高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專練 專題七 名詞性從句課件 外研版

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1、專題七名詞性從句考向分析考向分析名詞性從句包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。高考對名詞性從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在對what,that,whether,whatever,whichev-er,when,where,how等引導(dǎo)詞的考查上,其中what和that是考查的重點(diǎn)。考點(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)清單一、主語從句一、主語從句單句填空單句填空1.Every year, whoever makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.答案答案whoever句意:每年,在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上,制作出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人會(huì)贏得一份獎(jiǎng)品。

2、設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,從句中缺少主語成分,且表示“無論誰”,故填whoever。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.Your support is important to our work. Whatever you can do helps. 答案答案Whatever句意:你的支持對我們的工作很重要。你做的任何事情都有幫助。本題考查主語從句?！?you can do”為主語從句,該從句缺少賓語,且表示“任何事情”,故答案為Whatever(相當(dāng)于Any-thing that)。 3.It is often the case that anything is possible for those who ha

3、ng on to hope. 答案答案that 句意:對于那些總是不放棄希望的人來說,發(fā)生任何事情都是有可能的,這是很常見的?？疾橹髡Z從句。本句中it為形式主語,“ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope”為真正的主語;該從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,故由that引導(dǎo)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.It is obvious to the students what they should get well prepared for their future. whatthat 答案答案whatthat在題干中,it為形式主語,真正的主語為students之

4、后的主語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導(dǎo)詞,what應(yīng)改為that。1.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞:that,if,whether等;連接代詞what,which,whom,who,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever等;連接副詞when,where,why,how等。2.主語從句常位于謂語動(dòng)詞之前,但是有時(shí)為了保持句子平衡,會(huì)使用it作為形式主語,而把真正的主語放在后面,常見的有:It+be+名詞+that從句(如It is a fact/pity/shame/surprise that.;It is no wonder that.);It+b

5、e+形容詞+that從句(如:It is clear/important/necessary/obvious/pos-sible/strange that.;It is known to all that.);It+be+過去分詞+that從句(如It is believed/reported/said/suggested/thought that.);It+特殊動(dòng)詞+that從句(如It happens that.;It occurred to sb. that.;It doesnt matter how/whether/what.)。用法精講用法精講二、賓語從句二、賓語從句單句填空單句填空

6、1.She asked me whether/if I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt.答案答案whether/if句意:她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館,我承認(rèn)我還沒有歸還。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,根據(jù)句意可知該賓語從句要用whether/if引導(dǎo)。2.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of what it used to charge.答案答案what句意:我們選擇這家賓館是

7、因?yàn)檫@里住一晚上的價(jià)格降到了20美元,(20美元)是其過去收費(fèi)的一半。本題考查賓語從句。逗號(hào)后面是$20的同位語,charge后面缺少賓語,故用what引導(dǎo)。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用3.Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.答案答案where句意:Jane在綠樹成蔭的街道上漫無目的地走著,不知道她要去哪里。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語,故用where引導(dǎo)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.After arriving at school, I discussed with som

8、e classmates that we could do. thatwhat 答案答案thatwhat句意:到達(dá)學(xué)校后,我和一些同學(xué)討論我們能做點(diǎn)什么。 “that we could do”為賓語從句,該從句缺少賓語,且表示“物”,故用what而不是that引導(dǎo)。賓語從句往往位于動(dòng)詞、介詞或某些形容詞之后,其常用句式有:主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語從句;主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+賓語從句;主語+動(dòng)詞短語+賓語從句;主語+be+形容詞+賓語從句。此外,it充當(dāng)形式賓語,而真正的賓語為賓語從句的常用句式有:主語+think/believe/make/find/consider/feel+it+adj./

