(新課標(biāo))2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致(含解析)

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《(新課標(biāo))2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致(含解析)》由會(huì)員分享,可在線(xiàn)閱讀,更多相關(guān)《(新課標(biāo))2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題一 語(yǔ)法基礎(chǔ) 考點(diǎn)四 名詞和主謂一致(含解析)(16頁(yè)珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、考點(diǎn)四名詞和主謂一致限時(shí)25分鐘一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1Barber shops have been opened in most big hotels in foreign countries, guests can go to the _ (barber) to have a haircut directly 答案:barbers句意:國(guó)外大部分大的酒店都有理發(fā)店,客人可以直接去那里理發(fā)。the barbers 指“理發(fā)店”,故填barbers。 2The Smiths _ (have) their breakfast when the morning post came 答案:were hav

2、ing在表示姓氏的專(zhuān)有名詞詞尾加s,前面加the,表示一家人,當(dāng)這種形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,此處表示正在吃早餐,故填were having。 3In recent years, Chinese arts have won the _ (appreciate) of a lot of people outside China答案:appreciation句意:近年來(lái),中國(guó)藝術(shù)贏得了許多國(guó)外人士的欣賞。根據(jù)前面的the可知,后面使用名詞appreciation,表示欣賞。4It was the natural disaster, rather than human errors,

3、that _ (be) to blame for the death of so many innocent people答案:was句意:是自然災(zāi)害,而不是人為錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)對(duì)這么多無(wú)辜人的死亡負(fù)責(zé)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是“the natural disaster, rather than human errors”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)保持一致。帶有“rather than”的結(jié)構(gòu),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的名詞即the natural disaster保持一致,故填was。5Either you or one of your family members _ (be) to attend the school

4、 sports meeting tomorrow and cheer on your kids答案:is根據(jù)主語(yǔ)中的either or 可知,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取“就近原則”,與“one of your family members”保持一致,故填is。 6Jane realized her _ (ambitious) to become the first woman to run the 10,000 metres within 30 minutes答案:ambition句意:簡(jiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為第一個(gè)30分鐘內(nèi)跑完一萬(wàn)米的女子的抱負(fù)。根據(jù)前面的形容詞性物主代詞可知,后面跟名詞。ambition “野心,

5、雄心”。這里是指實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望。7Many young people plan to take _ (turn) to host parties in the coming holiday 答案:turns句意:很多年輕人打算在即將到來(lái)的假期中輪流舉行聚會(huì)。take turns to do sth是固定短語(yǔ),意為“輪流做某事”,故填turns。8The teacher asks all the students to make _ (prepare) for the English class 答案:preparations句意:老師要求所有的學(xué)生們?yōu)橛⒄Z(yǔ)課做準(zhǔn)備。make preparations

6、 for “為做準(zhǔn)備”,是固定短語(yǔ),故填preparations。9My friends and I ordered two teas and five _ (coffee) when we had lunch 答案:coffees句意:我和朋友們吃午飯的時(shí)候,點(diǎn)了兩杯茶和五杯咖啡。此處coffee和前面的tea的用法一樣,是可數(shù)名詞,表示幾杯茶或者咖啡,故填coffees。10We have to admit the fact that this experiment is a complete _ (fail) 答案:failure句意:我們不得不承認(rèn)這次實(shí)驗(yàn)徹底失敗了。根據(jù)空格前面的“a

7、 complete”可知,形容詞修飾后面的名詞,作定語(yǔ),故填failure。11The roofs of the rooms were covered with _ (leaf)答案:leaves句意:房子的屋頂上被樹(shù)葉覆蓋了。以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)有直接加s或變f或fe為v再加es的兩種形式。常見(jiàn)的要去掉f或fe加ves的詞有l(wèi)eaf, wife, life, knife, thief, half, self, shelf和wolf等。12Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment _ (be) not known 答

8、案:are前面的主語(yǔ)由兩個(gè)“疑問(wèn)詞不定式”構(gòu)成,表示兩個(gè)概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。故填are。13The knife and fork _ (be) on the table 答案:is主語(yǔ)中and連接兩個(gè)名詞,表示一個(gè)整體概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填is。 14So far, more than one answer _ (give) to the question 答案:has been given本句中“more than one單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ),意義表示“不止一個(gè)”,但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,且句中有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far提示,句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填has been given。15These

