2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 名詞VS代詞教案.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語復(fù)習(xí) 名詞VS代詞教案名詞一、定義：一切物體的名稱二、分類，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)（主謂一致），所有格的用法(邊復(fù)習(xí)邊講)分類：專有名詞和普通名詞 專有名詞 人名 地名 某些人和事物專有的名詞Bill Gates UGG 普通名詞 boot數(shù) 系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí) 1. 規(guī)則名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化:（1）一般的詞，包括元音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，直接在詞尾加s（2）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh結(jié)尾的詞在詞尾加es（3）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞，變y為i再加es（4）以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，應(yīng)變f或fe為v再加-es2. 不規(guī)則名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化:（1）單復(fù)數(shù)同形:Sheep, deer, fish, means, （2）改變字母：Man -men, woman -women, （3）增加字母: Child -children, ox oxen（4）以o結(jié)尾的詞：加s: Photo, piano, 加es: Tomato, potato, hero, （5）以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞: 直接加s：roof, proof, belief, 變f為v再加es：Life, wife, 主謂一致 (是一個(gè)專題，以后再講)所有格的用法s屬格; of屬格; 雙重屬格; 表示“某人自己的”的屬格 s屬格：只用于表示有生命的人或物的名詞Harrys cousin（單數(shù)）the students college（復(fù)數(shù)）Harry and Dudleys house（共同擁有）Harrys and Dudleys rooms（分別擁有）of屬格： 多用于無生命現(xiàn)象的名詞， 也可用于有生命現(xiàn)象的名詞； king of Pop流行之王Michael Jacksona picture of Harry 哈利（本人）的照片a picture of Harrys 哈利（擁有的照片中的）一張照片雙重屬格： 結(jié)構(gòu)：s（所有）和of（部分與整體）Eg a magic stick of Harrys表示“某人自己的”的屬格: 結(jié)構(gòu)：of ones own 例如：This is the magic stick of my own.三、名詞的作用作主語（句首）結(jié)構(gòu)：n+v 作表語（句尾）結(jié)構(gòu)：be/系動(dòng)詞+n作賓語或賓補(bǔ)（對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充說明）結(jié)構(gòu)：v+n;n+n作定語結(jié)構(gòu)：n+nSnow boots名詞作定語時(shí), 通常用單數(shù)形式;但在個(gè)別情況下也有用復(fù)數(shù)的.City streets(地點(diǎn))A roof garden（地點(diǎn)）Winter holidays（時(shí)間）A peace conference（目的或用途）A love story（種類）Stone walls（原料或來源）man doctormen doctors 男醫(yī)生woman singerwomen singers 女歌手作狀語(放在句尾)作同位語結(jié)構(gòu)：N (,) +n (,); pron. +nThe boy is Harry Potter.(主語) （表語）He has a magic stick. （定語）He made the college his home. （賓語） （賓補(bǔ)）Demon Voldemort came to kill him one day.（狀語）Harry potter, our hero, killed Voldemort. (同位語)We students should learn from him.（同位語）代詞一、 定義：除了可以代替名詞外，也可代替其他詞的詞二、 分類 人稱代詞 主格和賓格 我你他她它（單復(fù)）物主代詞 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱人稱代詞主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey賓格meyouhim her itusyouthem指示代詞 this that these those反身代詞 help oneself to隨便吃用相互代詞 each other we can see each other不定代詞 三、 代詞的用法之指示代詞、不定代詞和it指示代詞this，that，these，those1) This(這)和these（這些）前面講過的 that（那）和those（那些）下面即將講的 I want this book, not that book.These flowers those flowers She told me that story.I want to tell you this story.3)在比較句型中,that （單數(shù)）/those（復(fù)數(shù)）常用來代表前面提到的東西，以避免重復(fù)這個(gè)名詞 The weather of Australia is quite different from that of ChinaThese machines are better than those we turned out last year. 練習(xí)：38.The factorys output of cars this year is (大約是去年的三倍).(as, great) （湖北08年）.About three times as great as that of last year Equipped with modern facilities, todays libraries differ greatly from _. A. the past one B. the past C. which of the past D. those of the past 5D考查代詞的用法。此處those相當(dāng)于the libraries，those用于比較句型，有后置定語of the past。故選D。不定代詞（分組）（題目）1、 one(s);The one(s)(同類)無“the”泛指；有“the”特指練習(xí)：I have lost my phone, Im going to buy one. I have a new phone and several old ones.There are five kinds of phone. The one in red is my favorite.There are many phones . The ones in red I like the best.總結(jié)：one指上文的單數(shù)人或物，“同一類中的一個(gè)”。 the one 指上文的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，“同類的那/這一個(gè)。” ones指上文的復(fù)數(shù)人或物，“同類中的許多”。the ones指上文的復(fù)可名,“同類中的那/這一些”。2 、兩者三者肯定Eachbotheveryall否定Eitherneitheranynoneevery 全體的，each個(gè)體both (兩者都)，either (兩者中任何一個(gè))， neither (兩者都不)注意 both與復(fù)數(shù)連用，either與單數(shù)連用Both of them are tall.Either of the two is tall.Neither of the two is tall.Every student in our school works hard. Each student may have one book.all (所有的，全部的人或物)，any (任何一個(gè))， none (都不) All the flowers are gone. I dont like any of the flowers. I like none of the flowers.On which day shall we go outing in the Qiagling Mountains, Friday, Saturday or Sunday? is all right.AEither BBoth CAll DAny Both of the sofas they ordered online arrived, but fit through the doorway.AnoneBnorCneitherDeither2、 another / other / the other / others / the others無“the”泛指，有“the”特指another泛指“另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”，others泛指“別人或別的物”，other(+單可名)指其他的，另外的the other(+單可名)特指兩者中的另一個(gè),the others指在某些人或物中，除去一部分后，“其余的”“剩下的”人或物。Eg Tomorrow is another day.Shut the other eye, please. 檢查視力Other people Others may not think that way. 別的人可能不這樣想。 You are beautiful than the others the other students in our class. 4、few, little, a few, a little,(a) few + 可名, (a) little + 不可名a few / a little 肯定，還有一點(diǎn)few / little否定，沒有多少了。 Eg He has a few friends.他有幾個(gè)朋友。 He has few friends. 他幾乎沒有朋友。 We still have a little time. 我們還有點(diǎn)時(shí)間。 There is little time left.幾乎沒剩下什么時(shí)間了。Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes. A. little B. fewC. a little D. a few5、every-, some-,any-,no-與thing,-one,-body構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞something 肯 anything 否 疑 條 everything 肯 疑 否（部分）nothing 陳述句 表否定 不能與否定詞連用eg There is something wrong with my puter. could you do something for me？ There isnt anything inside. I hope everything goes well. Money isnt everything. He said nothing when he heard the news.75.After she pletes the project, shell have _（沒什么要擔(dān)心的）.(worry)（10）nothing to worry about/no more worriesIt的用法 用作人稱代詞，指代前文或后文提過的事物This is not my book, it is Marys. 代替指示代詞this或that Whats this? Its a dictionary 指時(shí)間，距離，天氣 Whats the time now? Its ten. 指代整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容 Our team won the football match .Have you heard about it?