2017-2018學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 1 Lifestyles Section Ⅳ Grammar教學(xué)案 北師大版必修1

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1、 Section Ⅳ Grammar 單元語法項(xiàng)目(一)——一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①What do you do at weekends? ②Do you often study at weekends? ③I often watch TV series, sport and news. ④I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family. ⑤Light travels faster than sound. ⑥The train leaves at 7 o’cl

2、ock tomorrow morning. ⑦We are learning English at the moment. ⑧Listen, she’s now complaining about her lunch. ⑨Brian Blakey is sitting on his sofa. ⑩Brian’s wife is working as a secretary. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)句①～⑥使用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；其謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成是：動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 (2)句⑦～⑩使用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；其謂語動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成是：動(dòng)詞-ing形式。 (3)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：at

3、_weekends,_often,_seldom等。 (4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：at_the_moment,_now等。 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (一)構(gòu)成和句式 肯定式：主語＋do/does或be(am, is, are)＋其他 否定式：主語＋do/does＋not或be(am, is, are)＋not＋其他 疑問式：Do/Does或Be(Am, Is, Are)＋主語＋其他 (二)用法 1．表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 常與often, always, usually, sometimes, every time/day/month/year ..., onc

4、e a day/month/year ..., now and then, at the weekend等時(shí)間狀語連用。 I leave home for school at 7 o’clock every morning. 我每天早晨七點(diǎn)鐘離開家去學(xué)校。 She often answers some personal e-mails at the weekend. 她經(jīng)常在周末回復(fù)一些私人郵件。 [即時(shí)演練1]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①On Monday mornings it usually takes (take) me an hour to drive to work a

5、lthough the actual distance is only 20 miles. ②We sometimes play (play) basketball after school. ③I always do (do) my homework on weekends. 2．表示主語目前所處的狀態(tài)、個(gè)性特征、能力等 I love to get together with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友在一起。 We have a very good relationship with the children. 我們與孩子們相處得非常融洽。 [即時(shí)演練2]

6、(1)單句語法填空 ①He likes (like) playing basketball while his brother loves (love) surfing the Internet. ②Ann writes (write) good English but does not speak well. (2)單句改錯(cuò) This machine didn’t work.It hasn’t worked for years. didn’t→doesn’t 3．表示客觀真理、客觀存在或科學(xué)事實(shí) The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。

7、 Two and four makes six. 二加四等于六。 [名師點(diǎn)津]　此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我上小學(xué)時(shí)就知道了地球圍繞太陽轉(zhuǎn)。 [即時(shí)演練3] (1)完成句子 ①The teacher told us all the live things on the earth depend_on_the_sun (依靠太陽)． ②My mother always tells u

8、s that failure_is_the_mother_of_success (失敗是成功之母)． (2)單句改錯(cuò) My geography teacher told us oceans covered more than 70 percent of the earth’s surface.covered→cover 4．表示將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃等預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，只限于go，come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin, take off等動(dòng)詞(詞組)。 The flight takes off at 2：30 every Wed

9、nesday and Friday. 飛機(jī)每星期三、五2：30起飛。 The film starts at 7 o’clock this morning. 這部電影于今天上午7點(diǎn)整開始。 [即時(shí)演練4]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①According to the timetable, the flight No.232 to Beijing leaves (leave) at 10：30 am. We’d better set out right now, or we’ll be late. ②The concert begins (begin) at 7：30 and ends

10、(end) at 9：30. ③The plane takes (take) off at 11：30 and arrives (arrive) in Shanghai at 1：20. 5．用于時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中 在由when, after, before, as soon as, the minute, until, if, unless, once, as long as, though, although等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來代替將來時(shí)，這時(shí)主句常用一般將來時(shí)。 If you work hard, you will succeed i

11、n passing the exam. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)通過這次考試。 We will go out for a walk as soon as the rain stops. 雨一停我們就出去散步。 [即時(shí)演練5]　完成句子 ①(2014·湖南高考改編)Whenever you buy_a_present (買禮物), you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view. ②(2014·大綱卷改編)Unless some extra money is_found (被找到), the theatre wil

12、l close. ③(2014·重慶高考改編)You’d better write down her phone number before you_forget_it (你忘掉它)． 二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (一)構(gòu)成和句式 肯定式：主語＋be(am, is, are)＋doing＋其他 否定式：主語＋be(am, is, are)＋not＋doing＋其他 疑問式：Be(Am, Is, Are)＋主語＋doing＋其他 (二)用法 1．表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài) 常與時(shí)間狀語now, right now, at the moment等連用，如果句子中出現(xiàn)提示語如lo