9、 deer _ (be) small compared with other species of deer 答案:aredeer單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同,但是此句中有these修飾,故填are。 16The teacher as well as the students who _ fond of football, _ playing together (be)答案:are; is句意:那位老師和喜歡足球的同學(xué)們正在一起踢足球?!皐ho _ fond of football”是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾the students,故第一空用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。A as well as B作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A保持一

10、致,故第二空用單數(shù)形式。17My family _ (be) wellknown in the region now答案:is句意:我的家現(xiàn)在在這個(gè)地區(qū)很有名氣。本句中family強(qiáng)調(diào)整體,且有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now,故填is。18Where did you two have your _ (stomach) examined?At our local hospital答案:stomachs句意:你們兩個(gè)在哪兒檢查的胃?在我們當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患裔t(yī)院。因?yàn)橹傅氖莾蓚€(gè)人的胃,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式;又因?yàn)榇藛卧~中ch的發(fā)音為/k/,所以變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí)要在后面加s。在英語(yǔ)中,以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)要在其后加

11、es,但是stomach除外。19The old couple are pleased with their three _ (soninlaw)答案:sonsinlaw句意:這對(duì)老夫婦對(duì)他們的三個(gè)女婿很滿(mǎn)意。合成名詞單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),有主體名詞時(shí)把主體名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)。例如:soninlawsonsinlaw, lookeronlookerson, passerbypassersby。20In our city, there are one million _ (grownup)答案:grownups句意:在我們這座城市,有一百萬(wàn)成年人。grownup “成年人”,為可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。在英

12、語(yǔ)中,合成詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí),如果沒(méi)有主體名詞,通常將最后一個(gè)詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),因此答案為grownups。21Our local government awards 5,000 dollars to four _ (woman) nurses and two _ (man) doctors答案:women; men句意:我們當(dāng)?shù)卣?,000美元獎(jiǎng)給了四名女護(hù)士和兩名男醫(yī)生。由man或woman作為第一部分而構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),將兩個(gè)部分皆變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式。22Learning hard _ (be) very important to us students now答案:is句意:現(xiàn)在努力學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)我們

13、學(xué)生很重要。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞/單個(gè)從句/to do不定式時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。23In fact, the innovation is just one move in a huge project to improve Chinese teachers housing _ (condition) in recent years答案:conditions句意:事實(shí)上,這項(xiàng)變革只是最近幾年提高中國(guó)教師住房條件的大項(xiàng)目中的一小步。根據(jù)句意可知,應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式conditions。condition的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示“(居住、工作等的)環(huán)境,條件”。24Water is valuable i

14、n the world but large amounts of water _ (be) wasted答案:are句意:在世界上水是很寶貴的,但是許多水被浪費(fèi)了?!癮mounts/quantities of不可數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。25A modern library is being built in our school so that we students will have _ (accessible) to good books答案:access句意:我們學(xué)校正在建設(shè)一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的圖書(shū)館,以便學(xué)生能夠讀到好書(shū)。access “接觸的機(jī)會(huì),使用權(quán)”;have acce

15、ss to固定詞組,意為“可使用;可獲得”,符合句意。故空格處填access。26Each man and each woman in the neighboring villages _ (have) a bad opinion of him, but he is spoken better of by the village leaders答案:has句意:鄰近村莊的每個(gè)人都對(duì)他印象不好,但是村領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對(duì)他的評(píng)價(jià)較高。“every and every ”,“each and each ”等結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式;且根據(jù)后面的is可知,句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故空格處應(yīng)填has。2

16、7Is everyone here?Not yet Look, there _ (come) a guest!答案:comes空格處所在句子為倒裝句,a guest作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式;此處敘述的是現(xiàn)在的事實(shí),所以句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故空格處應(yīng)填comes。28Its said that a singer and TV star _ (be) coming to give us a wonderful performance next Saturday答案:is句意:據(jù)說(shuō)一位歌唱家兼電視明星下星期六要來(lái)給我們做精彩的表演。and連接兩個(gè)名詞,但共用一個(gè)冠詞指同一人或者同一事物時(shí),句子的謂

17、語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。故答案為is。29The head teacher, together with his students, _ (be) planning to post the winning poems on the Campus Network答案:is主語(yǔ)后接由with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。故空格處應(yīng)填is。30The factory used

18、65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ (be) saved for other purposes答案:were句意:這家工廠(chǎng)使用了65%的原材料,其余的節(jié)省下來(lái)以作他用。后半句中的the rest of which中的which指的是raw materials,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);再結(jié)合主句中的時(shí)態(tài)可判斷,正確答案為were。二、單句改錯(cuò)1“Thank you” mean you appreciate what someone has done for you, no matter how small it is _答案:me

