八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) Module 3 Journey to space教案 （新版）外研版.doc

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Module 3 Journey to space一、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo):A. 單詞和短語(yǔ)：earth, moon, news, planet, reach, yet, just, model, spaceship, project, no problem, latest, on, discover, astronaut, space travel, none, environment, that, solar, system, solar system, group, galaxy, universe, light, impossible, take-took-taken, out, municate B. 交際用語(yǔ)：1. What are you up to?2. Sure, no problem.3. Ive just made a model spaceship for our school project.4. I havent started yet because Im not sure how to make it.5. I havent started it yet.6. Have you heard the latest news?7. Has it arrived yet?8. Thats why its on the news.9. Astronauts have already been to the moon.10. Have we sent a spaceship to Mars?Yes, we have. But11. The spaceship has gone to Mars.12. However, we have not found life on other plants yet.二、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. Function: Talking about recent events.2. Structure: Present perfect with already, just and yet.3. Skills: 1) Listening for specific information.2) Talking about space travel; participating in a role-play.3) Reading and finding out information from simple texts and choosing the best title.4) Writing a passage to describe the picture.4. Around the world: Names of the days of the week.5. Task: Making a poster about space travel.三、重點(diǎn)及難點(diǎn): 1. Structure: Present perfect with already, just and yet.2. To understand the difference between have been to and have gone to.四、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì):Unit 1 Has it arrived yet? Teaching modelListening and speaking Teaching method PWP approach Teaching aims1. To understand Present perfect with already, just and yet.2. To understand the conversation about the space mission to Mars.3. To understand the difference between have been to and have gone to. Teaching Objectives 1. Key vocabulary: earth, moon, news, planet, reach, yet, just, model, spaceship, project, no problem, latest, on, discover, astronaut, space travel2. Key structures: Present perfect with already, just and yet. Teaching aidsTape recorder, OHP, video Teaching StepsStep 1 Warming up1. Enjoy news report and watch a video.2. Show some pictures to introduce the new words.3. Learn the new words.4. Read the new words.Step 2 Listen and number the words as you hear them.1. Ask the students to read the words in Activity 1.earth, land, message, moon, news, planet, reach, scientist2. Play the recording.3. Listen and number the words as you hear them.4. Ask the students to check their answer with a partner.5. Call back the answer from the whole class and check the answer.Step 3 Listen again and plete the notes.1. Ask the students to read the notes in Activity 2.news about the trip to (1) _journey of (2) _ monthshas not sent back any (3) _ yethope to find (4) _ on Mars2. Listen again and plete the notes.3. Ask the students to check their answer with a partner.4. Call back the answer from the whole class and check the answer. keys: Mars eight messages lifeStep 4 Listen and read.1. Show some pictures, and ask the students to talk about them.2. Ask the students to read the conversation silently.3. Play the recording and ask the students to listen and read the conversation.4. Read the conversation.5. Act it out.6. Learn “Everyday English”1) What are you up to?2) Sure, no problem.Step 5 Now answer the questions.1. Ask the students to read through the questions in Activity3.1) What school project have Daming and Tony got?2) How does Daming feel about the school project?3) What news has Tony heard?4) Has anyone been to Mars? Why?2. Ask the students to read through the conversation in Activity 3 again.3. Answer the questions.4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.Keys: They have got a project on spaceships.Hes not sure how to make the model.The spaceship to Mars has reached there.No one has been to Mars yet, because Mars is very far away, much farther than the moon.Step 6 plete the passage in Activity 4.1. Ask the students to read the words in the box in Activity 4.arrive, discover, planet, send, yet2. Ask the students to read through the passage in Activity 4.On todays news, Tony has heard that scientists have (1) _ a spaceship to Mars and it has (2) _ on the (3) _ after a journey of several months from the earth. Scientists have not (4) _ life on Mars (5) _. And no astronaut has ever been to Mars because it is very far away.3. plete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.Keys: 1. sent 2. arrived 3. planet 4. discovered 5. yet6. Read the passage together.Step 7 Language points.1. reach v. 