冀教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 3-5單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)

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1、3單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：some與any的用法我們用some或者any表示事物的數(shù)量。一、some與any的區(qū)別some常用在肯定句中，any常用于否定句和疑問句中。some和any作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。例如：There are _ boys playing games on the playground. 在操場(chǎng)上，有一些男孩正在玩游戲。They didnt have _ friends here. 他們?cè)谶@里沒有朋友。I have _ work to do today. 今天我有些工作要做。Have you got _ questions to ask? 你有問題要問嗎

2、？【注意】當(dāng)我們主動(dòng)提供幫助或要求時(shí)，在問句中我們可以用some。當(dāng)我們希望得到肯定的回答時(shí)，也可用some。例如：Would you like some coffee _ sugar? 你想要一些加糖的咖啡嗎？二、some與any的特殊用法 any用于肯定句，表示“任何”的意思。例如：You may take any of them. 你可以拿走它們中的_。 some用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前，表示“某個(gè)”。例如：Jack went to some place in England. 杰克去了英國(guó)_。some可以用在表示委婉請(qǐng)求或邀請(qǐng)的問句中。例如：Would you like some banan

3、as? 你想吃一些香蕉嗎？/ Could you give me some water? 你可以給我一些水嗎？3單元無(wú)縫對(duì)接考法1：考查詞義辨析1. (山東東營(yíng)) What _ will global warming (全球變暖) bring us? Scientists have given us a clear list.A. newsB. dangersC. coursesD. advantages2. (山西) Mrs. Li, will you be angry _ your students dont obey the rules in class? A little. But I

4、 will stop them in a friendly way.A. ifB. unlessC. thoughD. until3. (烏魯木齊) Excuse me, is this the right way to Childrens Park? Sorry, Im not sure. But it _ be.A. might B. must C. need D. can4. (呼和浩特) He invited some classmates to come to his party, but _ came.A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few考法2：考查

5、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞5. (四川南充) She used to _ a bus to school, but now she is used to _ to school.A. taking; walkC. taking; walkingB. take; walkD. take; walking考法3：考查單詞拼寫及短語(yǔ)運(yùn)用6. (湖北隨州) (根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子，每空一詞) He _ not answer questions in class, because he is afraid of _ mistakes. 他不敢在課堂上回答問題，因?yàn)樗ε鲁鲥e(cuò)。7. (四川廣元) (根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)里

6、所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) He is very _ (friend ) to others, so he has lots of friends there. 8. (湖北襄陽(yáng)) (根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的漢語(yǔ)提示，用句末括號(hào)內(nèi)的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子)I feel too nervous to open my mouth when I meet too many people. What shall I do?Be confident. Remember _(別怕在公眾面前講話).考法4：考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)9. (四川宜賓) Mike is _, but his brother is much _. A. heav

7、y; heavierB. heavy; heaviestC. heavier; heaviestD. heavier; the heaviest10. (湖南益陽(yáng)) Shes been to shanghai before, _? A. isnt she B. hasnt she C. has sheD. is she考法5：考查介詞搭配11. (湖北隨州) 它因成功幫助無(wú)家可歸的人重返正常生活而聞名。(根據(jù)所給漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子，每空一詞)It is famous _ its success in helping _ people return to a normal life.12. (哈爾

8、濱) The sweet smell of the flowers in the garden comes in _ the open window, making us feel in good mood (心情).A. on B. with C. throughD. across13. (廣州) I couldnt do it _ your great help. Thanks a lot! A. with B. without C. for D. to4單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句一、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的含義 由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或一個(gè)以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。在復(fù)合句中，作主句狀語(yǔ)的

9、句子叫作狀語(yǔ)從句。狀語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意思可分為很多種，if引導(dǎo)的句子在復(fù)合句中表示條件，作主句的條件狀語(yǔ)，因此稱為條件狀語(yǔ)從句。If you dont hurry, youll be late. _。_. 如果他來，請(qǐng)讓我知道。二、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句在句中的位置比較靈活，可以放在主句之前(這時(shí)要和主句用逗號(hào)隔開)，也可以放在主句的后面(不用逗號(hào))。條件狀語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：If +陳述句，主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(=主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+ if +陳述句)，意為“如果，就”。例如：If you ask him, he _. 如果你問他，他將會(huì)告訴你答案。I hope to visit her if

