2019-2020學年高中英語 Module 1 Small Talk Section Ⅱ Grammar教學案 外研版選修6

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1、Section Ⅱ　Grammar——need的基本用法 課前自主預習 [例句·體驗] 1．I've ordered some pizza, so we needn't worry about cooking when we get home tired. 我已經預訂了一些披薩餅，所以當我們到家感到累的時候就不必擔心做飯的事了。 2．I couldn't have enjoyed myself more—it was a perfect day. 我從沒有玩得這么開心過——真是完美的一天。 3．We needn't have bought so much food now

2、that Suzie won't be with us for dinner. 既然蘇西不和我們一起吃晚飯，我們本沒必要買這么多的食物。 4．There is no class on Sunday. You needn't have woken me up so early. 星期天不上課，你本不必這么早叫醒我的。 5．It was an informal party so I didn't need to wear a suit. 這不是個正式晚會，所以我沒有必要穿正裝。 6．I bought some fruits home but my wife had bought a l

3、ot of them, so I needn't have bought any. 我買了一些水果，但我的妻子已經買了很多，因此我本不必買的。 7．Need you have paid so much? 你用得著花那么多錢嗎？ 8．I didn't need to take the bus because I drove the car. 我沒必要乘公交車因為我開車了。 課堂合作探究 [語法·講座] 1．用作實義動詞，后可接名詞、代詞、不定式和動名詞，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。 Mark needs to learn Chinese since his company is

4、 opening a branch in Beijing. 馬克需要學習漢語，因為他的公司要在北京開一個分公司。 The doctor said he needed an operation. 醫(yī)生說他需要手術。 名師點津 當主語是表示“物”的名詞時，用作實義動詞的need后接動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義。need doing＝need to be done。 A dog needs taking out/to be taken out for a walk every day. 狗得每天帶出去遛。 2．用作情態(tài)動詞，后接動詞原形，常用于否定句和疑問句中。 You needn

5、't finish that work today. 你今天不必把那項工作做完。 Need he come here? 他有必要來嗎？ ★歸納·拓展 在回答帶有need的問句時，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn't 或don't have to。 —Need I finish the work before ten？我需要在10點前完成工作嗎？ —Yes, you must.是的，你必須。 —No, you needn't/don't have to.不，你不必。 3.didn't need to do和needn't have done didn't need

6、 to do表示過去沒必要做某事，實際上也沒做。needn't have done表示過去沒必要做某事，而實際上做了。 Mary's boyfriend drove to pick her up, so she didn't need to take a taxi. 瑪麗的男朋友開車去接她，因此她沒必要打出租了。 It was Sunday, so I didn't need to get up early. 因為是星期天，所以我沒必要早起。 You needn't have told him the news. He had already known it

7、. 你沒必要告訴他那個消息，他早已知道了。 I needn't have cooked so much food, but I didn't know nobody was hungry. 我本沒必要弄那么多吃的，但我當時不知道誰也不餓。 ★歸納·拓展 情態(tài)動詞＋have done的幾種形式及其意義： It must have rained last night, for the ground is still wet. 昨晚肯定下雨了，地面還是濕的。(對過去的肯定推測) I can't find my purse now. I might have le

8、ft it in the taxi. 我的錢包找不到了，我可能把它忘在出租車里了。(對過去的推測，也許/或許做了……) You couldn't have known about him ten years ago, when he was still unknown. 十年前你不可能了解他，那時他還不出名。(對過去的推測，不可能做過……) You could have used my car yesterday. I didn't use it. 你昨天本可以用我的汽車。我用不著它。(過去本來能做某事，但沒有做到) Oh, Mom! You needn't have prepar

9、ed so much food. Dad and Diana will not come back for supper. 哦，媽媽！你本不必做這么多飯。爸爸和戴安娜不回家吃晚飯了。(過去不必做但做了某事) [課堂·總結演練] 　用didn't need to或needn't have done改寫句子 1.Thank you for helping me—but it wasn't necessary. You________________________________________. 答案：needn't have helped me 2．I was worried t

10、hat no one would come to my birthday party but nearly 100 colleagues came. I________________________________________. 答案：needn't have worried that no one would come to my birthday party 3．I didn't buy flowers for the host family because my brother had already bought some. I______________________

11、__________________. 答案：didn't need to buy flowers for the host family 4．My friend stayed in a hotel for the week, but he could have stayed in my flat. My friend________________________________________. 答案：needn't have stayed in a hotel for the week Ⅱ　單句寫作 1．John went to the station with the ca

12、r to meet Mary, so she ____________________ (本來沒必要步行) back home. 答案：needn't have walked 2．I ____________________ (不必早起床) this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9 am. 答案：didn't need to get up early 3．You ____________________ (本不需要去) there yesterday. 答案：needn't have gone 4．Your clothes _________