到達(dá)，抵達(dá) 后可以直接跟地點(diǎn)名詞 e.g. When will your parents reachAmerica? 你爸媽什么時(shí)候到美國(guó)？get, arrive & reachget, arrive和reach都可以表示“到達(dá)”，但它們的用法有區(qū)別。get是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后若跟地點(diǎn)名詞，需要借助于介詞toe.g. Please call me when you get toEngland.arrive也是不及物動(dòng)詞，其后若跟地點(diǎn)名詞，需要借助于介詞in或ate.g. The train arrived at the station in the morning. Do you know when your father arrived inFrance?注意：當(dāng)get, arrive后面接here, there和home等表示地點(diǎn)的副詞時(shí)，不使用介詞。e.g. We got / arrived here last night.根據(jù)句意選用get, arrive或reach填空，有的需要變換形式。1) The children will _Beijingthis afternoon.2) Tim _ toLondonlast week.3) Yesterday the man _ at the airport on time.4) They _ here at five oclock yesterday.2. What are you up to? 你在做什么呢？be up to 表示“正在做某事，忙于某事”。常用在非正式場(chǎng)合中。e.g. Whats he up to with all those books on the floor?地上放那么多書(shū)，他在干什么呢？What were you up to yesterday? You didnt answer my phone. 昨天你干什么呢？不接我電話。當(dāng)我們說(shuō)be up to sb.時(shí)，表示“由決定”。e.g. Do you want to stay or go? Its up to you. 你是要留下還是要走？你自己定。3. Ive just made this model of the space station.這是我剛做的宇宙空間站的模型。just 常用在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句中，常放在助動(dòng)詞 have/has 的后面。e.g. Weve just seen/watched the film. 我們剛看了電影。3. I havent started it yet. 我還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始做呢。yet用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，通常位于句末。在否定句中意為“還；尚未” ；在疑問(wèn)句中意為“已經(jīng)” e.g. We havent finished our homework yet. 我們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)。 Have you locked the garage yet? 你已經(jīng)把車庫(kù)鎖了嗎？ already & yet already意為“已經(jīng)”，常用于肯定句中；有時(shí)也可用于疑問(wèn)句中，表示驚訝或想得到對(duì)方肯定回答。 e.g. I have already finished my homework. 我已經(jīng)完成我的作業(yè)了。 Have you seen the film already? 你已經(jīng)看過(guò)電影了？請(qǐng)根據(jù)句意用already或yet填空。1) The students havent finished their homework _.2) We have _ seen this book.3) Lisa has _ finished her lunch, but she hasnt washed the bowls _.4) Have you returned the book to the library _? You never told me!Keys:yet already already yet alreadyjust/already/yet用法小結(jié)just “剛剛”；already “已經(jīng)”，一般置于have/has之后，兩者都用于肯定句；yet 用在否定句和疑問(wèn)句，表示“還未”。5. Have you heard the latest news? 你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)最新消息嗎？ latest adj. 最近的；最新的e.g. The news is all about the latest meeting. 這條消息是關(guān)于最近的會(huì)議的。latest還是late的最高級(jí)形式，意為“最晚的” e.g. Jenny was the latest student to e to school in the class this morning. 6. Thats why its on the news. 這就是它為什么出現(xiàn)在新聞報(bào)導(dǎo)的原因。Thats why 這就是的原因e.g. Thats why they didnt like the music. 這就是他們不喜歡這個(gè)音樂(lè)的原因。 on prep. 在(播放)中；關(guān)于 e.g. Whats on the TV? 電視正在播放什么節(jié)目？7. So have they discovered life on Mars? 所以他們?cè)诨鹦巧习l(fā)現(xiàn)生命了嗎？discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)；找到其后可以跟名作賓語(yǔ)，指的是那些原來(lái)已存在的，但不為人知的事物 e.g. Ive discovered a super restaurant near here! 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這附近有一家超棒的餐廳。discover作“發(fā)現(xiàn)某些事實(shí)、真相”講時(shí)，與find out意思相近e.g. These examples will help us discover the ways that words are used. 這些例子可以幫助我們發(fā)現(xiàn)單詞的使用方法。discover還有“發(fā)覺(jué)”的意思e.g. She discovered the pleasure of reading. 她發(fā)覺(jué)到閱讀的樂(lè)趣。8. Astronauts have already been to the moon. 宇航員已經(jīng)去過(guò)月球了。already表示“已經(jīng)”，常放在have/ has之后，通常用于肯定句中。e.g. Jack has already finished his homework. have/ has been to表示曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回到他的生活所在地。e.g. Theyve already been to Suzhou twice. 他們已經(jīng)去過(guò)蘇州兩次了。have been to 表示“去過(guò)某地”，但現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了； have gone to 表示“去了某地”，現(xiàn)在不在這里（說(shuō)話人所在地）。