1586-臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)(一)
1586-臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)(一),臥式,鋼筋,切斷,割斷,設(shè)計(jì)
附件 3:邵陽(yáng)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)任務(wù)書年級(jí)專業(yè) 03 機(jī)制本科 學(xué)生姓名 李輝 學(xué) 號(hào) 19課題名稱 臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)起止時(shí)間 2007 年 3 月 26 日至 2007 年 6 月 8 日課題類型 工程設(shè)計(jì)、 應(yīng)用研究 、開(kāi)發(fā)研究、軟件工程、理論研究、其他 課題性質(zhì) 真實(shí) 、模擬、虛擬一、課題研究的目的與主要內(nèi)容主要內(nèi)容:設(shè)計(jì)一臺(tái)臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī),最大切斷鋼筋直徑 14mm,切斷次數(shù) 15 次/分課題目的:通過(guò)本畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題使學(xué)生基本掌握機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算的基本方法和步驟,掌握建筑鋼筋切斷機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)和使用方法并了解其現(xiàn)狀。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)過(guò)的基本理論知識(shí)和專業(yè)知識(shí)及專業(yè)技能的能力,使學(xué)生的專業(yè)能力和綜合素質(zhì)進(jìn)一步得到提高。二、基本要求1 翻譯相關(guān)英文科技資料 3000-5000 漢字以上;2 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中的全部文件資料符合學(xué)校規(guī)定的格式和要求;3 繪制的圖紙數(shù)量合零號(hào)圖 4 張以上;4 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算說(shuō)明書要在 1.5 萬(wàn)漢字以上;5. 以上所有資料刻錄光盤一張;注:1、此表由指導(dǎo)教師填寫,經(jīng)各系、教研室主任審批生效;2、此表 1 式 3 份,學(xué)生、指導(dǎo)教師、教研室各 1 份。三、課題研究已具備的條件(包括實(shí)驗(yàn)室、主要儀器設(shè)備、參考資料)1、 學(xué)校實(shí)習(xí)工廠。2、 機(jī)械與能源工程系機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,數(shù)控加工中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室,主要儀器設(shè)備有:線切割加工機(jī)床,電火花成形加工機(jī)床,數(shù)控加工中心等。3、 機(jī)械類相關(guān)課程、主要參考資料現(xiàn)代機(jī)械傳動(dòng)手冊(cè) 、機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)軟件版 R2.0、 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)大典 、 機(jī)械加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè) 、 簡(jiǎn)明機(jī)械零件設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)等。四、設(shè)計(jì)(論文)進(jìn)度表3 月 26 號(hào)4 月 1 號(hào):搜集、整理、熟悉分析、翻譯相關(guān)資料;4 月 1 號(hào)4 月 7 號(hào):書寫并上交開(kāi)題報(bào)告;4 月 7 號(hào)5 月 1 號(hào):設(shè)計(jì)鋼筋切斷機(jī)的傳動(dòng)方式并繪制其傳動(dòng)原理圖;5 月 1 號(hào)5 月 18 號(hào):設(shè)計(jì)鋼筋切斷機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)并繪制其裝配圖;繪制主要部裝圖和零件圖;5 月 18 號(hào)6 月 8 號(hào):書寫、整理、檢查和打印畢業(yè)論文;6 月 9 號(hào)6 月 10 號(hào):畢業(yè)答辯五、教研室審批意見(jiàn)教研室主任(簽名) 年 月 日六、院(系)審批意見(jiàn)院(系)負(fù)責(zé)人(簽名) 單位(公章) 年 月 日指導(dǎo)教師(簽字) 學(xué)生(簽字) 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 1 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)本設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)通過(guò)答辯,如果需要圖紙請(qǐng)聯(lián)系 QQ 251133408 另專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)代做畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì),質(zhì)量速度有保證1 引言 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 2 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)11 概述鋼筋切斷機(jī)是鋼筋加工必不可少的設(shè)備之一,它主要用語(yǔ)房屋建筑、橋梁、隧道、電站、大型水利等工程中對(duì)鋼筋的定長(zhǎng)切斷。鋼筋切斷機(jī)與其他切斷設(shè)備相比,具有重量輕、耗能少、工作可靠、效率高等特點(diǎn),因此近年來(lái)逐步被機(jī)械加工和小型軋鋼廠等廣泛采用,在國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮了重要的作用。國(guó)內(nèi)外切斷機(jī)的對(duì)比:由于切斷機(jī)技術(shù)含量低、易仿造、利潤(rùn)不高等原因,所以廠家?guī)资陙?lái)基本維持現(xiàn)狀,發(fā)展不快,與國(guó)外同行相比具體有以下幾方面差距。1)國(guó)外切斷機(jī)偏心軸的偏心距較大,如日本立式切斷機(jī)偏心距 24mm,而國(guó)內(nèi)一般為 17mm看似省料、齒輪結(jié)構(gòu)偏小些,但給用戶帶來(lái)麻煩,不易管理因?yàn)樵谟汕写罅系角行×蠒r(shí),不是換刀墊就是換刀片,有時(shí)還需要轉(zhuǎn)換角度。2)國(guó)外切斷機(jī)的機(jī)架都是鋼板焊接結(jié)構(gòu),零部件加工精度、粗糙度尤其熱處理工藝過(guò)硬,使切斷機(jī)在承受過(guò)載荷、疲勞失效、磨損等方面都超過(guò)國(guó)產(chǎn)機(jī)器3)國(guó)內(nèi)切斷機(jī)刀片設(shè)計(jì)不合理,單螺栓固定,刀片厚度夠薄,40 型和 50 型刀片厚度均為 17mm;而國(guó)外都是雙螺栓固定,25 27mm 厚,因此國(guó)外刀片在受力及壽命等綜合性能方面都較國(guó)內(nèi)優(yōu)良。4)國(guó)內(nèi)切斷機(jī)每分鐘切斷次數(shù)少國(guó)內(nèi)一般為 2831 次,國(guó)外要高出 1520 次,最高高出 30 次,工作效率較高。5)國(guó)外機(jī)型一般采用半開(kāi)式結(jié)構(gòu),齒輪、軸承用油脂潤(rùn)滑,曲軸軸徑、連桿瓦、沖切刀座、轉(zhuǎn)體處用手工加稀油潤(rùn)滑國(guó)內(nèi)機(jī)型結(jié)構(gòu)有全開(kāi)、全閉、半開(kāi)半閉 3 種,潤(rùn)滑方式有集中稀油潤(rùn)滑和飛濺潤(rùn)滑 2 種。6)國(guó)內(nèi)切斷機(jī)外觀質(zhì)量、整機(jī)性能不盡人意;國(guó)外廠家一般都是規(guī)模生產(chǎn),在技術(shù)設(shè)備上舍得投入,自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)水平較高,形成一套完整的質(zhì)量保證加工體系。尤其對(duì)外觀質(zhì)量更是精益求精,外罩一次性沖壓成型,油漆經(jīng)烤漆噴涂處理,色澤搭配科學(xué)合理,外觀看不到哪兒有焊縫、毛刺、尖角,整機(jī)光潔美觀。而國(guó)內(nèi)一些一些廠家雖然生產(chǎn)歷史較長(zhǎng),但沒(méi)有一家形成規(guī)模,加之設(shè)備老化,加工過(guò)程拼體力、經(jīng)驗(yàn), 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 3 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)生產(chǎn)工藝幾十年一貫制,所以外觀質(zhì)量粗糙、觀感較差。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展為建筑行業(yè),特別是為建筑機(jī)械的發(fā)展提供了一個(gè)廣闊的發(fā)展空間,為廣大生產(chǎn)企業(yè)提供一個(gè)展示自己的舞臺(tái)。面對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)日益激烈的我國(guó)建筑機(jī)械市場(chǎng),加強(qiáng)企業(yè)的經(jīng)營(yíng)管理,加大科技投入,重視新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)品的研究開(kāi)發(fā),提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)品售后服務(wù)水平,積極、主動(dòng)走向市場(chǎng),使企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品不斷地滿足用戶的需求,盡快縮短與國(guó)外先進(jìn)企業(yè)的差距,無(wú)疑是我國(guó)鋼筋切斷機(jī)生產(chǎn)企業(yè)生存與發(fā)展的必由之路。12 題目的選取本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)是臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)。