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1、專(zhuān)題1名詞與冠詞考點(diǎn)關(guān)注考點(diǎn)關(guān)注：1 名詞的詞義辨析 2 名詞作定語(yǔ) 3 名詞的數(shù)、格 4 抽象名詞具體化 5 名詞與冠詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞等的 搭配 6 固定搭配中的冠詞運(yùn)用熱點(diǎn)透視熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)1 1 名詞的數(shù)：分清不可數(shù)、可數(shù)名詞及其復(fù)數(shù)變化形式?？荚~匯：fun, news, weather- 不可數(shù)名詞; passer-by, grown-up- 復(fù)數(shù) passers-by, grown-ups; means, works(工廠，作品）-單復(fù)數(shù)同形； people, police, cattle - 只看作復(fù)數(shù)例題1. It is _ great fun to go camping in su
2、ch _ good weather. A. a; a B. /; a C. /; / D. a; /2. Some _ doctors are handing out health care booklets to the _. A. woman; passers-by B. women; passers-by C. woman; passer-bys D. women; passer-bys( c )( B)熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)2 2 名詞的格三種所有格形式: n.+s; of+n.; of+n.+s.?？键c(diǎn)：以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格只加“”;兩人共有所有格只在后一人后加“s”,如Tom and Mi
3、kes room;無(wú)生命的物體所有格- of + n.，如 the door of the room;雙重所有格-of+ n. +s,如 a friend of my fathers/ mine.例題1.- Whose room is this? - Its _ room.A.Toms and Johns B. Tom and Johns C. Tom and John D. Toms and John2. - Is this a book of your _? - No, it is somebody _.A.father; else B. fathers; else C. father;
4、elses D. fathers; elses( B )( D )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)3 3 名詞作定語(yǔ)名詞作定語(yǔ)在邏輯上表示中心詞的用途、材料、來(lái)源等，多用單數(shù)，個(gè)別可用復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)，如men doctors, women teachers.例題1. He broke his _ cup at the _ gate.A.coffees; school B. coffee; schools C. coffee; school D. coffees; schools2. I saw some _ students talking with their _ teachers on _ Day.A.gi
5、rl; women; Womens B. girls; women; WomenC. girl; woman; Womans D. girls; woman; Womens( C )( A )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)4 4 名詞詞義辨析考查近義詞、同義詞、近形詞在特定語(yǔ)境中的運(yùn)用。解題指導(dǎo)：做此類(lèi)題時(shí)，要注意使用“語(yǔ)境分析法”，即分析說(shuō)話人所處的語(yǔ)言情境，通過(guò)上下句意弄清此人要表達(dá)的意圖，對(duì)各個(gè)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行比較對(duì)照，確定最佳選項(xiàng)。當(dāng)然，對(duì)選項(xiàng)中各詞義的掌握是解題的必備條件。例題1.- You are always full of _. Can you tell me the secret? - Taking pl
6、enty of exercise every day. ( 2007. 福建 . 31 )A. power B. strength C. force D. energy2. I cant say which wine is best- Its a(n) _ of personal taste.A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety ( 2007. 山東 . 27 )（ D）（ C ）熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)5 5 名詞與其他詞的固定搭配常見(jiàn)的是名詞與冠詞、介詞及動(dòng)詞的搭配。例題1. Despite such a big difference in _ towards w
7、hat one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. ( 2007. 湖北 . 23)A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight2. It is said that dogs will keep you _ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.A. safety B. company C. house D. friend( C )( B )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)
8、6 6 抽象名詞具體化有些抽象名詞，在指具體的人或物時(shí)可轉(zhuǎn)化為可數(shù)名詞。?？荚~匯：surprise, failure, success, honour, danger, must等。例題1. We have every reason to believe that _ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _ success. ( 2007. 江蘇 . 21)A./; a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a2. Though we are now out of _ danger, the broken bridge is still _ gr
9、eat danger to car drivers.A. a; a B. /; / C. a; / D. /; a( C )( D )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)7 7 集合名詞（集體名詞）集合/體名詞若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體看作單數(shù)，若強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體看作復(fù)數(shù)。?？荚~匯：family, group, audience, class, team等。例題1. His family _ very big and all his family _ watching TV when I arrived.A.was; were B. was; was C. were; were D. were; was2. Our class _ talkin
10、g about the news That Class 3 _ won the first place.A. Is; has B. is; have C. are; have D. are; has( A )( D )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)8 8 一日三餐前是否加冠詞表示一日三餐的名詞前通常不加冠詞，如have breakfast, before supper等。但是，當(dāng)這類(lèi)名詞前有形容詞、分詞等修飾語(yǔ)時(shí)，則需加冠詞。例題1. _ walk is expected to last all day, so bring _ packed lunch. ( 2007.山東 .21)A.A; a B. The; /
11、 C. The; a D. A; /2. He treated me to _ lunch and it was _ wonderful lunch indeed.A. a; a B. /; a C. /; / D. a; /( C )( B )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)9 9 用于形容詞或分詞前的定冠詞有些形容詞或分詞前加定冠詞the表示一類(lèi)人，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)視為復(fù)數(shù)，如 the poor, the rich, the injured等。例題1. The rich _ to get happiness with money while the poor _ willing to get both.A.wants;
12、are B. wants; is C. want; are D. want; is2. The wounded in the battle _ sent to _ front hospital.A.was; a B. were; the C. was; the D. were; a( C )( B )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)1010 有無(wú)冠詞，含義不同有些名詞前，特別是用在短語(yǔ)中時(shí)，其前可以加冠詞，也可以不加，但含義不同。此類(lèi)詞若無(wú)冠詞，指“從事相關(guān)活動(dòng)”，若有冠詞，僅指動(dòng)作的去向或場(chǎng)所。例題1. George couldnt remember when he first met Mr. Anderson,
13、but he was sure it was _ Sunday because everybody was at _ church. ( 2007.重慶 . 24)A./; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; a2. -Who is in _ charge of the job? - Oh, I know. The job is in _ charge of Bob.A. /; the B. /; / C. a; the D. the; /( C )( A )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)1111 用于姓氏前的冠詞定冠詞用于姓氏復(fù)數(shù)前，表示夫婦二人或一家，不定冠詞用于姓氏前，表示“某個(gè)名叫.的人
14、”。例題- Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, Please?- Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village. ( 2007. 全國(guó) II .19 )A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /( B )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)1212 職務(wù)、頭銜之前有無(wú)冠詞職務(wù)、頭銜之前常不加冠詞，尤其是當(dāng)此名詞作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，但作主語(yǔ)時(shí)常加定冠詞。例題1. People of America made Bush _ president of the USA that time.A.
15、The B. a C. / D. an2. _ president of the USA is to visit China.A. The B. A C. An D. /( C )( A )熱點(diǎn)熱點(diǎn)1313 冠詞用于固定搭配固定搭配中的冠詞，定冠詞、不定冠詞皆有，不可互換，也不可遺落，需要同學(xué)們多積累。?？荚~匯：in a hurry, come to a stop, have a rest, all of a sudden, on the other hand 等。例題How about taking _ short break? I want to make _ call. ( 2007 . 四川 . 22)A.the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a( D )
高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題1 名詞與冠詞課件