9、n.+賓語從句;主語+enjoy/hate/love/like/dislike/appreciate/prefer+it+賓語從句;主語+see to/look to/insist on/stick to/depend on/answer for+it+賓語從句;主語+動(dòng)詞+it+介詞(短語)+賓語從句(如:take it for granted that.想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為;owe it to sb. that.把歸功于)。用法精講用法精講三、表語從句三、表語從句單句填空單句填空1.(2015安徽)A ship in harbor is safe,but thats not what ships

10、are built for.答案答案what“ ships are built for”為表語從句,該從句中缺少賓語且表示“事物”,故答案為what。2.(2017遼寧葫蘆島六校協(xié)作體考試)Thats why it is good to eat fruit and vegetables.答案答案why句意:那就是食用水果和蔬菜有好處的原因?！癟hat is why.”(那就是的原因)是固定句型。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)3.I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is that he never fin-ishes anyt

11、hing. thatwhy 答案答案thatwhywhich is之后為表語從句,引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作狀語,結(jié)合語境“那就是他一事無成的原因”可知,that應(yīng)改為why。表語從句指的是在句中作表語的從句,常位于系動(dòng)詞之后,其常用句式有:主語+be動(dòng)詞+表語從句;主語+appear/look/remain/seem/smell/taste+表語從句。用法精講用法精講四、同位語從句四、同位語從句單句填空單句填空1.The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assis-tant. There is too much work

12、to do. 答案答案that 句意:經(jīng)理提出一個(gè)建議,我們應(yīng)該有個(gè)助手。有太多的工作要做。本題考查同位語從句。“ we should have an assistant”為同位語從句,說明suggestion的內(nèi)容,用that引導(dǎo)該同位語從句。that只起連接作用,不作成分。語境運(yùn)用語境運(yùn)用2.Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?Yeah,but I have no idea why he did it;thats one of his favorite uni-versities.答案答案

13、why句意:邁克昨天拒絕了耶魯大學(xué)給他的錄取機(jī)會(huì),這是真的嗎?是的,但是我不知道他為什么會(huì)這樣做,那可是他最喜歡的大學(xué)之一。根據(jù)句意填why。why引導(dǎo)同位語從句。3.A warm thought suddenly came to me that I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday.答案答案that句意:我突然有了一個(gè)很溫馨的想法,我可以為我朋友的媽媽六十大壽買些鮮花。本題考查同位語從句?！?I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birth

14、day”作a warm thought的同位語。該從句不缺任何成分,故用that引導(dǎo)。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)4.The notice came around two in the afternoon which the meeting would be postponed. whichthat 答案答案whichthat在題干中,afternoon之后為notice的具體內(nèi)容,即同位語從句,從句中不缺少句子成分,且句意完整,故用that作為引導(dǎo)詞。同位語從句常位于某些名詞之后,其引導(dǎo)詞最常用的是that。常跟同位語從句的名詞有:belief,chance,conclusion,demand,desi

15、re,discovery,doubt,evidence,explanation,fact,fear,feeling,hope,idea,news,notice,possibility,problem,promise, report,reply,request,sign,statement,theory,thought,truth,view,warning,wish,word等。為保持句子平衡,主語的同位語從句往往不緊跟其后,而是放在后面,從而形成了分隔式同位語從句,而作賓語或表語的名詞與其同位語從句之間有插入語、狀語或后置定語等修飾成分時(shí),也會(huì)形成分隔式同位語從句。例如: Danby left

16、 word with my secretary that he would call again in the afternoon. Danby給我的秘書留言,他下午會(huì)再打電話的。用法精講用法精講技巧點(diǎn)撥技巧點(diǎn)撥對名詞性從句的考查從連接詞入手。首先要記住連接詞that,whether/if,as if/though,because,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever,when,where,why,how等,然后分析它們在從句中所作的成分和它們所引導(dǎo)的從句在整個(gè)句子中所作的成分。名詞性從句的解題思路:找出主句;辨別哪部分為名詞性從句;看名詞性從句缺什么成分,缺什么補(bǔ)什么,什么都不缺,用that。