要求切斷鋼筋的最大直徑 14mm,切斷速度為 15 次/分。在設(shè)計(jì)中通過(guò)計(jì)算和考慮實(shí)際情況選則合適的結(jié)構(gòu)及參數(shù),從而達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,同時(shí)盡可能的降低成本,這也是一個(gè)綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)專業(yè)知識(shí)的過(guò)程。 。畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)四年大學(xué)所學(xué)知識(shí)的一個(gè)總結(jié),也是走上工作崗位前的一次模擬訓(xùn)練。13 鋼筋切斷機(jī)的工作原理工作原理:采用電動(dòng)機(jī)經(jīng)一級(jí)三角帶傳動(dòng)和二級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)減速后,帶動(dòng)曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn),曲軸推動(dòng)連桿使滑塊和動(dòng)刀片在機(jī)座的滑道中作往復(fù)直線運(yùn)動(dòng),使活動(dòng)刀片和固定刀片相錯(cuò)而切斷鋼筋。2 電機(jī)選擇傳動(dòng)方案簡(jiǎn)述:選擇三級(jí)減速,先是一級(jí)帶減速,再兩級(jí)齒輪減速。首先采用一級(jí)帶傳動(dòng),因?yàn)樗哂芯彌_、吸振、運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)、噪聲小、合過(guò)載保護(hù)等優(yōu)點(diǎn),并安裝張緊輪。然后采用兩級(jí)齒輪減速,因?yàn)辇X輪傳動(dòng)可用來(lái)傳遞空間任意兩軸間的運(yùn)動(dòng)和動(dòng)力,并具有功率范圍大,傳動(dòng)效率高,傳動(dòng)比準(zhǔn)確,使用壽命長(zhǎng),工作安全可靠等特點(diǎn)。動(dòng)力由電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出,通過(guò)減速系統(tǒng)傳動(dòng),把動(dòng)力輸入到執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。由于傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)作 的是回轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng),而鋼筋切斷機(jī)的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)需要的直線往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng),為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這種轉(zhuǎn)換,可以采用曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu),盤行凸輪移動(dòng)滾子從動(dòng)件機(jī)構(gòu),齒輪齒條機(jī)構(gòu)??紤]現(xiàn)實(shí)條件我決定采用曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)作為本機(jī)械的執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu) 。2.1 切斷鋼筋需用力計(jì)算 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 4 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)為了保證鋼筋的剪斷,剪應(yīng)力應(yīng)超過(guò)材料的許應(yīng)剪應(yīng)力 。即切斷鋼筋的條件為:AQ查資料可知鋼筋的許用剪應(yīng)力為: MPa,取最大值 142MPa。由于本1428切斷機(jī)切斷的最大剛筋粗度為: mm。maxd則本機(jī)器的最小切斷力為: 21844)(.32max2QdQ取切斷機(jī)的 Q=22000N。2.2 功率計(jì)算由圖可知,刀的速度小于曲軸處的線速度。則切斷處的功率 P :W8.6901.20615QP查表可知在傳動(dòng)過(guò)程中,帶傳動(dòng)的效率為 = 0.940.97; 二級(jí)齒輪減速器的效率為 = 0.960.99; 滾動(dòng)軸承的傳動(dòng)效率為 = 0.940.98; 連桿傳動(dòng)的效率為 = 0.810.88;滑動(dòng)軸承的效率為 9.08.由以上可知總的傳動(dòng)效率為:= 0.94 0.960.980.81=0.72由此可知所選電機(jī)功率最小應(yīng)為 kw94.172.06P查手冊(cè)并根據(jù)電機(jī)的工作環(huán)境和性質(zhì)選取電機(jī)為:Y 系列封閉式三相異步電動(dòng)機(jī),代號(hào)為 Y112M-6,輸出功率為 2.2kw,輸出速度為 960 r/min。3. 傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)3.1 基本傳動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)算 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 5 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)3.1.1 分配傳動(dòng)比電動(dòng)機(jī)型號(hào)為 Y,滿載轉(zhuǎn)速為 960 r/min。a) 總傳動(dòng)比 641590ib) 分配傳動(dòng)裝置的傳動(dòng)比 10i上式中 i0、i 1 分別為帶傳動(dòng)與減速器(兩級(jí)齒輪減速)的傳動(dòng)比,為使 V 帶傳動(dòng)的外廓尺寸不致過(guò)大,同時(shí)使減速器的傳動(dòng)比圓整以便更方便的獲得圓整地齒數(shù)。初步取i0 =2,則減速器的傳動(dòng)比為 326401ic) 分配減速器的各級(jí)傳動(dòng)比按展開(kāi)式布置,查閱有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),取 i11=6.4,則 i22=5。 (注以下有 i1 代替 i11,i 2 代替i22)3.1.2 計(jì)算機(jī)構(gòu)各軸的運(yùn)動(dòng)及動(dòng)力參數(shù)a) 各軸的轉(zhuǎn)速 軸 min/r48029601nm 軸 i/r75.12i 軸 in/r23inb) 各軸的輸入功率 軸 kw068.294.011p 軸 9.1722 軸 .33c) 各軸的輸入轉(zhuǎn)矩電動(dòng)機(jī)輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩 mN89.2160.95dT 軸 N15.4.01 i 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 6 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè) 軸 mN35.2098.704.615212 iT 軸 13333.2 帶傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)3.2.1 由設(shè)計(jì)可知:V 帶傳動(dòng)的功率為 2.2kw,小帶輪的轉(zhuǎn)速為 960r/min,大帶輪的轉(zhuǎn)速為 480r/min。查表可知 工況系數(shù)取 KA=1.5 ,P c=1.52.2=3.3kw。根據(jù)以上數(shù)值及小帶輪的轉(zhuǎn)速查相應(yīng)得圖表選取 A 型 V 帶。3.2.2 帶輪基準(zhǔn)直徑:查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)選取小帶輪基準(zhǔn)直徑為 d1=100mm,則大帶輪基準(zhǔn)直徑為 d2=2100=200mm3.2.3 帶速的確定: s/m0.516094.3160ndv3.2.4 中心矩、帶長(zhǎng)及包角的確定。由式0.7(d1+d2)a02(d1+d2) 可知:0.7(100+200)a02(100+200) 得 210a 0600初步確定中心矩為 a0=400根據(jù)相關(guān)公式初步計(jì)算帶的基準(zhǔn)長(zhǎng)度: m25.1740)2()10(24)(2 2021210 )( addaLd查表選取帶的長(zhǎng)度為 1250mm計(jì)算實(shí)際中心矩:取 386mmm38625.170420 dLa驗(yàn)算小帶輪包角:.1653.718012ad3.2.5 確定帶的根數(shù):查表知 p1=0.97 p 1=0.11 ka=0.965 kl=0.93 則 lackpZ1 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 7 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)取 Z=440.39.65.01.97.03Z3.2.6 張緊力 查表 q=0.10kg/m20)1(qvkvZpFcN1.3024.5196.0542.530 3.2.7 作用在軸上的載荷:9.2.sin.sin20FZq3.2.8 帶輪結(jié)構(gòu)與尺寸見(jiàn)零件圖 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 8 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)圖 1 帶輪的結(jié)構(gòu)與尺寸圖3.3 齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)3.3.1 第一級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)a) 選材料、確定初步參數(shù)1) 選材料 小齒輪:40Cr 鋼調(diào)制,平均取齒面硬度為 260HBS大齒輪:45 鋼調(diào)制,平均取齒面硬度為 260HBS2) 初選齒數(shù) 取小齒輪的齒數(shù)為 20,則大齒輪的齒數(shù)為 206.4=1283) 齒數(shù)比即為傳動(dòng)比 4.62018i4) 選擇尺寬系數(shù) d 和傳動(dòng)精度等級(jí)情況,參照相關(guān)手冊(cè)并根據(jù)以前學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)選取 d=0.6初估小齒輪直徑 d1=60mm,則小齒輪的尺寬為 b= d d1=0.660=36mm5) 齒輪圓周速度為:參照手冊(cè)選精度等級(jí)為 9 級(jí)。