13、___________ (需要洗了)． 答案：need washing/to be washed 5．You ____________________ (不必費神去問) Rick—I know he's too busy. 答案：needn't bother asking 演練通關提升 [夯實·基礎知識] Ⅰ　單句語法填空 1．He did not regret saying that but felt that he ________ (express) it differently. 答案：could have expressed 2．She ________ have

14、left school, for her bike is still here. 答案：couldn't 3．I got to the party at 6 pm, but there was no one there, so I ________ (arrive) so early. 答案：needn't have arrived 4．It was fine yesterday, so I didn't need ________ (take) the trouble to carry my raincoat with me. 答案：to take 5．Jenny _______

15、_ (hear) about the accident; otherwise, she wouldn't be in such low spirits. 答案：must have heard 6．When the foreign guest arrived, I found him speaking good Chinese. I ________ (translate) his speech into Chinese the night before. 答案：needn't have translated 7．—Can you imagine Mike finishing the t

16、ough job only in 2 hours? —He ________ (do) it all by himself. I dare say even three people can't do it in one day. 答案：couldn't have done 8．As it turned out to be a small house party, we ________ (dress) up so formally. 答案：needn't have dressed 9．—Jenny took the 8：00 bus to Shanghai this morning

17、. —Really? She ________ (take) the 9：00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train. 答案：could have taken 10．I didn't need ________ (go) to the bank just now—Mary lent me the money. 答案：to go Ⅱ　單句改錯 1．—Must I finish all the work before noon? —No, you mustn't. ______________

18、__________________________ 答案：mustn't→ needn't 2．I told my teacher what had happened and then he told me he had known it.I needn't had told him anything. ________________________________________ 答案：第三個had→have 3．My classmate spoke English well so I didn't need translate the conversation for he

19、r. ________________________________________ 答案：translate前加to 4．Need he to do this homework first? ________________________________________ 答案：去掉to 5．I need to cut the grass myself, for I knew my brother had done it. ________________________________________ 答案：need前加didn't Ⅲ　單句寫作 1．我們有許多面包，

20、因此我不需要再買一條了。 We had plenty of bread, so I ____________________ another loaf. 答案：didn't need to buy 2．你昨晚不必工作到這么晚，因為我們今天早晨仍然有時間。 You ____________________________________ as we still have time this morning. 答案：needn't have worked so late last night 3．你不必擔心他，因為他前天已經回來了。 You _____________________

21、_________， for he had got back the day before. 答案：needn't have been worried about him 4．Jane正在隔壁房間哭呢，你剛才不應該對她如此嚴厲。 Jane is crying in the next room. You ________________________________________. 答案：shouldn't have been so hard on her just now 5．昨晚我很想跟你一起去參加晚會，但是來了一位不速之客。 I ______________________

22、__________ last night but I had an unexpected guest. 答案：would like to have gone to the party with you [提升·實戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ　閱讀理解 One of the biggest problems when we are talking is the awkward silence. Encountering this situation is so uncomfortable that you would avoid meeting new people in the first plac

23、e, but there is a way to get around it. In the past, I struggled with this and I even thought it had to do with my DNA or something ... but I proved myself wrong when I learned how to solve it. Not knowing how to keep a conversation going can really harm your social life, but if you know how to keep

24、 those words flowing, you can meet and talk to anyone you like, which helps create great possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities that you would otherwise have missed out on. After studying this in depth, I had different opinions and found that one of these common behaviors is the ha

25、bit of filtering (過濾)—holding back from saying something until you've “checked” to make sure that what you're about to say is cool, impressive and interesting. Another problem is not learning to get in the mood for conversation. If you don't know how to change from subjects, then it can take a lot o

26、f time to warm up. It is the reflex (習慣性思維) that allows you to say whatever goes on in your mind. It's fun to realize that you're allowed to say whatever is in your mind. As long as you don't say anything that could land you in jail (監(jiān)獄)． All of the “Oh! That's interesting ...” “Hmm, I've never he

27、ard of that” “Hmm, cool！” expressions are reactionary (保守的) bits of conversation that prove to the other person that you're really listening. This works 99% of the time. So, if you show some interest, they'll hang around and want to talk to you even more. Everyone knows that stories juice-up_conver

28、sations,_but most people only talk about stories of their own lives. When someone mentions something related to any of them, just tell the story, even if it's not from your life. The more interesting, stranger or more frightening they are, the harder they are to forget. 篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章闡釋了避免談話時陷入尷尬

29、的沉默的辦法：我們要表達內心所想、談論聽者感興趣的話題和生動有趣的故事等。 1．If people can deal with the awkward silence, they can ________. A．train their working skill B．improve their life quality C．enrich their social life D．establish their working relationship 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據第一段中的“but if you know how to keep those words flowing,