13、ok, listen, hurry (up)等也經(jīng)常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Don’t make any noise.The baby is sleeping now. 不要吵，孩子正在睡覺。 Look！He is flying a kite. 看！他正在放風(fēng)箏。 [即時(shí)演練6]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①(2014·北京高考改編) —Hi, let’s go skating. —Sorry, I’m busy right now. I am_filling (fill) in an application form for a new job. ②(2013·北京高考改編)Hurry

14、 up！Mark and Carol are_expecting (expect) us. ③Listen! Someone is_singing (sing) in the next room. 2．表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，但說話時(shí)動(dòng)作不一定進(jìn)行 常與時(shí)間狀語at present, these days, nowadays等連用。 How are you getting on with your study these days? 近來你的學(xué)習(xí)怎樣？ At present, scientists are looking for a cure for cancer. 目前，科學(xué)家們正

15、在尋找治愈癌癥的方法。 [即時(shí)演練7]　完成句子 ①We can’t move in; the house is_being_painted (正在被粉刷) at present. ②We are_eating_a_lot_of_seafood (吃很多海鮮) in Qingdao these days. ③He is_writing_a_novel (正在寫一部小說) nowadays. 3．表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作 常與always, forever, constantly, all the time等搭配使用，隱含說話人的贊揚(yáng)、喜好或厭惡等情緒。 She is alw

16、ays helping people.(贊揚(yáng)) 她總是樂于助人。 He is constantly talking loudly in public。(厭惡) 他總是在公共場(chǎng)合大聲說話。 [即時(shí)演練8]　完成句子 ①He is_always_complaining_about (老是抱怨) his work. ②He is_always_thinking_more_of_himself (總是為自己想得多) but little of others. 4．表示按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生的事 動(dòng)詞go, come, start, begin, move, win, leave, run

17、 out, take off, return等可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。 —Are you still very busy? —Yes, I am just finishing the report for the manager and it won’t take long. ——你還很忙嗎？ ——是的。我快要完成經(jīng)理的報(bào)告，它不會(huì)用多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了。 —Mr Harry, we want to hear what you think about the reform being carried out in our school. —OK, I am coming to that.

18、——哈里先生，我們想聽聽你對(duì)于我們學(xué)校正在實(shí)施的改革的意見。 ——好的，我正要講到(那個(gè)事情)。 [即時(shí)演練9]　完成句子 ①(2012·重慶高考改編)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are_running_out (快用完了). We must act immediately before there’s none left. ②I am_leaving_for_Shanghai (即將動(dòng)身去上海) the day after tomorrow but my uncle is_returning_from_abroad (要從國(guó)外回來

19、) tomorrow. ③He_is_coming_to_attend_your_birthday_party (他會(huì)來參加你的生日宴會(huì)) this afternoon. 5．表示由一種狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)入另一種狀態(tài)的漸進(jìn)過程 連系動(dòng)詞become, begin, turn, get, go等常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 Autumn is coming. It’s getting cooler and cooler. 秋天要來了，天氣越來越?jīng)隽恕? [即時(shí)演練10]　翻譯句子 ①樹葉在變紅。 The_leaves_are_turning_red. ②他開始想家了。 He_is_beginning_

20、to_miss_his_home. 6．下面四類動(dòng)詞不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài) (1)表示心理狀態(tài)、情態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：like, love, hate, care, remember, believe, want, mind, wish, agree, mean, need等。 He loves her very much. 他非常愛她。 (2)表示存在、占有與從屬的動(dòng)詞：appear, exist, lie, remain, seem, belong to, depend on等。 Look at the pride on Tom’s face.He seems to have been pra

21、ised by the manager just now. 看湯姆臉上驕傲的神情，他似乎剛才被經(jīng)理表揚(yáng)了。 (3)表示行為結(jié)果的動(dòng)詞：allow, accept, permit, promise, admit, complete等。 I accept your advice. 我接受你的勸告。 (4)表示感官的動(dòng)詞：see, hear, notice, feel, smell, sound, taste, look等。 I can hear a funny noise. 我能聽到一個(gè)古怪的聲響。 [即時(shí)演練11]　完成句子 ①Look! The car over there

22、belongs_to_me (屬于我)． ②She understands_you_better (更好的理解你) now after getting along with you more than two months. Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．The sun rises (rise) every morning from the east and sets (set) every evening in the west. 2．—Betty, where does the great noise come from? —A group of boys are_play

23、ing (play) football at the back of our house. 3．Hurry up, kids！The school bus is_waiting (wait) for us. 4．If nothing is_done (do), the oceans will turn into fish deserts. 5．—Can I borrow your car? —Sorry. It is_being_repaired (repair)． 6. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking i

24、n her dream. It somewhat bothers (bother) us. 7．Next Sunday many people are_coming (come)to my birthday party. 8．It often takes (take) him half an hour to finish his homework. 9．He’s lost his key again.He is always making (make) such mistakes. 10．I will discuss this matter with you when we meet