s/m5.10648106 nv6) 計(jì)算小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)矩 T1 mN10.486.25.95.9161 npT7) 確定重合度系數(shù) Z 、Y :由公式可知重合度為 695.1280.381則由手冊(cè)中相應(yīng)公式可知: 7.3695.4Z2.07.25.0Y8) 確定載荷系數(shù) KH 、K F確定使用系數(shù) KA:查閱手冊(cè)選取使用系數(shù)為 KA=1.85確定動(dòng)載系數(shù) Kv:查閱手冊(cè)選取動(dòng)載系數(shù) Kv=1.10確定齒間載荷分布系數(shù) KHa、K Fa: 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 9 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)m/N10/23.703601.4852*21 dbTKFAtA則 .7.022ZHa 45.69.YKFa載荷系數(shù) KH、K F 的確定,由公式可知 0.315.08.1VA42.35.093HaFFb) 齒面疲勞強(qiáng)度計(jì)算1) 確定許用應(yīng)力 H 總工作時(shí)間 th,假設(shè)該切斷機(jī)的壽命為 10 年,每年工作 300 天,每天工作 8 個(gè)小時(shí),則: h120835 應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) N1、N 28 6.6.6.6.3110 304570046 hiiihv tTtrn7812 15.6uNv 壽命系數(shù) Zn1、Z n2 ,查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)選取 Zn1=1.0、Z n2=1.15 接觸疲勞極限?。?hlim1=720MPa、 hlim2=580MPa 安全系數(shù)取:S h=1.0 許用應(yīng)力 h1、 h2MPa72019.62lim1 hnHhSZ 34.52li2hnh2) 彈性系數(shù) ZE 查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)可選取 Pa190EZ3) 節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)域系數(shù) ZH 查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)可選取 ZH=2.5 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 10 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)4) 求所需小齒輪直徑 d1m34.57208.5194.61.09.23 211 hedhZuTk 與初估大小基本相符。5) 確定中心距,模數(shù)等幾何參數(shù)中心距 a: 圓整中心矩取 222mm75.2041.634.5模數(shù) m:由中心矩 a 及初選齒數(shù) Z1 、Z 2 得:3921Z分度圓直徑 d1,d26031mz m384122mzd確定尺寬:取大齒輪尺寬為 b1=600.6=36mm小齒輪尺寬取 b2=40mmc) 齒根抗彎疲勞強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算1) 求許用彎曲應(yīng)力 F 應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) NF1、N F27 2.62.62.62.631108. 30457046 hiiihFtTtrn7712 1.uNF 壽命系數(shù) Yn1、Y n2 ,查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)選取 Yn1=1、Y n2=1 極限應(yīng)力?。?Flim1=290MPa、 Flim2=220MPa 尺寸系數(shù) Yx:查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)選,取 Yx=1.5 安全系數(shù) SF:參照表 9-13,取 SF=1.5 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 11 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè) 需用應(yīng)力 F1 、 F2 由式(9-20) ,許用彎曲應(yīng)力 MPa3875.129021lim1 SYFxNF29.2li2FxF2) 齒形系數(shù) YFa1、Y Fa2 由圖 9-19,取YFa1=2.56 YFa2=2.153) 應(yīng)力修正系數(shù) Ysa1、Y sa2 由圖 9-20,取Ysa1=1.62 Ysa2=1.824) 校核齒根抗彎疲勞強(qiáng)度 由式(9-17) ,齒根彎曲應(yīng)力1411MPa49MPa692.05.2.3602.FsaFFmbdTK 2122 a.1462.5849FsaFY 3.3.2 第二級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì):a) 選材料、確定初步參數(shù)1) 選材料 小齒輪:40Cr 鋼調(diào)制,平均取齒面硬度為 260HBS大齒輪:45 鋼調(diào)制,平均取齒面硬度為 260HBS2) 初選齒數(shù) 取小齒輪的齒數(shù)為 28,則大齒輪的齒數(shù)為 285=1403) 齒數(shù)比即為傳動(dòng)比 528140i4) 選擇尺寬系數(shù) d 和傳動(dòng)精度等級(jí)情況,參照相關(guān)手冊(cè)并根據(jù)以前學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)選取 d=2/3初估小齒輪直徑 d1=84mm,則小齒輪的尺寬為 b= d d1=2/384=56mm齒輪圓周速度為:參照手冊(cè)選精度等級(jí)為 9 級(jí)。s/05m.160784160n5) 計(jì)算小齒輪轉(zhuǎn)矩 T1 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 12 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)mN105.2796.105.9np105.9T61 6) 確定重合度系數(shù) Z 、Y :由公式可知重合度為 4.1028.31則由手冊(cè)中相應(yīng)公式可知: 68.374.14Z.05.2.0Y7) 確定載荷系數(shù) KH 、K F確定使用系數(shù) KA:查閱手冊(cè)選取使用系數(shù)為 KA=1.85確定動(dòng)載系數(shù) Kv:查閱手冊(cè)選取動(dòng)載系數(shù) Kv=1.0確定齒間載荷分布系數(shù) KHa、K Fa: m/N10/6.1956840.2121 dbTFAtA則 3.6.022ZKHa 47.8.YFa載荷系數(shù) KH、K F 的確定,由公式可知 2.3.150.81VA3.4732HaFFc) 齒面疲勞強(qiáng)度計(jì)算1) 確定許用應(yīng)力 H總工作時(shí)間 th,假設(shè)該彎曲機(jī)的壽命為 10 年,每年工作 300 天,每天工作 8 個(gè)小時(shí),則: h120835應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) N1、N 2 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 13 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)7 6.6.6.6.311035. 304570226 hiiihv tTtrnN6712 1.53.uv壽命系數(shù) Zn1、Z n2 ,查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)選取 Zn1=1.33、Z n2=1.48接觸疲勞極限?。?hlim1=760MPa、 hlim2=760MPa安全系數(shù)?。篠 h=1許用應(yīng)力 h1、 h2MPa8.103.762lim1 hnHhSZ .24.2li2hnh2) 彈性系數(shù) ZE 查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)可選取 Pa190EZ3) 節(jié)點(diǎn)區(qū)域系數(shù) ZH 查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)可選取 ZH=2.54) 求所需小齒輪直徑 d1m0.7 8.124605953/28.1.3 23 211 hedhuTk 與初估大小基本相符。5) 確定中心距,模數(shù)等幾何參數(shù)中心距 a: 圓整中心矩取 252mm21050.7模數(shù) m:由中心矩 a 及初選齒數(shù) Z1 、Z 2 得:340281Z分度圓直徑 d1,d2 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 14 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)m84231zd m420132zd確定尺寬:取大齒輪尺寬為 b1=842/3=56mm小齒輪尺寬取 b2=60mmc) 齒根抗彎疲勞強(qiáng)度驗(yàn)算1) 求許用彎曲應(yīng)力 F 應(yīng)力循環(huán)次數(shù) NF1、N F27 2.62.62.62.631105. 3045706 hiiihFtTtrn6712 1.53.uNF 壽命系數(shù) Yn1、Yn2 ,查閱相關(guān)手冊(cè)選取 Yn1=1、Yn2=1 極限應(yīng)力?。?Flim1=290MPa、 Flim2=230MPa 尺寸系數(shù) Yx:查閱機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)選,取 Yx=1.5 安全系數(shù) SF:參照表 9-13,取 SF=1.5 需用應(yīng)力 F1 、 F2 由式(9-20) ,許用彎曲應(yīng)力 MPa3875.129021lim1 SYFxNF0.32li2FxF2) 齒形系數(shù) YFa1、Y Fa2 由圖 9-19,取YFa1=2.56 YFa2=2.153) 應(yīng)力修正系數(shù) Ysa1、Y sa2 由圖 9-20,取Ysa1=1.62 Ysa2=1.824) 校核齒根抗彎疲勞強(qiáng)度 由式(9-17) ,齒根彎曲應(yīng)力 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 15 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)1511MPa3MPa681.02.6840.2FsaFFYmbdTK 2122 a9762.153FsaFY 3.4 軸的校核3.4.1 一軸的校核軸直徑的設(shè)計(jì)式89m.17402.61nPC2.0159333T6 d軸的剛度計(jì)算a) 按當(dāng)量彎矩法校核1) 設(shè)計(jì)軸系結(jié)構(gòu),確定軸的受力簡(jiǎn)圖、彎矩圖、合成彎矩圖、轉(zhuǎn)矩圖和當(dāng)量彎矩圖。 