牛津滬教版六上英語專題講解-首字母填空

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1、牛津滬教版-六上英語-專題講解-首字母填空 Teaching Content 專題講解-首字母填空（一） Teaching Objects 掌握首字母填空的做題方法 Important Points 詞性及詞意的確定 Difficult Points 詞性及詞意的確定 Teaching Aids 三色筆、教案 Content 1 .詞匯量出了問題 2 .詞義理解出了問題 3 .詞性判斷出了問題 4 .詞形變化出了問題 5 .沒有仔細檢查 分類 詞類 名稱 意義 例詞 功能 實詞 名詞 Noun(n.) 表示人或

2、事物的名稱 boy、bag 主、賓、表、 定、補足、同 位 代詞 Pronoun(pron.) 主要用來代替名詞或數(shù)詞 we、some 主、賓、表、 定、同位 數(shù)詞 Numeral (num.) 表示人或事物的數(shù)目或順序 one、 second 主、賓、表、 定 形容詞 Adjective (a./ adj.) 表示人或事物的性質(zhì)或特 征， 用來修飾名詞或代詞 cute、good 表、定、狀、 補足 副詞 Adverb (ad./adv.) 表示時間、地點、程度等， 用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副 詞等 recently 、 where、much

3、 狀 動詞 Verb(v.) 表小動作或狀態(tài) open、know 謂 虛詞 冠詞 Article (art.) 用在名詞前幫助說明其詞義 a、an、the 不能單獨作 成分，需和其 他詞一■起構(gòu) 成短語在句 中作成分 介詞 Preposition(prep.) 用在名詞或代詞前，表示該 名詞或代詞與其他詞的關(guān)系 on、by 連詞 Conjunction (conj. ) 用來連接詞、短語或句子 and、but 感嘆詞 Interjection (interj 表示說話時的感情或語氣 oh、wow 1 .通覽全文，了解大意

4、 依據(jù)首句給的啟示，借助短文中關(guān)鍵詞所提供的信息，越過空檔，盡快把全文讀完，建立語言 I 11 的整體感，幫助我們了解短文大意。在閱讀時要特別注意一篇文章的開頭（一般不設(shè)空）和結(jié)尾， ; I 它們能提供主要的信息，幫助了解全文所描述的事件或文章的中心思想。 ? ' ■ ? ■■一■?■■―■■■■一■■■■■，■■■.■，■■■,■，■■■，■■■一■，■■一■，■■■，.，■■■，■，■■■■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■■一 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Reading books is a good hobby for all kinds of reasons. First, reading

5、 books is f. You can always keep yourself amused if you like readin g Next, you can read a book a: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed— even in the bath … A good reason for reading books is that it is useful。 Some people say that reading is out of date. This is not tru e Good readers

6、 are most likely to be good writers, to o- 2 .復(fù)讀短文抓信息，前后照應(yīng)巧猜詞 飛 ? 在了解文章大意的前提之下再次通讀短文，目的是對短文有更進一步的了解。在閱讀過程中， 要注意上、下文的關(guān)系，這對于把握文章的整體意義大有用處。 有些短文填空題，有時出現(xiàn)約3%~5% 的生詞是很正常的，這就要求學(xué)生根據(jù)構(gòu)詞知識或上、下文的意思加以猜測，來確定它的詞義。 、一 — 一一一一 ———B 一一一 一 一 一 一一 一 一一一 一 一一 一 一 一 一一 一 一一一 一 一一 一 一 一 一一 一 一一— 一 —_ _— 一— 一 一

7、一— 一 一一 — 一 一 一一一 Next, you can read a book a: in a car, in a waiting-room, on a plane, in bed —even in the bath … 3 .綜合考慮，先易后難 遇到困難，暫放一邊，先易后難，這是解題之道。因為有些答案是必須通過下文的理解后才能作出 ; I I 斷定的。有時，前后信息之間還有 相互提示作用。 、 一. 4 .復(fù)讀檢驗，消除疏漏 二 ， 復(fù)查時，可從語法入手，檢查一下句子的時態(tài)、主謂一致、代詞的性、數(shù)、格以及詞