19、anmeans本句中的主語(yǔ)是Thank you短語(yǔ),表示單數(shù)意義,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故將mean改為means。 2I managed to climb out, but much to my shocking, one of my boys was missing _答案:shockingshock此處為“to ones抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),shocking是一個(gè)形容詞,故將shocking改為shock。 3I have heard that English volunteers is wanted in the summer vacation _答案:isare根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)English v

20、olunteers表示復(fù)數(shù)意義可知,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),故將is改為are。4We were very happy to help each other and have lots of funs _答案:funsfunfun是一個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,故將funs改為fun。 5I come from New York and is having an enjoyable time in Beijing _答案:isam句子的主語(yǔ)為I,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與I保持一致,故將is改為am。6In order to keep healthy, you have to refuse a variety of

21、 delicious snack and junk food _答案:snacksnackssnack是一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)前面的a variety of “大量的”可知,后用復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故將snack改為snacks。7Im one of the students who works hard in English and have won several prizes in some English contests _答案:workswork定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與前面的先行詞保持一致,即與the students保持一致,故改為復(fù)數(shù)形式。8More than one worker have b

22、een sent to the training center to improve their working skills in the past three years_答案:havehas句意:在過(guò)去的三年中,不止一個(gè)工人被送到培訓(xùn)中心去提高他們的工作技能。more than one “不止一個(gè)”,從意義上講它表示復(fù)數(shù),但作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用單數(shù)。9A recent survey shows that the number of children who come from the countryside with their parents are nearly 320,000 in

23、 Beijing_答案:areis句意:最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明,在北京和父母一起從農(nóng)村來(lái)的孩子的數(shù)量將近320,000?!皌he number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);而“a number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。10The computer system crashed and I lost three hours worth of work_答案:hourshours句意:電腦系統(tǒng)癱瘓了,我三個(gè)小時(shí)做的工作都白費(fèi)了。三個(gè)小時(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)概念,因此hour應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。以s結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)的所有格形式直接加即可。11On the contrary, I think it

24、is Truman, rather than you, are to blame_答案:areis當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是介詞with, together with, along with, as well as, like, but, rather than, including等連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與第一個(gè)名詞或代詞的數(shù)保持一致。12However, the grass under our foot is green enough_答案:footfeet由修飾語(yǔ)our可知,foot應(yīng)改為其復(fù)數(shù)形式,foot的復(fù)數(shù)形式為不規(guī)則變化,即feet。13Bill was standing at th

25、e side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it_答案:第二個(gè)waswere因先行詞two men是復(fù)數(shù)概念,所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。14In the last 25 years, the population of Singapore have doubled to more than five million_答案:havehas句意:在過(guò)去的25年里,新加坡的人口翻了一番,達(dá)到500多萬(wàn)人。此處的population為集合名詞,可以看成一個(gè)整體,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。15Each stude

26、nt should make good preparation for the College Entrance Examination_答案:preparationpreparationspreparation意為“準(zhǔn)備工作,籌備工作”時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞;make preparations for “為做準(zhǔn)備”,固定搭配。名詞一、單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式的規(guī)則1規(guī)則變化一般情況下,在詞尾直接加s;以s, x, sh, ch(ch發(fā)音為t時(shí))結(jié)尾的在詞尾加es;以輔音字母y結(jié)尾的,把y變成i,再加es;以f或fe結(jié)尾的多數(shù)變f或fe為v再加es。2不規(guī)則變化(1)變內(nèi)部元音footfeet 腳 m

27、anmen 男人womanwomen 女人 toothteeth 牙goosegeese 鵝 gentlemangentlemen 紳士(2)單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞sheep 綿羊 deer 鹿Chinese 中國(guó)人 Japanese 日本人Swiss 瑞士人 means 方法series 系列 species 種類(lèi)works 工廠(chǎng) head 頭(量詞)(3)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞clothes 衣服 glasses 眼鏡chopsticks 筷子 trousers 褲子 goods 商品;貨物 contents 目錄sands 沙灘 woods樹(shù)林times時(shí)代 lines 臺(tái)詞 surround