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 16 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)圖 2 軸的受力轉(zhuǎn)矩彎矩圖2) 求作用在軸上的力如表 1,作圖如圖 2-c 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 17 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)表 1 作用在軸上的力垂直面(Fv) 水平面(Fh)軸承 1 F2=12N F4=891N齒輪 2 = NBvF367498NFAH軸承 3 F1=476N F3=1570N帶輪 4 0v1056NBH3) 求作用在軸上的彎矩如表 2,作出彎矩圖如圖 2-d、2-e表 2 作用在軸上的彎矩垂直面(Mv) 水平面(Mh)1308N.m9-Ft1vMN.mm-97101cHFM合成彎矩截面 97128.m.722 0534N10498v 15N.m204367-389H合成彎矩截面 105.m.5103482M4)作出轉(zhuǎn)彎矩圖如圖 2-f5)作出當(dāng)量彎矩圖如圖 2-g,并確定可能的危險(xiǎn)截面、如圖 2-a。并算出危險(xiǎn)截面的彎矩如表 3。表 3 截面的彎矩截面 1054N.mTM22e截面 66)確定許用應(yīng)力已知軸材料為 45 鋼調(diào)質(zhì),查表得 =650MPa。用插入法查表得b 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 18 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)=102.5MPa, =60MPa。b0b159.012607)校核軸徑如表 4表 4 驗(yàn)算軸徑截面 m621.0M3bed截面 48.31be結(jié)論:按當(dāng)量彎矩法校核,軸的強(qiáng)度足夠。b) 軸的剛度計(jì)算 7171410 2.90.865 233.57 ipiipinipi ILTIILTG23I4p1d508I42p36I4p3d1270I4p8693I45pd2I46p5103I47pd682I4p8 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 19 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)5.012. 1648295208346716952704836520739 所以軸的剛度足夠3.4.2 三軸的校核軸直徑的設(shè)計(jì)式54.9m1.860nPC2.0159333T6 d軸的剛度計(jì)算a) 按當(dāng)量彎矩法校核設(shè)計(jì)軸系結(jié)構(gòu),確定軸的受力簡(jiǎn)圖、彎矩圖、合成彎矩圖、轉(zhuǎn)矩圖和當(dāng)量彎矩圖。1) 軸的受力簡(jiǎn)圖如圖 3-a 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 20 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè) 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 21 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)圖 3 軸的受力彎矩轉(zhuǎn)矩圖2)求作用在軸上的力如表 5,并作圖如圖 3-c表 5 作用在軸上的力垂直面(Fv) 水平面(Fh)軸承 1 F3=1627N F1=8362N齒輪 =2381NBvF867NFAH軸承 2 F4=754N F3=12619N曲軸 0v21848NBH3)計(jì)算出彎矩如表 6,并作圖如圖 3-d、e 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 22 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)表 6 軸上的彎矩垂直面(Mv) 水平面(Mh).m-314825N9.-Fp1vMN.mm16804793.51cHFM合成彎矩截面 m640N.607.22 189v .5317H合成彎矩截面 60.315467272M4)作出轉(zhuǎn)彎矩圖如圖 3-f5)作出當(dāng)量彎矩圖如圖 3-g,并確定可能的危險(xiǎn)截面、和的彎矩如表 7表 7 危險(xiǎn)截面的彎矩截面 m1640N.TM22e截面 36)確定許用應(yīng)力已知軸材料為 45 鋼調(diào)質(zhì),查表得 =650MPa。用插入法查表得b=102.5MPa, =60MPab0b159.026017)校核軸徑如表 8表 8 校核軸徑截面 m46.91.0M3bed截面 08.5.31be 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 23 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)結(jié)論:按當(dāng)量彎矩法校核,軸的強(qiáng)度足夠。b) 軸的剛度計(jì)算 7171410 2.90.865 233.57 ipiipinipi ILTIILTG所以軸的剛度足夠.03.5 鍵的校核3.5.1. 平鍵的強(qiáng)度校核. a) 鍵的選擇 鍵的類型應(yīng)根據(jù)鍵聯(lián)接的結(jié)構(gòu)使用要求和工作狀況來(lái)選擇。選擇時(shí)應(yīng)考慮傳遞轉(zhuǎn)拒的大小,聯(lián)接的對(duì)中性要求,是否要求軸向固定,聯(lián)接于軸上的零件是否需要沿軸滑動(dòng)及滑動(dòng)距離長(zhǎng)短,以及鍵在軸上的位置等。鍵的主要尺寸為其橫截面尺寸(鍵寬 b 鍵高 h)與長(zhǎng)度 L。鍵的橫截面尺寸 bh 依軸的直徑 d 由標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中選取。鍵的長(zhǎng)度 L 一般可按輪轂的長(zhǎng)度選定,即鍵長(zhǎng)略短于輪轂長(zhǎng)度,并應(yīng)符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的長(zhǎng)度系列。故根據(jù)以上所提出的以及該機(jī)工作時(shí)的要求,故選用 A 型普通平鍵。由設(shè)計(jì)手冊(cè)查得:鍵寬 b=16mm 鍵高 h=10mm 鍵長(zhǎng) L=30mmb) 驗(yàn)算擠壓強(qiáng)度.平鍵聯(lián)接的失效形式有:對(duì)普通平鍵聯(lián)接而言,其失效形式為鍵,軸,輪轂三者中較弱的工作表面被壓潰。工程設(shè)計(jì)中,假定壓力沿鍵長(zhǎng)和鍵高均勻分布,可按平均擠壓應(yīng)力進(jìn)行擠壓強(qiáng)度或耐磨性的條件計(jì)算,即:靜聯(lián)接 ppkldT2式中 傳遞的轉(zhuǎn)矩 )mN( 軸的直徑 d 鍵與輪轂的接觸高度(mm),一般取 k 2hk 鍵的接觸長(zhǎng)度(mm).圓頭平鍵 l bLl 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 24 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè) 許用擠壓應(yīng)力 )pMPa(鍵的工作長(zhǎng)度 m1)425(bLl擠壓面高度 10hk轉(zhuǎn)矩 npT65.9 N09.1587.966 許用擠壓應(yīng)力,查表, MPa0p則 擠壓應(yīng)力Pa602.431596.26apklT所以 此鍵是安全的。附:鍵的材料:因?yàn)閴簼⒑湍p是鍵聯(lián)接的主要失效形式,所以鍵的材料要求有足夠的硬度。國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定,鍵用抗拉強(qiáng)度不低于 的鋼制造,如 45 鋼 Q275 MPa60等。3.6 軸承的校核 滾動(dòng)軸承是又專業(yè)工廠生產(chǎn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件。滾動(dòng)軸承的類型、尺寸和公差等級(jí)均已制訂有國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)中只需根據(jù)工作條件選擇合適的軸承類型、尺寸和公差等級(jí)等,并進(jìn)行軸承的組合結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)。3.6.1 初選軸承型號(hào) 試選 10000K 軸承,查 GB281-1994,查得 10000K 軸承的性能參數(shù)為:C=14617N Co=162850N (脂潤(rùn)滑)190min3.6.2 壽命計(jì)算 a) 計(jì)算軸承內(nèi)部軸向力.查表得 10000K 軸承的內(nèi)部軸向力 )2/(YFRs65.032815cos67.0cos. YN12470481503922 RF 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 25 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)則:N9028)(7121YFRSb) 計(jì)算外加軸向載荷 Xc) 計(jì)算軸承的軸向載荷 因?yàn)?21SF故 軸承 1 N902811SAF軸承 2 21d) 當(dāng)量動(dòng)載荷計(jì)算 由式 )(aRpPYFXfF查表得: 的界限值 A 42.05.1tge90.152382RF7.01248RA查表知 eFRA9./1故 39.0cos4.0YXeRA7.1故 39.04.22Y則: 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 26 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)N905)90283.124.(2)11ARpPFYXfF13).7.()221 ARpPf式中. (輕度沖擊的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)).pf由于 ,且軸承 1、2 采用型號(hào)、尺寸相同的軸承,谷只對(duì)軸承 2 進(jìn)行壽21PF命計(jì)算。 N032Pe) 計(jì)算軸承壽命h45019)367(2)110660PhFCnLf) 極限轉(zhuǎn)速計(jì)算 由式 lim21nfmas5.03467PFC6.7./21rctgrctgRA查得:載荷系數(shù) 5.1f載荷分布系數(shù) 802故 minr9.60masnir1計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,選用的 10000K 型圓柱孔調(diào)心軸承能滿足要求。