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1、第10講 名詞性從句 1. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _ the problem itself is. (2011湖南卷31) A. what B. that C. which D. why 【解析】選A??瞻滋幒缶渥尤北碚Z。因此不能選B。B中的that 只起引導作用,無實意。而該句選what既起了引導作用,又作了句子成分表語。 2. It is still under discussion _ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or
2、not. (2011重慶卷22)A. whether B. whenC. which D. where 【解析】選A。該句中it作形式主語,真正的主語是由whetheror not引導的從句。句意:是否這個舊車站該由現(xiàn)代賓館取代還在討論中??键c1.名詞性從句的種類及連接詞I want to be liked and loved for_I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 【解析】選C。what 引導的賓語從句作for 的賓語, what在從句中作am的表語。 名詞性從句具有名詞的功能,分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句四種。它由以下
3、三種連接詞引導: 1. 連詞: that, whether, if。 2. 連接代詞: who, whom, whose, which, what等。 3. 連接副詞: when, where, why, how等??键c2.連詞that的用法Keep in mind _ you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.A. that when B. that if C. if when D. when if 【解析】選B。that引導一個賓語從句,賓語從句中又有一個由if引導的條件狀語從句。 1. that引導名詞性從
4、句時既無詞義也不在從句中作任何成分。 2. that引導主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時一般不可省,引導賓語從句時??墒 5?, and連接兩個由that引導的賓語從句時,第一個that可省,第二個that不可省。 3. that從句一般不作介詞的賓語。但: in that “因為”, except / but that“除了”例外。 考點3.whether, if的用法 Its reported that Pakistan is considering _ to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US d
5、idnt inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (2011成都七中高三最后一套模擬卷) A. what B. how C. whether D. if 【解析】選C。在 whether后只能用不定式或后接or not,不能接if,即whether to do 或whether or not。 whether, if引導名詞性從句時,表示“是否”, 不在從句中作任何成分,二者??赏ㄓ?,但在下面幾種情況下一般只用whether: (1)引導主語從句。 (2)引導表語從句。 (3)引導同位語從句。 (4)在
6、動詞discuss之后。 (5)在介詞之后。 (6)后面緊跟or not。 (7)動詞不定式前??键c4.名詞性從句的語序 I really wonder _ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (山西太原五中2010 2011學年度第二學期月考4月) A. that it is what B. what it is that C. what is it that D. that is it what 【解析】選B??瞻滋帪橐毁e語從句作動詞wonder的賓語。而賓語從句是一個強調(diào)句,強調(diào)what。賓語從句要采用
7、陳述語序。 名詞性從句用陳述語序,為:連詞(+被修飾語)+主語+謂語。即主謂不倒裝。 考點5. what與that引導名詞性從句的區(qū)別例1:It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. (2011重慶卷34)A. Whose B. whatC. which D. that 【解析】選B。空白處作動詞 see 的賓語。賓語從句按順序為a new invention can be of what use to human life,疑問詞what前置。因此選B。
8、例2:Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. (2011天津卷13)A. what B. which C. that D. where 【解析】選C。that引導詞作名詞evidence的同位語從句引導詞。該詞只起引導作用,無實義,不可省略。 1. 在名詞性從句中,that只起連接主句和從句的作用,在從句中不充當任何成分,本身也沒有詞義,即從句中不缺少任何成分時用連詞that. 2. that在從句中作主語時通常用it作形式主語,而將that從句置于句末作真正的主語。但what不能
9、用it作形式主語。 3. that可引導同位語從句,但what不能。 考點6.由reason作主語時,表語從句的連接詞The reason why he cant go to school is _ he is ill. A. because B. why C. that D. which 【解析】選C。reason作主語時,其后的表語從句一般用連詞that。 reason作主語時,表語從句所用連詞為that, 一般不用because或why等。 考點7. that引導同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別例1:_ was known to all that William had broken his
10、promise _ he would never play computer games again. (2011湖南雅禮中學高三第8次月考卷) A. As; which B. As; that C. It; that D. What; that 【解析】選C。it作形式主語,第一個that后引導從句作真正主語。名詞promise后接that引導的同位語從句。對前一名詞內(nèi)容進一步補充說明。例2:Helping others is a habit, one _ you can learn even at an early age. (2011山東卷改編) A. it B. that C. what D. who 【解析】選B。one是a habit的同位語。作為定語從句的先行詞,后用which或 that作定語從句動詞learn的賓語。關系代詞作賓語也可省略。 that引導同位語從句時, that在從句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which來取代;that引導定語從句時, that須作主語、賓語或表語(作賓語時常可省), 且??捎脀hich來取代。