28、ings 環(huán)境 belongings 財(cái)產(chǎn)earnings 收入 arms 武器 manners 禮貌 forces 軍隊(duì)(4)有兩種復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞peoplefish(5)集體名詞的數(shù)只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的集體名詞people 人,人們police 警察cattle 牛側(cè)重成員時(shí)表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,側(cè)重整體時(shí)表示單數(shù)意義的集體名詞這類(lèi)集體名詞側(cè)重于成員時(shí),表示復(fù)數(shù)意義,不再變復(fù)數(shù)形式;側(cè)重整體時(shí)表示單數(shù)意義,表示多個(gè)這樣的集體時(shí)有復(fù)數(shù)變化形式。class 班級(jí) family 家庭 team 隊(duì)public 大眾 army 軍隊(duì) government 政府二、名詞所有格1s所有格表示人或其他有生命的東西的

29、名詞常在詞尾加s或,表示所有關(guān)系。my_sisters telephone number 我姐姐的電話(huà)號(hào)碼(1)表示兩者或多者各自的所有關(guān)系時(shí),分別在每個(gè)名詞的詞尾加s或;表示兩者或多者共有時(shí),在最后一個(gè)名詞詞尾加s或。 Toms_and_Jims fathers 湯姆的父親和吉姆的父親 Tom_and_Jims father 湯姆和吉姆的父親(2)表示店鋪、辦公室或某人的家時(shí),名詞所有格后被修飾的名詞一般省略。at the_barbers 在理發(fā)店 at my_uncles 在我叔叔家2of所有格表示無(wú)生命的事物的名詞通常用of所有格表示所有關(guān)系;名詞短語(yǔ)或有定語(yǔ)修飾的有生命的名詞也常用of

30、所有格。the window of_the_room 房間的窗戶(hù)3雙重所有格三、名詞作定語(yǔ)名詞作定語(yǔ)往往是說(shuō)明被修飾詞的材料、用途、類(lèi)別等,作定語(yǔ)的名詞通常用單數(shù)。gold chain 金鏈子 coffee cup 咖啡杯mountain village 山村 winter holiday 寒假限時(shí)25分鐘一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1(2019雙鴨山市第一中學(xué)高三月考)Neither you nor I nor anybody else _ (know) anything about it now答案:knows根據(jù)前面的neither nor 結(jié)構(gòu),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取就近原則,故與anybody else保

31、持一致,且由now可知,此處描述現(xiàn)在的事實(shí),故填knows。 2(2018全國(guó)卷)This switch has decreased _ (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people答案:pollution根據(jù)前面的“This switch has decreased”后面缺少賓語(yǔ)可知,此處使用名詞作賓語(yǔ),故填pollution。3(2018全國(guó)卷)My name is Mireya Mayor Im a _ (science) who studies

32、animals such as apes and monkeys答案:scientist此處介紹“我”的身份是一位科學(xué)家。因此應(yīng)填scientist。 4(2018浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook Making Chinese _ (dish) is seen as especially troublesome答案:dishes名詞dish前面沒(méi)有冠詞,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但是后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是is,主語(yǔ)為making Chinese dishes動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)。5(2018浙江高考)Researchers ha

33、ve found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in _ (weigh) problems答案:weightweight problems “體重問(wèn)題”,需要把所給的動(dòng)詞變成名詞weight,修飾后面的名詞。 6(2018全國(guó)卷)Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages _ (be) close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elde

34、rly speakers left答案:are根據(jù)前面的主語(yǔ)“400 of the total of 6,800 languages”指6,800種語(yǔ)言中的400多種語(yǔ)言,意思是復(fù)數(shù),故填are。 7(2018江蘇高考)When most people think of the arts, they imagine the end product, the beautiful painting, a wonderful piece of music, or an awardwinning _ (perform) in the theatre答案:performance根據(jù)前面的“an awar

35、dwinning”可知,后面修飾名詞,故填performance。 8(2018北京高考)The coming technological advancement _ (present) a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably答案:presents主語(yǔ)“The coming technological advancement”是單數(shù),故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式,填presents。9(2018天津高考)_ (c

36、urious) gave us all a natural awareness答案:Curiosity根據(jù)空格的位置和后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可知,此處缺少主語(yǔ),故填Curiosity。10(2018天津高考)On top of that, most of the 3D food _ (print) now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad答案:printers根據(jù)“most of”可知,后面使用復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故填printers。11(2018浙江高考)Among the

37、bag makers _ (argue): many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport答案:arguments根據(jù)前面的“the bag makers”是一個(gè)名詞所有格,后面使用名詞形式,且此處指復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填arguments。12(2018江蘇高考)What starts as fun usage of apps _ (turn) into tremen