4 鋼筋切斷機(jī)的摩擦、磨損和潤(rùn)滑 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 27 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)摩擦是不可避免的自然現(xiàn)象,摩擦得結(jié)果造成機(jī)器的能量損耗、效率降低、溫度升高、出現(xiàn)噪聲、性能下降的問(wèn)題。摩擦必然會(huì)造成磨損,在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中有許多零件都 因磨損過(guò)渡而報(bào)廢。潤(rùn)滑則是改善摩擦、減緩磨損的有效方法。切斷機(jī)中的摩擦主要是軸承的摩擦,而磨損包括滑動(dòng)摩擦和滾動(dòng)摩擦。軸承就是滾動(dòng)摩擦,其摩擦力較小損耗也較小。摩擦得結(jié)果勢(shì)必會(huì)造成磨損,而影響磨損的因素也有很多,主要有載荷大小、材料匹配、潤(rùn)滑狀況、工作溫度等。為減少磨損需要從這些方面入手,采取各種有效方法,減少磨損。減少磨損的主要方法有:1.潤(rùn)滑。2.注意選擇材料,按照基本磨損形式正確選擇材料是提高機(jī)械和零件耐磨性的關(guān)鍵之一。3.提高加工精度和表面質(zhì)量也可以減少磨損。4.合理的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),正確合理的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是減少磨損和提高耐磨性的有效途徑。5.正確使用和維護(hù)。 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 28 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)結(jié)束語(yǔ)本次設(shè)計(jì)的是一種結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)明實(shí)用的鋼筋切斷裝置,該裝置的特點(diǎn)是價(jià)格低廉,節(jié)省空間,維修方便。該切斷機(jī)是采用電動(dòng)機(jī)經(jīng)一級(jí)帶傳動(dòng)和二級(jí)齒輪傳動(dòng)減速后,帶動(dòng)曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn),曲軸推動(dòng)連桿使滑塊和動(dòng)刀片在機(jī)座的滑道中作往復(fù)直線運(yùn)動(dòng),使活動(dòng)刀片和固定刀片相錯(cuò)而切斷鋼筋。并用型鋼焊接了鋼架,使其結(jié)構(gòu)盡可能的簡(jiǎn)單。在設(shè)計(jì)中,我盡可能的采用通用部件,從而使設(shè)計(jì)周期縮短,成本降低。設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中,我主要考慮了機(jī)器的性能以及經(jīng)濟(jì)性,在保證其完成工作要求的前提下,盡可能的提高其性價(jià)比。這是我第一次搞這樣的綜合性的設(shè)計(jì),所以設(shè)計(jì)中難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)一些漏洞或不足之處,如一些結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì),標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的選用或一些經(jīng)濟(jì)性上的構(gòu)思可能有欠妥當(dāng),造成一些不必要的浪費(fèi),敬請(qǐng)各位老師給予批評(píng)和指正。通過(guò)這次設(shè)計(jì),使我的綜合考慮問(wèn)題的能力得到了提高,而且通過(guò)綜合的運(yùn)用機(jī)械知識(shí),使自己的專業(yè)水平得到了很大的進(jìn)步。夠已經(jīng)能初步的將理論知識(shí)運(yùn)用到實(shí)踐中去,為以后的工作打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 29 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)致謝畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的最后一站,它與以往的課程設(shè)計(jì)不同。課程設(shè)計(jì)主要是針對(duì)某一門課程或幾門課程進(jìn)行的綜合練習(xí),而畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是綜合性的,它反映了學(xué)生對(duì)所學(xué)各門專業(yè)知識(shí)運(yùn)用能力。通過(guò)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的鍛煉,使我們運(yùn)用專業(yè)知識(shí)的能力得到了進(jìn)一步提高,知識(shí)得到了鞏固,使我們對(duì)設(shè)備的整體設(shè)計(jì)思想有了更進(jìn)一步的認(rèn)識(shí),通過(guò)對(duì)臥式鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì),我們運(yùn)用了各門專業(yè)課程,再一次夯實(shí)了我們的知識(shí)。本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)在雒運(yùn)強(qiáng)老師的悉心指導(dǎo)下完成的,由付其鳳老師審核,對(duì)此我們表示衷心的感謝。由于我們水平有限,設(shè)計(jì)中難免有不足,歡迎各位老師指正批評(píng)。 本 科 畢 業(yè) 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明 書 ( 論 文 ) 第 30 頁(yè) 共 30 頁(yè)參 考 文 獻(xiàn)1 蘇翼林主編.材料力學(xué)(第3版).天津:天津大學(xué)出版社,20012 孫桓,陳作模主編.機(jī)械原理(第6版).北京:高等教育出版社,20013 李繼慶,陳作模主編.機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ).北京:高等教育出版社,19994 梁崇高等著.平面連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的計(jì)算設(shè)計(jì).北京:高等教育出版社,19935 劉政昆編著.間歇運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu).大連:大連理工大學(xué)出版社,19916 伏爾默J等著.連桿機(jī)構(gòu).石則昌等譯.北京:機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社,19907 田野編寫.我國(guó)鋼筋調(diào)直切斷機(jī)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展.建筑機(jī)械化,2005年第1期23頁(yè)8 王慰椿.機(jī)械基礎(chǔ)與建筑機(jī)械.南京:東南大學(xué)出版社,19909 高蕊.鋼筋切斷機(jī)切斷過(guò)程分析及最大沖切力的計(jì)算.建筑機(jī)械,1995第2期24-25頁(yè)10 何德譽(yù).曲柄壓力機(jī).北京:清華大學(xué)出版社,198711 車仁煒,陸念力 王樹(shù)春.一種新型鋼筋切斷機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)研究.機(jī)械傳動(dòng),2004年第2期48-49頁(yè)12 高蕊.鋼筋切斷機(jī)刀片合理側(cè)隙的保證方法.建筑機(jī)械化,1997年第4期37-38頁(yè) 13 王平,張強(qiáng),許世輝.鋼筋調(diào)直切斷機(jī)的頂?shù)杜c連切J.建筑機(jī)械,1997年第5期47-48頁(yè)14 宜亞麗.鋼筋矯直切斷機(jī)剪切機(jī)構(gòu)研究分析.機(jī)械,2004年第10期14-16頁(yè)15 孟進(jìn)禮,衛(wèi)青珍.對(duì)鋼筋切斷機(jī)發(fā)展的幾點(diǎn)看法.建筑機(jī)械化,2000年第2期14-15頁(yè)16 Trans.ASME.77(2),1955Digital system in the horizontal grinder application of the status quo and development trendModern industrial production, small and large parts for the production of products of the increasing proportion of parts complexity and precision requirements rapidly increase, the traditional general machine tools has become increasingly difficult to meet the requirements of modern production, and a high-precision CNC machine tools, high-efficiency, the use of a machine can complete complex type face processing characteristics, in particular the rapid development of computer technology and the widespread use of digital systems, digital devices from almost all major software functions to achieve, almost to a hardware, thereby making it more flexible processing, functional stronger. Manufacturing competition from lower labour costs early, product cost and improve their overall efficiency and quality of competition, to meet customer demands comprehensive, actively develop new products competitive, will face knowledge - technical - updated products has become shorter