30、 you can meet and talk to anyone you like, which helps create great possibilities for friendship, fun and shared activities”可知，如果在談話時能打破尷尬的沉默，知道說什么，怎么說，就能為幫助促進友誼、增加樂趣和一起活動創(chuàng)造巨大的可能性，可推知這樣就能豐富社交生活，故選C。 2．When talking with others, we should ________. A．feel nervous B．think twice C．be free to expres

31、s D．avoid breaking in 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據第三段前兩句可知，習慣性思維讓我們表達我們內心所想，意識到你可以說出你心里想說的話，這是很有趣的。所以可推知在和別人交流時我們應該自由表達，故選C。 3．According to the passage, what do the speakers care much about? A．The attractive topics of conversation. B．The atmosphere of the conversation. C．The listener's experiences and tastes.

32、 D．The listener's curiosity and concern. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，聽者的贊美之詞與他們表現(xiàn)出興趣和好奇心，是說話者最關心的，故選D。 4．What does the underlined part “juice-up conversations” mean? A．Making conversations more boring. B．Making conversations livelier. C．Making conversations smoother. D．Making conversations more relaxi

33、ng. 答案：B　詞義猜測題。根據最后一句“The more interesting, stranger or more frightening they are, the harder they are to forget.”可知故事越有趣、越奇異或越驚悚，聽者就越難忘記，這說明了故事內容在談話中的重要性。畫線詞語所在的句子指每個人都知道故事會讓對話變得生動有趣，可猜測“juice-up conversations”指讓對話變得生動有趣，故選B。 Ⅴ　七選五 Teenagers are especially likely to suffer loneliness. Here are s

34、ome suggestions for speeding a recovery from loneliness. Reach out to others, but start small. A smile and a friendly greeting for the student behind you in line at the cafeteria won't make you best friends. __1__ It also can make it easier to interact the next time. Find a safe place to make conn

35、ections. If going to the school dance makes you feel like you just don't belong, try joining a special-interest group. Maybe it's the drama club or the marching band. __2__ Find other ways of making connections. Lonely people hunger for acceptance and friendship. Sometimes feeling accepted and like

36、d comes more easily when you do something for others. __3__ Teach a child reading. Take notes for a disabled classmate. You might be surprised at the connections you make after reaching out to others in these ways. __4__ Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity

37、of friends. That's why it's important to know how to select a friend. The best friendships are those based on similar values and attitudes. You get what you expect, so expect the best. If you expect others to be friendly, you will behave in similar ways. __5__ It goes away as teens learn how to fi

38、nd their way through their social world and connect with others. A．But it will make you both feel pretty good. B．So consider becoming a volunteer. C．Some teens aren't so adaptable, however. D．Encourage people to be friendlier to you. E．Choose the right people. F．For most young people, loneline

39、ss is only temporary. G．Look for a group that allows you to ease gradually. 篇章導讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了應對孤獨的一些建議。 1．A　根據語境可知，空前一句和空后的“It also can make it easier to interact the next time.”存在邏輯上的轉折關系，所以A項“但是它將使你們都感到很好”符合語境。 2．G　根據上文“Find a safe place to make connections. If going to the school dance make

40、s you feel like you just don't belong, try joining a special-interest group.”可推知，作者建議找一個讓自己覺得舒服的團體，所以選G項。 3．B　根據上文“Sometimes feeling accepted and liked comes more easily when you do something for others.”可知，幫助他人會讓孤獨者更易被接納和喜歡。故B項“因此考慮做一名志愿者”銜接下文“Teach a child reading. Take notes for a disabled class

41、mate.”。 4．E　根據下文“Loneliness is an absence of quality friendships, not of a particular quantity of friends. That's why it's important to know how to select a friend.”可推知，選對朋友對孤獨者尤其重要，他們缺的不是特定數(shù)量的朋友，而是高質量的友誼，所以選E項。 5．F　由空后的“It goes away as teens learn how to find their way through their social world

42、and connect with others.”可推知，青少年的孤獨是暫時的，隨著他們學會如何通過社會閱歷找到自己的道路和與他人建立關系，孤獨就會不復存在，所以選F項。 Ⅵ　語法填空 In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, __1__ Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo.

43、 They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might __2__ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal __3__ (create) special designs. The Chinese have used ch

44、opsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, __4__ (use) twigs (樹枝) to remove it. Over time, __5__ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which __6__

45、(gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, __7__ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the __8__ (develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and __9__ (be) too violent for use at the table. Chopsticks

46、are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat __10__ their hands. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.and　2.be made　3.to create　4.using　5.as/when　6.gradually　7.who　8.development　9.were　10.with - 10 -