38、dous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school答案:turns分析句子的結(jié)構(gòu)可知,主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)由what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句,故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)形式。13(2018北京高考)The _ (arrive) of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared答案:arrival根據(jù)前面的定冠詞the可知,后面使用名詞形式,故填arrival。 14(

39、2017全國(guó)卷)Now all that was needed _ (be) the parents, but they were absent答案:were句意:現(xiàn)在最需要的就是父母,但是父母都不在。因?yàn)楸碚Z(yǔ)為parents,并且要時(shí)態(tài)一致,因此答案為were。15(2017全國(guó)卷)Moran says one of the problems with Jazz today _ (be) that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost答案:is句意:莫蘭說(shuō)今天爵士樂(lè)其中的一個(gè)問(wèn)題是音樂(lè)的娛樂(lè)性丟失。當(dāng)“one of名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作

40、主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。16(2017全國(guó)卷)My entire family is hearing and so _ (be) all my friends答案:are句意:我全家都有聽(tīng)覺(jué),我所有的朋友也都有聽(tīng)覺(jué)。“sobe/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”指前者的情況也適合于后者;主語(yǔ)為my friends,根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)一致原則,答案是are。17(2017全國(guó)卷)Fat and salt _ (be) very important parts of a diet答案:are句意:脂肪和鹽是飲食中的重要部分。主語(yǔ)為fat and salt,表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。18(2017全國(guó)卷)Hav

41、ing enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃點(diǎn)心) between _ (meal) and will improve the taste of your food答案:meals句意:飯菜中充足的脂肪和鹽會(huì)降低零食對(duì)你的誘惑,并且會(huì)改善食物的味道。這里指兩餐之間,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。19(2017全國(guó)卷)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the _ (instructor) orders答案:instructors句意:上車(chē)之前,我

42、原本認(rèn)為我已經(jīng)掌握了教練的指令。表所有關(guān)系,在名詞后直接加s。20(2017全國(guó)卷)_ (interrupt) are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done答案:Interruptions句意:當(dāng)你努力完成工作的時(shí)候,受到打擾是你要應(yīng)對(duì)的最壞的事情之一。作主語(yǔ),需要用interrupt的名詞形式interruption,且由系動(dòng)詞are可知,要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式interruptions。21(2019中央民大附中月考)Email, as well as telephones, _ (play

43、) an important part in daily communication答案:is playing句意:電子郵件,還有電話(huà)在日常生活中起著很重要的作用。主語(yǔ)后接由as well as構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱(chēng)保持一致,答案為is playing。 22(2017全國(guó)卷)After years of heated debate, gray _ (wolf) were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park答案:wolves句意:多年的激烈爭(zhēng)論之后,灰狼重新被引進(jìn)到了黃石國(guó)家公園。be動(dòng)詞用了were,因此應(yīng)用wolf

44、的復(fù)數(shù)形式。以f/fe結(jié)尾的名詞應(yīng)改f/fe為v,再加es。23(2017全國(guó)卷)In fact, the key to easy morning wakeup _ (lie) in resetting your body clock答案:lies句意:事實(shí)上,早晨輕松醒來(lái)的關(guān)鍵在于重新調(diào)整你的生物鐘。句子的主語(yǔ)是the key,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)。24(2017全國(guó)卷)She has turned down several _ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies答案:invitatio

45、ns句意:為了專(zhuān)注于學(xué)習(xí),她拒絕了在許多節(jié)目中充當(dāng)主演的邀請(qǐng)。several修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,因此填invitations。25(2018山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)模擬)The government _ (have) promised to keep the wholeyear registered unemployment rate below 45 percent答案:has本句中的The government指政府這個(gè)整體,表示單數(shù)意義,此時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),故用has。26(2018湖南長(zhǎng)沙高三調(diào)研)But much like other sports events, a lot of prof

46、essional _ (compete) rule the triathlon world答案:competitors句意:但是與其他運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目一樣,許多專(zhuān)業(yè)參賽選手統(tǒng)治三項(xiàng)全能界/領(lǐng)域。a lot of修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,competitor是可數(shù)名詞,因此這里應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。27(2018河南八市高三質(zhì)檢)Choosing what places to visit in Dubai is difficult, because even the hotels there are also amazing _ (attract)答案:attractions由空前的形容詞amazing可