Step 8 Pronunciation and speaking1. Play the recording once without stopping.2. Play the recording again and ask the whole class to repeat.1) Ive just made a model spaceship for our school project.2) I havent started yet because Im not sure how to make it.3) Has it arrived yet?4) Astronauts have already been to the moon.3. Ask the students to listen and underline the words the speaker stresses.4. Now listen again and repeat.Step 9 Work in pairs.1. Make lists of what we have and have not done in space travel.We have We have not_ _ _ _ _ _Key: We have A dog has travelled in space. Men have travelled to the moon. Spaceships have taken photographs on Mars.We have not We have not built houses in space. Astronauts have not been to Mercury. Scientists have not visited Venus.2. Talk about space travel with the lists in Activity 6.Have we sent a spaceship to Mars?Yes, we have. But3. Work in pairs.Step 10 Exercises ( ) 1. Wheres Ben? He_ to the teachers office. Hell be back soon. A. go B. has gone C. has been ( ) 2. Will you please go to see the movie Guanyinshan with me ? No, I wont. I _ it already. A. saw B. have seen C. see D. will see ( ) 3. She isnt at the cinema now because she _the library. A. has been to B. have been to C. have gone to D. has gone to( ) 4. Jim isnt in the classroom. Where is he? He _to the teachers office. A. will go B. has gone C. had gone D. is going ( ) 5. Id like you to tell me something about Shen Nongjia.Im sorry, but neither Jack nor I _ there.A. have been B. has been C. have gone D. has goneKeys: 1. B 2. B 3. D 4.B 5. AB. 完成句子:1. 我們已經(jīng)到達(dá)上海。 We _ Shanghai.2. 他剛剛做完這個(gè)模型。 He _ this model.3. 這個(gè)女孩在干什么？ What _ this girl _?4. 你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)香港嗎？是的。 _ you _ Hong Kong? Yes, I _.5. 他們聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這個(gè)最近的新聞嗎？ Have they _?Keys: 1. have already reached 2. has just made 3. is, up to 4. Have, ever been to, have 5. heard this latest newsStep 11 Homework1. Remember the words and phrases in this lesson.2. Review the next lesson.Unit 2 We have not found life on any other planets yet.Teaching modelReading and writing. Teaching method Top-down approach Teaching aims1. Listen for specific information.2. Talk about space travel; participating in a role-play.3. Read and find out information from simple texts and choose the best title.4. Write a passage to describe the picture.Teaching Objectives Key vocabulary: none, environment, that, solar, system, solar system, group, galaxy, universe, light, impossible, take-took-taken, out, municate Teaching aidsRecorder, OHP, video Teaching StepsStep 1 Warming-up1. Show some pictures to review the text of Unit 1.2. Show some pictures.3. Talk about the pictures.4. Introduce the new words.5. Read the words after the teacher.Step 2 Work in pairs. 1. Enjoy News Report.2. Show some pictures to talk about something about Shenzhou-93. Ask the students to look at the picture in Activity 1.4. Work in pairs. Shenzhou-9 is a manned spaceship.Step 3 Reading1. Play the recording and listen to the tape carefully.2. Ask the students to read through the passage.3. Choose the best title for it.1) Anyone out there? 2) Life on the earth 3) The sun and other stars 4) The stars at night4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.6. Read the text together.Step 4 Check ( ) the true sentences.1. Ask the students to read the sentences in Activity 3.1) The earth is a star. 2) The sun is a star.3) There is more than one galaxy in the universe.4) The light from the stars in other galaxies has travelled for a long time to reach us.5) Scientists have received many messages from space.6) Spaceships have visited most of the universe.2. Read the passage again.3. Check ( ) the true sentences.4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.Keys: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Step 5 plete the passage.1. Ask the students to read the words in the box in Activity 4.municate environment none solar system universe2. Ask the students to read through the passage in Activity 4.Is there life on other planets? There are seven other planets in our (1) _, but (2) _ of them has a(n) (3) _ like that of the earth. Spaceships from the earth have done surveys of the other planets, but they have not found ant life there. Why has no one from other planets tried to (4) _ with us? It is true that scientists have not discovered life on other planets in the (5) _ yet, but some scientists believe that they will find it some day.3. plete the passage with the words and expression in the box.4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.Keys: 1. solar system 2. none 3. environment 4. municate 5. universe6. Read the passage together.Step 6 Language points1. Scientists think that there has been life on Earth for hundreds of millions of years. 