn)生歧義時(shí)。如: Please tell me if you need help. 這句話有兩種意思:如果你需要幫助請(qǐng)告訴我。/請(qǐng)告訴我你是否需要幫助。若用whether只能表達(dá)第二種意思。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,考點(diǎn)4,得分巧記 whether和if的異同 二者選一表“是否“,if,whether均可用, whether跟在介詞后,小心if生歧義。 可說whether or not,卻無 if or not。 可說whether to do sth., if 則無此用法。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,賓語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,賓語從句的簡(jiǎn)化 當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同,且主句的謂語動(dòng)詞為remember, know, forget, learn, decide, choose, agree, ask, tell, show等時(shí),從句可簡(jiǎn)化為“(疑問詞)+動(dòng)詞不定式“結(jié)構(gòu)。如: We decided that we would help the old man.=We decided to help the old man. 我們決定幫助這位老人。 She has forgotten how she can open the window.=She has forgotten how to open the window. 她已經(jīng)忘記了如何才能打開窗戶。 賓語從句的否定前移 在賓語從句中,當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, expect等表示“認(rèn)為,猜想“的詞時(shí),若要否定賓語從句,一般將主句變成否定句,即“否定前移“。如: I think they will lose the match. 我認(rèn)為他們將會(huì)輸?shù)暨@場(chǎng)比賽。(變?yōu)榉穸ň? I dont think they will lose the match. 我認(rèn)為他們不會(huì)輸?shù)暨@場(chǎng)比賽。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,定語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞,引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞可分為關(guān)系代詞(that, which, who, whom, whose)和關(guān)系副詞(why, when, where)。 關(guān)系代詞的用法,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,定語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,關(guān)系副詞的用法,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,定語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法 1.只能用關(guān)系代詞that的情況: (1)當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞something, anything, everything, nothing, little, few, all, some, none, much等時(shí)。如: There is nothing that can stop him from doing it. 沒有任何事能夠阻止他做這件事。 (2)當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the last, the same等修飾時(shí)。如: This is the very necklace (that) you want. 這就是你想要的那條項(xiàng)鏈。 (3)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)或先行詞本身就是序數(shù)詞時(shí)。如: This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. 這是我看過的最好的電影。 (4)當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, every, each, few, no, some等修飾時(shí)。 如: All the presents (that) your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.生日那天你的朋友們送給你的所有禮物你都應(yīng)該收好。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,定語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,(5)當(dāng)定語從句的先行詞中既有人又有物時(shí)。如: They are talking of the designers and their works that interest them. 他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的設(shè)計(jì)師及他們的作品。 (6)當(dāng)定語從句的主句是由who或which引導(dǎo)的疑問句時(shí)。如: Who is the person that is standing by the window?站在窗戶旁邊的那個(gè)人是誰? 2.關(guān)系代詞的省略 一般情況下,that, which, whom在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略,但關(guān)系代詞which, whom在從句中作介詞賓語并且介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前時(shí),不可省略。如: I remember the day on which I saw you for the first time.我記得我第一次見你的那一天。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,狀語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo),在句中充當(dāng)狀語,按其用途主要分為時(shí)間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、目的狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和讓步狀語從句等。 1.狀語從句的分類和用法(講解見專題六 連詞 考點(diǎn)2) 2.主句和從句時(shí)態(tài)一致,You can get good grades if you study hard. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí),你就能取得好成績(jī)。,考點(diǎn)1,考點(diǎn)幫,狀語從句,考點(diǎn)2,考點(diǎn)3,If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will visit the Great Wall. 如果明天不下雨,我們將去游覽長(zhǎng)城。,Someone knocked at the door when we were having supper. 當(dāng)我們正在吃飯的時(shí)候,有人敲門。,