25、(meet) next time. Ⅱ.單句寫作(完成句子) 1．(2015·四川高考改編)When I speak English, I often feel_a_little_nervous (感到有點(diǎn)緊張). 2．(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ改編)The “Foreign Cultures” section in our newspaper is_very_popular among_us_students (在我們學(xué)生當(dāng)中很受歡迎)． 3．(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ改編)Since you are_interested_in_traditional_Chinese_cultures (對(duì)

26、傳統(tǒng)中國(guó)文化感興趣), I think this festival is_well_worth_experiencing (很值得去體驗(yàn)一下)． 4．(2015·陜西高考改編)As an outgoing girl, I get_along_well_with_my_classmates (與我的同學(xué)相處得很融洽)． 5．(2015·浙江高考改編)I usually express_my_opinion (表達(dá)我的觀點(diǎn)) at an appropriate time in appropriate ways to try to persuade others. 6．(2014·安徽高考改編

27、)I’m sorry to know that you’re_having_such_a_bad_time (你過得不好) at the moment. 7．(2014·天津高考改編)If you come to our school, you are_likely_to_meet_some_difficult problems (有可能會(huì)遇到一些難題) in your life. 8．(2014·上海高考改編)You say in your paper that you’re_thinking_about (你們正在考慮) removing a column from your pap

28、er to make room for a new one. 單元語法項(xiàng)目(二)——一般將來時(shí) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①I’ll put some warm water in the basin so you can wash your face. ②What is she going to do in Inner Mongolia? ③It is getting dark.It looks as if it is going to rain. ④I am to meet Mr Brown at eleven o’clock this morning. ⑤He is

29、coming to see you tomorrow. ⑥The train leaves at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning. ⑦Here comes the bus. ⑧If he comes, I will phone you first. ⑨The new school term begins after I arrive. ⑩The international climate conference begins at 10 o’clock tomorrow according to the timetable. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)句①謂語由wi

30、ll＋動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，用來表示單純的將來安排和打算；句②中be_going_to意為“打算”，說明主語的意圖，即將要做某事；句③中be_going_to表示已有跡象表明將發(fā)生某事。 (2)句④和句⑤謂語的構(gòu)成分別為：be＋動(dòng)詞不定式；be＋doing，表示計(jì)劃較強(qiáng)的將來動(dòng)作。 (3)句⑥、句⑦、句⑧謂語動(dòng)詞的共同特點(diǎn)是：用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 (4)句⑨、句⑩中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示不可改變的官方活動(dòng)或時(shí)間表。 　　 一、概念 一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，常用的時(shí)間副詞有：tomorrow, tomorr

31、ow morning, next＋時(shí)間(next Monday ..., next week, next month ..., next summer ..., next year)，in (the) future (將來), soon (不久之后), in＋時(shí)間[in five days (再過五天), in two weeks (再過兩星期)]等。 二、結(jié)構(gòu) 1．shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形 用來表示單純的將來的安排和打算(將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài))。在口語中，will用于所有人稱，書面語中第一人稱常用shall。 I’ll go and see her on Sunday

32、. 我星期天要去看她。 I shall/will graduate from the drama school next week. 我下個(gè)星期就要從戲劇學(xué)校畢業(yè)了。 [即時(shí)演練1]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①(2015·湖南高考改編)As you go through this book, you will_find (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience. ②(2015·安徽高考改編)It is reported tha

33、t a space station will_be_built (build) on the moon in years to come. ③(2015·四川高考改編)More expressways will_be_built (build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. ④(2014·北京高考改編)—What time is it? —I have no idea.But just a minute，I will_check (check) it for you. ⑤(2013·遼寧高考改編)We are confide

34、nt that the environment will_be_improved (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution. 2．be going to＋動(dòng)詞原形 用“be going to＋動(dòng)詞原形”來表示近期或事先考慮過的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作以及已有跡象表明必將發(fā)生某事，意為“打算；就要”。 (1)表示打算或按計(jì)劃、安排要做(發(fā)生)的事。 I am going to visit the volunteers this evening. 我打算今天晚上去拜訪那些志愿者們。 The TV play is going to b

35、e shown at 8：00 this evening. 這部電視劇將在今晚8點(diǎn)上演。 (2)表示根據(jù)某種跡象認(rèn)為在最近或?qū)硪l(fā)生的事。 Look at these clouds.It looks as if it is going to rain. 看看這些烏云，看起來要下雨了。 [即時(shí)演練2]　完成句子 ①Dr.Smith, together with his wife and daughters, is_going_to_visit_Beijing (打算去參觀北京) this summer. ②They are_going_to_hold_a_meeting (打算召