科學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球上的生命已經(jīng)有億萬(wàn)年了。millions of數(shù)百萬(wàn)，hundreds of 數(shù)百，thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)，billions of 數(shù)十億e.g. There are billions of stars in the Galaxy, and our sun is only one of them.銀河系中有數(shù)十億顆恒星，我們的太陽(yáng)只是其中的一個(gè)。2. The Earth is a planet and it goes around the Sun. Seven other planets also go around the sun. 地球是顆行星，它圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。還有其他七顆行星也圍繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。太陽(yáng)系的其他七顆行星：水星(Mercury)、金星(Venus)、火星(Mars)、木星(Jupiter)、土星(Saturn)、天王星(Uranus)、海王星(Neptune)。3. None of them has an environment like that of the earth, so scientists do not think they will find life on them.他們中沒(méi)有一個(gè)有像地球這樣的環(huán)境，因此科學(xué)家認(rèn)為在他們上面找不到生命。none pron. 沒(méi)有一人；沒(méi)有一個(gè)；一點(diǎn)兒也沒(méi)none of 表示（三個(gè)以上）一個(gè)也沒(méi)有。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。e.g. None of us _ interested in the story. 我們中沒(méi)有人對(duì)這個(gè)故事感興趣。 None of us _ been to the Mars. 我們中沒(méi)一個(gè)去過(guò)火星。4. our solar system is a small part of a much larger group of stars and planets, called the Galaxy or the Milky Way.我們的太陽(yáng)系只是一個(gè)由恒星和行星組成的星系的一小部分，這個(gè)星系比太陽(yáng)系大得多，稱作銀河系或銀河。這里的the Galaxy專指“銀河系”，也可以稱作 the Milky Way。而galaxy則泛指“星系”。例如：Scientists have discovered a distant galaxy. 科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的星系。5. So how large is the universe? Its impossible to imagine.所以宇宙有多大？我們無(wú)從想象。句型: It is +形容詞 + to +動(dòng)詞原形，意思是“做某事很”It is difficult to read these words. 讀這些單詞很難。6. With so many stars in the universe, are we alone, or is there life out there in space? 宇宙中有這么多恒星，我們是孤獨(dú)的嗎？抑或太空中還有其他生命存在呢？with + 名詞 + 介詞短語(yǔ)，表示伴隨情況，意思是“帶著”。 例如：Mr. Zhang is ing with a book in his hands.張老師手里帶著一書(shū)進(jìn)來(lái)了。alone 在句中作形容詞，不作定語(yǔ)只做表語(yǔ)，也可作副詞。意思是“獨(dú)自地”。例如：She was alone in that dark room. 她獨(dú)自一人呆在那黑屋子里。7. Why has no one municated with us?為什么沒(méi)人和我們聯(lián)系？no one意為“沒(méi)有人”，多用來(lái)指人。當(dāng)它用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。 e.g. No one came here yesterday. 昨天沒(méi)人來(lái)這。 none可用來(lái)回答how many或how much的提問(wèn)，no one可用來(lái)回答who的提問(wèn)e.g. How many birds can you see in the picture? _. Who is in the room? _.請(qǐng)從括號(hào)內(nèi)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)囊豁?xiàng)填空，使句意完整通順。1) How many cakes are there in the fridge? _ (None / No one).2)_ (None / No one) writes to me but you.municate既可作及物動(dòng)詞，又可作不及物動(dòng)詞。作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“表達(dá)，傳達(dá)”；作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“溝通，交流”，常與介詞with連用。e.g. I asked your sister to municate my wishes to you. I shall municate with you directly.根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。1) 瑪麗(Mary)經(jīng)常與她的老師們交流。 Mary often _ her teachers.2) 在他的幫助下，我們?cè)囍蚋改副磉_(dá)了我們的感情。 With his help, we tried to _ our feelings to our parents.Step 7 Look and answer the questions.1. Look at the picture from a science story for children in Activity 5. 2. Read through the example sentencesWhat have the scientists just received? (a message from one of our spaceships)They have just received a message from one of our spaceships.3. Ask the students to answer the questions.1) Where has the spaceship landed? (Mars)2) What has the spaceship discovered? (people on Mars)3) Why have the people on Mars not sent us a message? (do not know how to)4) Why have the people on Mars not visited us on the earth? (do not know how to)4. Check with a partner.5. Call back the answers from the whole class.Keys:1. It has landed on Mars.2. It has discovered people on Mars.3. They do not know how to send us a message.4. They do not know how to visit us on the earth.Step 8 Writing.Write a passage to describe the picture. Use your answers to the questions in Activity 5 to help you.We have just received a message from our spaceship to MarsStep 9 Do exercises:下列各題劃線部分中均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請(qǐng)指出并改正。