and shorter, an increasing number of small products, and the quality, performance requirements are higher, Meanwhile community to environmental protection, the growing awareness of green manufacturing. Therefore advanced manufacturing technology will be quickly won the competition and survival of the enterprise, the principal means of development. Computer information technology and manufacturing automation technology more closely integrated, flexible production automation as an important foundation for digital machine in the production of machine tools to share more. First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primaril. First, digital Ping finds the status quo and digital systems primarilyHorizontal grinder compared to the lathe, milling machine, using digital systems later, the special requirements because of its digital systems. In the past decade, with the technical facility, grinder, the grinding wheel for repair, automatic compensation, automatic exchange grinding wheel, and more workstations, such as automatic transmission and Zhuangjia working inoperable realized, and digital technology in the horizontal grinder, gradually spread. In recent Hanover, Tokyo, Chicago, and other large domestic machine tool exhibition, CNC grinder throughout the grinder, for the majority of the exhibits, such as Germany Blohm company ELB companies such famous grinder factories no longer produce ordinary grinder Japanese Forces, Japan, the company also Hing bulk production facility-wide functional ping himself. in the development of high-grade digital ping himself while actively developing, low digital ping himself. German production company a few years ago ELB brilliant series two coordinates facility shaped grinder, the vertical and horizontal axis for digital, vertical for hydraulic control, grinding wheel repair work platform installed in a roller diamonds, the application of broader; SUPER-BRILLIANT series is one-dimensional and shaped grinder Sanzuobiao facility, the beds are manufactured using natural granite, high geometric accuracy, slide away from straight rolling guide, driving without recoiling machinery, thus ensuring a better working surface smoothness; BRILLIANT-FUTURE series of improvements to the above two products, using artificial granite bed was produced by static pressure vertical guide, Chixing belt transmission, vertical and horizontal guide for pre reinforced straight rolling guide, Gunzhusigang transmission, three-axis CNC control AC servo electrical, measuring 0.5 m 16ug image. ELB company has also developed the latest technology grinder contemporary products, and integration with computer and technology-based series of soft skills CAM-MASTER processing modules CAD-MASTER series and COMPACT-MASTER series grinding processing center, a maximum of up to 24 axis control axis, As the full implementation of modular design and manufacture of dedicated grinder cycle shortened ELB company has also developed a variety of highly efficient dedicated grinder, such as SFVG100/2 dedicated grinder, which will tilt Motou, continuous improvements, to ease into, ramps while grinding function with 11 root axis CNC control, as one finds processing center. British and American companies JONES&SHIPMAN A-B company developed A-B8600 digital systems for digital FORMAT5 type ping himself from the facility hydraulic control valves, driven vertical movement can be governor, to the use of horizontal and Motou into Gunzhusigang deputy, Electrical DC servo-driven, intermittent style grinding wheel repair, CRT graphics simulation showed. Also be used with other types of digital systems to meet different user requirements.Currently, the semiconductor master degrees continual increase in the newly introduced system in the appearance of smaller, more compact structure, functions increased distance communications, remote diagnosis, multiple plane networking etc.; Interface to the Windows operating system to increase the mouse, remote operation of vehicles. Fanuc major company this year launched 18I, 16I, 20I, 21I system Siemens is 840D, 810D, 802D are tight structure type system. There are a number of manufacturers such as : Taiwan Precision Machinery Research and Development Center developed PA8000NT series CNC controls on the use of the Windows operating system of NC, and NT immediate multi-processing core, single-section procedures for processing speed 2,000 pieces / s, single-section pre-1000 time to deal with a few pieces, with Aart (pre-adaptation technologies) and the parameters of the best learning function would follow error convergence to zero, the software processing path filter to reduce machining process generated by the acceleration changes excessive mechanical resonance, thereby improving surface roughness; with the use of servo flexible, with +, -10V analogy servo interface It also provides international standards SERCOS digital servo communications interface design Tixingtu ;PLC procedures, structure expressions, functional pieces, instructions code, flowcharts, five grammar, facilitate design, communication and