47、知,應(yīng)填提示詞的名詞形式attraction。attraction在此處意為“吸引人之物”,是可數(shù)名詞,表示這些旅館都是吸引人的地方,因此用復(fù)數(shù)形式。28(2018河北衡水中學(xué)高三第十次模擬)More than one doctor _ (be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake答案:was句意:許多醫(yī)生都加入到了震后的營(yíng)救工作中?!癿ore than one可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。又根據(jù)上下文可知,設(shè)空處用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式,故答案為was。29(2018山東淄博實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高三教學(xué)診斷)

48、Mr Black, as well as the professor who _ (come) from Peking University, _ (be) to attend our school meeting答案:comes; is句意:布萊克先生和一名來(lái)自北京大學(xué)的教授將來(lái)參加我們學(xué)校的會(huì)議。第一空考查定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂一致,第一空謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與先行詞 professor(第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù))一致,故答案為 comes。第二個(gè)空與Mr Black保持一致,因?yàn)椤癆as well asB”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A保持一致,故第二空答案為is。 30(2018中原名校質(zhì)檢)Dr White, as w

49、ell as his students _ (do) an experiment in the lab now答案:is doing句意:懷特博士和他的學(xué)生們現(xiàn)在正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室做實(shí)驗(yàn)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后接由as well as構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)時(shí),句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)和人稱(chēng)保持一致,所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。二、單句改錯(cuò)1(2018北京高考)I was one of the final run to finish But I finished! And I got a medal_答案:runrunners根據(jù)句意,指“我”是最后一個(gè)完成賽跑的跑步者,同時(shí)結(jié)合“one of”可知,此處使用復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故將run改

50、為runners。 2(2018江蘇高考)It found many youngsters (少年) now measure their status by how much public approve they get online, often through “l(fā)ikes” _答案:approveapproval根據(jù)前面的“public” (公眾的)和“how much”可知,后面跟名詞,作get的賓語(yǔ),故將approve改為approval。3(2017全國(guó)卷)A buildityourself solar still (蒸餾器) is one of the best way to

51、obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available_答案:wayways根據(jù)句意可知,這里指“其中一個(gè)最好的取水方式”,one of后應(yīng)接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。4(2017全國(guó)卷)In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeares play in their own language_答案:playplays根據(jù)后半句語(yǔ)境可知,此處應(yīng)用pl

52、ay的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指莎士比亞的作品。5(2016全國(guó)卷)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest_答案:honesthonesty句意:我叔叔告訴我他成功的關(guān)鍵就是誠(chéng)實(shí)。此處是指誠(chéng)實(shí)是他成功的關(guān)鍵,應(yīng)用名詞形式。6(2016浙江高考)It is important to pay your electric bill on time, as late payments may affect your credit_答案:electricelectricity句意:按時(shí)交電費(fèi)很重要,因?yàn)榻坏倪t會(huì)影響你的信用。electricit

53、y bill “電費(fèi)”。7(2016四川高考)Mom has a fulltime job, but she has to do most of the houseworks_答案:houseworkshousework句意:媽媽有一份全職工作,但還是要做大部分的家務(wù)。housework為不可數(shù)名詞,沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。8(2018長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校檢測(cè))You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class_答案:knowknows句意:你是我們班上最體貼的人,知道我恰好需要什么。know是定語(yǔ)從句中的

54、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,其單復(fù)數(shù)形式由先行詞person確定。由于person是單數(shù)形式,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。9(2018鄭州質(zhì)檢)More than one worker have been dismissed in our factory_答案:havehas句意:在我們工廠(chǎng),不止一名工人被解雇了?!癿ore than one單數(shù)名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí),盡管意義上表示復(fù)數(shù),但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。10(2018河南名校聯(lián)考)The singer and teacher are speaking at the meeting_答案:areis句意:這名歌手兼老師正在會(huì)議上發(fā)言。singer和teache

55、r由一個(gè)限定詞“the”修飾,指的是同一人,因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。主謂一致一、主謂一致的概念及原則主謂一致即在句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須和主語(yǔ)的數(shù)保持一致。一般可根據(jù)三個(gè)原則來(lái)確定:語(yǔ)法一致原則、意義一致原則、就近一致原則。二、主謂一致??伎键c(diǎn)1表示一類(lèi)人的the poor/rich/dead/injured/wounded等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。The_rich are to help the poor2“主語(yǔ)with/along with/together with/as well as/rather than/but/except等名詞/代詞”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式與主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。 A gift together_with many flowers was sent to me on Teachers Day by my students3由either or , neither nor , not only but (also) , or,

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