1. No one of his friends has been to Paris. _2. I havent found my new basketball already. _3. There are million of people in the stadium. _Keys:1. No one None2. already yet 3. million of millions ofStep 10 Homework:Finish the Activity 6 on page 21.Unit 3 Language in use Teaching modelRevision and application Teaching method Formal and interactive practice Teaching aims1. Function: Talking about recent events.2. Structure: Present perfect with already, just and yet.2. Around the world: Names of the days of the week.4. Task: Making a poster about space travel. Teaching aidsTape recorder, OHP, handouts Teaching StepsStep 1 RevisionShow some pictures to review the text of Unit 1 and Unit 2 Step 2 Language practice1. Read through the example sentences in the box with the whole class.1. Ive just made a model spaceship. 2. Has it arrived yet? 3. Astronauts have already been to the moon.4. We have not found life on any other planets yet.2. Ask the students to repeat the sentences in the box.Step 3 Grammar: 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(2)1. 當(dāng)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，并對(duì)現(xiàn)在有一定影響時(shí)，我們一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。同時(shí)，可分用just, already或yet加以強(qiáng)調(diào)或說(shuō)明。例如：I have just heard the news.我剛聽(tīng)到消息。Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航員已經(jīng)去過(guò)月球了。He has just started to explore other planets.我們才剛剛開(kāi)始探索其他行星。可以看出，just 用來(lái)表示“剛剛”， already 用來(lái)表示“已經(jīng)”，兩者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have / has 之后。在否定句中則可用yet, 表示“還未”， 有“以后可以會(huì)”的含義。例如：The scientists have not heard from it yet. 科學(xué)家還沒(méi)有收到它發(fā)出的信息。Man has not discovered any life in space yet. 人類尚未在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)生命。另外，在使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)候，要注意與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)在表達(dá)經(jīng)歷時(shí)只表示該事件是在現(xiàn)在之前的某一個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的，重點(diǎn)在于已完成動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一具體時(shí)間發(fā)生的事情。例如：I have just been to London. I went there last month.我剛?cè)ミ^(guò)倫敦，上個(gè)月去的。I have already finished my homework. I finished it an hour ago. 我已經(jīng)完成家庭作業(yè)了，一小時(shí)前完成的。在沒(méi)有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，如何判斷該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還是該用過(guò)去時(shí)呢？判斷的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看該行為是否對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，也就是說(shuō)該句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么。試看以下對(duì)話：A: Where have you put my book? I cant find it.你把我的書(shū)放哪兒去了？我找不到。B: I put it on your desk yesterday. 我昨天放你桌子上了。該對(duì)話中，當(dāng)A 問(wèn)對(duì)方把自己的書(shū)放在何處時(shí)，A 感興趣的是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)，因此用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但是B 回答時(shí)只是說(shuō)明當(dāng)時(shí)放的位置，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。再看下面的對(duì)話：A: Would you like to go and see the film with me tonight ? 你今晚想和我去看電影嗎？B: Sorry, I have seen it already. 不好意思，我已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。對(duì)話中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示對(duì)結(jié)果的強(qiáng)調(diào)：“電影看過(guò)了，所以不想再看了。在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中，already(已經(jīng))、just(已剛剛)常用于肯定句，放在have和has的后面，yet(還、尚、仍然)常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，（放在have和has的后面也可放在句末）。2. plete the news with already, just and yet.Spaceship on Mars !Astronauts have (1) _ been to the moon but they have not been to any other planets. However, a spaceship (2) _ arrived on Mars and it has (3) _ sent back photos of the red planet. Is there life on Mars? We do not know (4) _.3. Ask the students to check with a partner.4. Check the answers: Keys: 1. already 2. just 3. already 4. yetStep 4 Look at the