10、 Im free. 如果_，我希望去看望她。三、if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句與主句時(shí)態(tài)的一致性在復(fù)合句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)在一定程度上受到主句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)的制約，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中稱為時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)。1. 在含有條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)表將來。例如：If _ tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我將待在家里。If you study hard, you will _. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會(huì)通過這次考試。2. 如果主句含有must, may, can等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：If you _, you ma

11、y have an accident. 如果你開得太快，你可能會(huì)出事故。3. 如果主句是祈使句，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Dont go and play football if you dont finish your homework. 如果你沒有完成你的家庭作業(yè)，就不要去踢足球。Please _ if you have any questions. 如果你們有問題，請(qǐng)舉手。四、其他可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的詞條件狀語(yǔ)從句除用if引導(dǎo)外，還可以用unless(除非)，as / so long as(只要)等引導(dǎo)。例如：He will not leave unless it is fine to

12、morrow. 除非_，否則他不會(huì)離開。We should serve the people as / so long as we live. 只要_，我們就應(yīng)為人民服務(wù)。4單元中考無(wú)縫對(duì)接考法1：考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)1. (孝感市)“Food Safety” has become one of _ topics recently. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest2. (萊蕪市) It is _ for me to go shopping. There is a new supermarket near my home. A. difficult

13、B. important C. impossible D. convenient3. (十堰市)Could you please tell me _? Of course. Many people in Shiyan know it. A. where is Mount WudangB. how can I get to Wulong River C. what is Shennongjia famous for D. if there will be a new airport in Shiyan4. (蘇州市) The park is far away from here indeed.

14、Its about _ walk. A. a three hourB. a three hoursC. a three-hours D. a three-hour5. (四川省) We are planning to go for a picnic this weekend, but it _ the weather. A. keeps on B. puts on C. depends onD. comes on考法2：考查短語(yǔ)辨析6. (昆明市)We are supposed to _ a solution to stop people from looking down at their

15、mobile phones while driving cars. A. come up with B. come from C. come out D. come true7. (哈爾濱市) Our school is planning to _ a band to give the students a chance to show their musical talent. A. take up B. set up C. pick upD. put up考法3：考查詞義辨析8.(泉州市)Would you like some milk? No, thanks. I dont like i

16、t, _ I know its good for my health A. because B. though C. ifD. unless9. (綏化市) It will _ them several years to learn English well. A. cost B. take C. spendD. pay10. (連云港市)Would you please see the film with me tonight, Kate? Id love to, but Ive _ Lindas invitation to dinner. A. suffered B. earned C.

17、received D. accepted11. (杭州市) I believe youll make _ progress if you work harder.A. greater B. lessC. the greatest D. the least考法4：考查詞匯運(yùn)用wise below Africa invent express12. (嘉興市：用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空) The world changed faster after the _ of the computer.child; celebrate; reduce; show interest in; win an a

18、wardchat with; for free; go running; be proud of; take photos13. (連云港市：從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語(yǔ)并用其正確形式填空) _ the World Book Day, the book shop sold books at a discount on April 23rd.5單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)：that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句。其中在主句與從句之間有一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，請(qǐng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：一、引導(dǎo)詞that省略與否分以下兩種情況： 1. 可以省略連詞that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，只起連接主、從句的作用，它本身

19、無(wú)意義，在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中常省略。例如：He says (that) he is a teacher. 他說他是一名老師。 2. 不可以省略(1) 從句的主語(yǔ)是that時(shí)，that不省略。例如：We know that that is _. 我們知道那是一個(gè)有趣的故事。(2) that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中若再有復(fù)合句，that不能省略。例如：I think that if you have lost the library book, you must _. 我認(rèn)為如果你已把圖書館的書丟失了，你就必須賠償。(3)主、從句之間有插人語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不能省略。例如：It says here in th

20、e newspaper, that English is getting _. 報(bào)紙上寫著，英語(yǔ)正變得越來越重要。二、何時(shí)使用that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句？ that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，用于陳述一件事，即由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。例如：He says something. He is listening to the weather report. He says (that) he is listening to the weather report. 他說他 正在聽天氣預(yù)報(bào)。1. 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, hear, hope, wish, remember, forget, know, say, gu