maintenance; long-range communications with the computer, instant remote maintenance functions; control can be extended to a maximum axle and spindle axis 64. I/O points which can be expanded to 792/528 point, the introduction of Pentium processors, high-speed Plc processing speed to 25K. Apart from the world famous Siemens, Fanuc digital systems, such as professional development and production of the plant has been applied to many horizontal or shaped grinding system, a number of production plants Ping finds itself actively developed application in the digital grinder system. Notably : Siemens SINUMERIK 840D of the system, the system has more than 20 roots servo axis, the coordinates for the trip control, manual data entry or imported through external computer, remote diagnosis may reduce the grinding wheel diameter change itinerary, grinding wheel repair of automatic compensation Gunzhusigang gap error compensation. Siemens 3G system is specifically for grinding and processing development, for both dialogue with the presentation devices operate in axis tilt, can also be straight and arc widely in grinding, recurring operational cycle, such as the main axis swing, and use external signal interruption implementation procedures, grinding wheel cut, grinding wheel repair, and other special functions for the preparation of a fixed cycle procedures. Not only can use its external measurement devices (switches signal), but when connected to a suitable time to first measurement and control devices directly to the ultimate size comparison. American companies ALLEY-BRANDLY production 8400CNC, 8600CNC digital series apply lathe, milling machine and grinder, 8400CNC up to 6 roots servo axis control, the Section 2 axle may drain, the three axis may helix spaced, six axle straight drain. 8600CNC series of coordinates to control 17, including eight in the drain axle, eight spaces control axle and one allegation that a graphic shown that the expansion of branch procedures that processing time, high-speed access procedures, cutlery life monitoring function. Japanese companies developed FANUC OG high-speed high-performance digital systems, which O-GSG applicable to horizontal grinder, the grinding parts under different shapes, four different methods of grinding, a grinding wheel axle angle control function shortage grinding, Cumo, Jingmo, no spark grinding a grinding cycle of grinding wheel flow position after finishing compensation function, Compared to repair vehicles were repaired round normal line direction control functions roller outer arc radius compensation for the rehabilitation of the functional, grinding wheel shape graphics and grinding parameters show that the functional, system smallest unit set 0.1 16ug m, a tight - type digital systems, lower prices.There are also companies such as Germany and the University jointly developed by ELB UNICON system. Japanese big cove ironworker OSP5000G-G,OSP30-NF such as self-development and shaped grinding digital print system, the maximum control OSP5000G-G nine coordinates, which can be linked six coordinates, a 12-inch hall, interactive programming, automatic identification of cutting factor used diskettes imported, into automated systems, the smallest pulse equivalent, the mobile equivalent and testing equivalent 16ug are 0.1 m, Ping himself also used simultaneously by the entire loop detectors. Although there is the ping himself factory using digital Zhujichang system, but self-development of software, use it more suitable for horizontal and shaped grinding, such as German company Siemens SINUMERIK 810 Jung based, the company specialized software used by Jung Kontur programming language for a shaped grinding wheel repair, and graphics supporting operational functions. Japan sincerely companies in Fanuc digital systems hardware companies, the OPL development language for grinding processing, and so on. The linear electrical, balance, technology, the growing due process, and greatly enhance the efficacy of machine tools, the application of appropriate measurement techniques for the development and use of digital systems, machine tools and electrical automatic control functions to redouble their might. Second, the development of domestic digital Ping finds Since the start of production digital horizontal grinder 1980s, the development of the manufacturers have developed separately, the development of cooperation with universities and research units direct to introduce mature digital systems development. For example : Hangzhou Machine Tool Plant is a history of 50 years of professional graphic grinder of factory production, which began production in the mid-1980s from digital ping himself, has developed a production MGK7132 straight axle rule Taiwan high-precision ping himself, MK7130 series ordinary digital ping himself, MLK7140 digital relief to shape himself into, MGK7120, MK7163, MK7150 straight axle rule Taiwan digital ping himself, MKY7760 vertical shaft digital double carry noodles himself, MKY7660, MKY7650/101 straight axle digital double carry noodles himself, and HZ-K1610,HZ-K2010,HZ-050 