36、開一個(gè)會(huì)議) to discuss that thing this afternoon. ③The dark clouds are gathering as if it_is_going_to_rain (天要下雨了)． 3．be to＋動(dòng)詞原形 (1)表示預(yù)先安排好的計(jì)劃或約定。 President Xi Jinping is to visit that country next week. 習(xí)近平主席下周將訪問那個(gè)國(guó)家。 (2)表示說話人的意志、意圖、職責(zé)、命令、義務(wù)等。 All the questions are to be answered at once. 必須立刻回

37、答所有的問題。 (3)表示注定要發(fā)生的事情。 Your plan is to be a failure. 你的計(jì)劃注定要失敗。 [即時(shí)演練3]　完成句子 ①They are_to_meet_at_the_school__gate (將在學(xué)校門口見面)． ②No one is_to_leave_the_room (離開這個(gè)房間) without permission. ③You are_to_go_to_bed (要睡覺了) and keep quiet, kids. 4．be about to＋動(dòng)詞原形 表示客觀即將要發(fā)生或眼下馬上就要發(fā)生的事，一般不與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用。但

38、可以與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用，意為“正要做……，這時(shí)……”。 They are about to carry out the plan. 他們即將要實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 I was about to go to bed when the telephone rang. 我剛要上床睡覺，這時(shí)電話響了。 [即時(shí)演練4]　完成句子 ①She was_about_to_begin (正要開始), but Jennie spoke first. ②He was_about_to_leave_the_office (正要離開辦公室) when the telephone rang. 5．

39、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，往往表示計(jì)劃好或準(zhǔn)備要做的事，常用于一些表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的終止性動(dòng)詞，如go, come, leave, start, begin, arrive, take, take off, fly等，表示馬上要做某事。 He is leaving school in one year’s time. 他一年后就要畢業(yè)了。 Wait a minute.I’m coming. 等一會(huì)，我馬上就來。 [即時(shí)演練5]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①(2012·湖南高考改編)“The moment is_coming(come) soon，” he thought

40、to himself, waiting nervously. ②I am_taking (take) the kids to the zoo this Sunday. ③We are_leaving (leave) tomorrow morning. 6．一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來 (1)表示按照時(shí)刻表要發(fā)生的事情，這種用法主要指嚴(yán)格按照原定計(jì)劃、時(shí)刻表將要發(fā)生的事情。 The new library opens next month. 新圖書館下個(gè)月開放。 The sports meet takes place next week. 運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)下周舉行。 (2)在以when, whil

41、e, after, before, as soon as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和以if, unless, once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 I’ll go with you as soon as I finish my work. 一完成工作，我就和你一起去。 We will go shopping if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去購物。 [即時(shí)演練6]　用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①Do call me before you come (come) next time. ②Tom won’t attend the

42、 party unless he is_invited (invite)． ③Christmas falls (fall) on 25th December. ④If he comes (come), I’ll show him around our city. Ⅰ.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1．If he wins (win), I will inform you as soon as possible. 2．(2013·湖南高考改編)“What do you want to be？” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I will_be (be) presid

43、ent，” said the boy, with a smile. 3．When it comes (come) to the question, I will make no answer. 4．Her ship leaves (leave) at 7：40 pm, so she is_leaving (leave) home at 7：00. 5．I’ll give the book to him as soon as he comes (come) back. 6．I was about to_go (go) out when my boss came. 7．The mid-t

44、erm exam is_coming (come), and everyone is trying hard to study. 8．I shall_leave (leave) for Canada next Friday. Ⅱ.單句寫作(完成句子) 1．(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ改編)By organizing these cultural and social activities, I’m sure they_will_have_great_fun (他們將玩得很開心) and spend a meaningful day. 2．(2015·北京高考改編)I am writing to

45、 tell you that I_am_going_to_take_part_in (我打算參加) a Dragon Boat Training Camp this summer. 3．Last but not least, in this way, the_students_will_understand_the_spirit_of_teamwork (同學(xué)們將會(huì)理解團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的精神)． 4．(2015·天津高考改編) At the same time, we_are_going_to_bring_along_about_five hundred_books (我們打算帶去近五百本書)

46、with us for your class. 5．(2014·江西高考改編)In the next three years of your senior high school life, you_will_face more_and_more_challenges (你將會(huì)面臨越來越多的挑戰(zhàn))． 6．(2014·福建高考改編)I_was_about_to_give_up (我正要放棄) when my best friend encouraged me to go on. 7．(2014·福建高考改編)If you keep on trying, you_will_improve_your_maths (你將會(huì)提高你的數(shù)學(xué)水平)． 8．Worse still, if we spend too much time on phones, we_will_lose_the_communication skills (我們將失去交流技能) we need in the future. 12