21、ess等時(shí)，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：I hope (that) he will be fine soon. 我希望他很快_。 2. 主句由“連系動(dòng)詞+形容詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，常接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這類形容詞多表示感情，如happy, glad, pleased, sad, sure, afraid等。例如：Im _ (that) he cant come. 我恐怕他不能來了。三、that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句的其他用法：1. 語(yǔ)序不論什么情況下，賓語(yǔ)從句都要用陳述語(yǔ)序，即“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”。例如：Do you think? The radio is too noisy. (合并成主從

22、句) Do you think (that) the radio is too noisy? 你認(rèn)為收音機(jī)太吵嗎？ 2. 時(shí)態(tài)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句可以用符合句意要求的任一時(shí)態(tài)。例如：He says (that) they _ already. 他說他們已經(jīng)回來了。/ He tells me that he was _ 1985. 他告訴我他生于1985年。注意：如果主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式，如果從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言、警句、格言、諺語(yǔ)等，盡管主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：He said (that) he _ a

23、 new dictionary. 他說他買了本新詞典。I knew they _ studying English. 我知道他們正在學(xué)英語(yǔ)。Our teacher told us that light _ faster than sound. 我們的老師告訴我們，光比聲音傳播得快。He said that time _ life. 他說時(shí)間就是生命。5單元中考無(wú)縫對(duì)接考法1：考查詞匯運(yùn)用1. (四川樂山中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示，寫出空自處所缺單詞的正確形式) Jim wants to buy a new iPhone. It will _ (花費(fèi)) him more than 5000 yua

24、n.2. (四川宜賓中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子)這個(gè)MP4雖然最便宜，但是和其他幾個(gè)的質(zhì)量一樣好。This MP4 is the _, but it is as _ as other one.3. (湖北荊門中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思及句末括號(hào)內(nèi)所給的英語(yǔ)單詞完成句子)我想知道明天他會(huì)不會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)參加會(huì)議。_ hell come to the meeting on time tomorrow. (wonder)4. (山東煙臺(tái)中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子)我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他今天穿著一件最時(shí)髦的夾克。 I was _ that he wore a jacket in the latest _ today.5. (

25、山東濟(jì)寧中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示完成句子)Most foreign visitors are very _ (興趣) in Chinese traditional culture.6. (四川樂山中考：根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子)專家建議我們?cè)陟F霾天不要一直開著窗戶。 Experts advised us not to _ the windows _ all the time on hazy days. 考法2：考查詞形變化7. (甘肅平?jīng)鲋锌迹河美ㄌ?hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)You need hard work and luck if you want to achieve your dream

26、_ (successful).8. (甘肅蘭州中考：根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示寫出單詞)Ten people, _ (包含) a baby, were hurt in the crash.考法3：考查單詞拼寫9. (重慶中考) We should think of others if we want to _ them. A. get on well with B. hear of C. get ready for D. hear from考法4：考查詞義辨析10. (廣西南寧中考) The bell rang _ the teacher was explaining the experiment t

27、o the students. A. until B. before C. while D. after11. (浙江臺(tái)州中考) The fruits are _, because they were picked from the garden just now. A. fresh B. cheap C. big D. unhealthy12.(湖北武漢中考) May I have a look at your plan for the robot competition, Mr. Smith? Sorry, Mrs. Brown. Ive _ it at home. A. missed B

28、. forgotten C. left D. lost13. (湖北武漢中考) Hows Bob now?I heard the company _ him a very good job, but he turned it down. A. donated B. served C. offered D. introduced 14. (黑龍江綏化中考) _ in the room knew me, but I didnt know _.A. Every; himB. Everyone; themC. Every one; those考法5：考查固定搭配15. (山東煙臺(tái)中考) Why do

29、you speak in _ a loud voice?Because I want to make myself _ clearly. A. such; hear B. so; heard C. such; heardD. so; hear16. (湖北宜昌中考) Not only the young but also the old are getting interested _ WeChat (微信).They can communicate more freely. A. by B. about C. in D. for參考答案1. cost2. cheapest, good3. I wonder if4. surprised, fashion / style5. interested6. keep, open7. successfully8. including9-10. AC11-15. ACCBC16. C- 6 - 冀教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)Unit 3-5單元語(yǔ)法總結(jié)