CNC,HZ-KD2010, HZ-K3015, HZ-K3020, such as dedicated digital Dragon Gate Type HZ-K4020 horizontal grinder and guide. The development and application of digital systems, developed in cooperation with universities and scientific research units in the Shanbanji system, but also for self-development to the mainframe Chanpianji the simple control system, and the use of digital Zhujichang mature digital production system. Ping finds its production MGK7120 high-precision, the company introduced Japan Fanuc MATE-D purchased digital recording system to control Motou chin, chin to the smallest volume 0.1 16ug m, a complete automatic grinding cycle functions. MKY7650/101 carry noodles grinder is fully automatic digital double technical cooperation with the Italian company Viotto products using Siemens Simatic S5-115U programmable controller control CRT display, machine tools left, right Motou driven by the two axis DC servo electrical, machine tools capable of manual and automatic grinding cycle of adjustment options. Equipped with Italian Maerbosi E9-measurement systems, the first two measurements, a measurement grinding wheel, grinding wheel wear and tear of feedback to the control system, Abrasive Wheels compensation; Another measure after her first measurements grinding, and measurements of the control system into the servo compensation for electrical; Left and right Motou used for position measurement Viotto raster control, Having achieved a whole sets from the expected completion of the entire loop grinding and fully automatic processing. HZ-050CNC digital linear rolling guide dedicated grinder is the Shanghai Science and Technology for the production of key industrial projects in the third research and development project dedicated grinder. Both functional and shaped grinding flat grinding function, and it has adopted the U.S. company A-B 8400MP digital production system, a seven-kan digital axis machine tools, X, Y, Z into three roots Motou to axle and U, V, W 3 root grinding wheel repair axle direct control by the system, Another Q for the horizontal grinding wheel horizontal axis into the (one-dimensional with grinding) through SLC programmable controller plus wife positioning module, the mainframe system I/O imported 8400MP control its position, with continuous improvements in the grinding, grinding wheel or gap-type grinding wheel to repair such automatic processing into compensation.HZ-KD2010 six-axle double-Motou Dragon Gate digital graphic grinder, using FANUC-0MC digital systems, using four roots CNC axis control two separate horizontal and vertical into Motou to use a PMC peripheral Motou control of the grinding wheel axle repair vehicles lords-chin to the other roots PMC axis control Almighty Motou sub-degree rotation. Take full advantage of the system performance, reduce production costs and enhance the Xingjiabi of machine tools.Third, I look at the development of digital grinder I plant digital grinder development to the present, already has considerable strength as mainframe production plant, our digital systems have developed have come from totally dependent on the system vendor to its initial capacity of a general development process, but the application of digital systems is increasing mechanical transmission chain performance, alternative mechanical hand round, simple processing cycle stage, Compared with the advanced level, there are a lot of gaps in the precision machine tools, automation functions, processing efficiency, reliability, etc. have many needs improvement, a breakthrough issue to be resolved. I think we should all types of plants currently produce the product structure, the use of technology to products summary analysis of its length or, how products can compete to achieve automatic functions, and how to gradually develop a plan to facilitate the learning and work; To digital software development, technology or conditional assignment learning with the development trend, hardware on the market, will manufacture products in new technologies, new functional itemized practice applications to narrow the gap with advanced world levels. With digital systems to improve performance and reliability, reasonable prices, so that digital grinder and ordinary grinder pricing acceptable to the vast number of users and with advanced manufacturing technology and automation in production demands increase, the use of digital grinder will be more extensive. Ping digital processing soft skills and other grinder will be better and more efficient high-grade mill processing center dedicated digital grinder direction. We believe accompanied by computer, in-depth information technology revolution, digital grinder in its intelligence, and information control, the system will be great progress. How to keep the advance of history, finding suitable for the characteristics of our own path of development, the breakthrough in the search for technological progress, is the focus of our work, which is related to the future development and survival of key enterprises.
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