8、語的搭配 ] 等是否正確。從詞性上下手，先確定填的是什么詞性，接下來再想內(nèi)容詞。接下來的臺階式訓(xùn)練法 的第一關(guān)就是有關(guān)于詞性訓(xùn)練的。 臺階一：掌握七種句子成分與十種詞性之間的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。通過對單一成分的分類練習(xí)，掌握該句 II 子成分與何種詞性相對應(yīng)。詞性正確是答案正確的前提。 (1)對主語的判斷 1. T are helpful to students. 2. H is more important to me than money. 3. F is my favourite sport. 4. C stamps is my hobby. she _ the b D

9、idn ' my ho (2)對謂語的判斷 John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c over to him. “ My boy,' a, “Is your father at home? ” “Yes, " a John. The woman began r rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t back to John and s angrily, s that your father was at home? ” “I did : an

10、swered John, “but this i (3)對賓語的判斷 1. Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast d in Shanghaiafter his long absence from the city. 2. Thank you for your k. (4)對表語的判斷 1. It is i for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. 2. The sick man is getting w. 3. Patrick is going to be an e when he grows up

11、. 4. Such cold weather is quite u in June and people have to wear warm clothes again. 5. It ' ps a to have a picnic with all the members. (5)對定語的判斷 1. The f exams usually take place at the end of June. 2. On a c night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. 3. This is an i book. 4. The Fre

12、nch artist said, fit is myme to visit Shanghai. I love this city so much. 3 / 7 牛津滬教版-六上英語-專題講解-首字母填空 (6)對狀語的判斷 1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kongso e 2. Watch c, and you will find the difference between the two pictures. 3. After flying in t

13、he storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed s at last. (7)對連詞的判斷 British teenagers can leave school at sixteen after taking their GCSE exams. They study for exams in as many as ten subjects, s they have to work pretty hard! ?— ■ — —B—M- M H M H M H M H M H —W—M- M H -W—M- M H M- M H -W—M-

14、 M H -W—M ? -H—M- M H —W——n—M- M W —W—M W —W—M W -H—M— j臺階二:在牢記了七種句子成分與十種詞性的對應(yīng)關(guān)系之后，多做做綜合的 用所給單詞的正確形 式填空”，提高對句子成分的判斷能力。熟練掌握詞性轉(zhuǎn)化的技巧是通向首字母完形的第二步 ; F IMI I^B I^B I^B I^B i^B I^B i^B I^B i^B I^B i^B I^B ，^■ I^B I^B I^B Mb ^Bl ^Bl 1. Fried food tastes quite good, but in fact it is food. (health) 2. To

15、m's made the people all over the world sad. (die) 3. Let me myself to everyone. (introduction) 4. Jack's parents are proud of his. (honest) 5. Luckily, the man wasn't hurt. (bad) 6. I saw a dog(lie) in front of our house this morning. 臺階三:鍛煉自己的發(fā)散和歸納思維的能力，或稱為 猜謎”的能力 W—>W—>W—>W—>W— Exercise:

16、 Guess the missing word. 1 .are helpful to students. 2 .are helpful to students. They give them knowledge. 3 .are helpful to students. In class they teach them knowledge and after class they care for them like parents. 4 .are helpful to students. They keep them healthy. 臺階四:對詞性、詞義、詞形的精確判斷階段，即綜合

17、運用階段 ： ■ ■ ■ —— ■ ■ ―― ■ ■ ■ ―― ■ ■ ■ ―― ― ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■產(chǎn) 練習(xí)的時候可以由淺入深的，剛開始可以看點簡單的，關(guān)鍵還是鍛煉自己判斷詞性的能力。 A driver stopped his car on a street side to have a rest. He lay down in the seat and c his eyes. A man came up and k at the window to ask the time. The driver o his eyes and looked

18、 at his watch. "It's 8 a.m." he said. Then he went to sleep again. But soon he woke up b a second person was knocking at the window. "Sir, do you have the time?" he asked. The driver looked at his watch again, and told the man it was 8:30a.m. At this rate, he could not have a good rest, so he w

19、rote a short n and put it upon the window fo all to see. It s :"I don't have the time." Again the man lay down in the seat for his sleep. A few minutes later, a t person came along a nd began knocking at the window. " Hay, sir, " he said. "It is a quarter to nine. 臺階五:熟能生巧階段。要做到舉重若輕，必須在前四步的基礎(chǔ)

20、上作長期系統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練，把上述知 識演化為解題技能。 題材：禮儀文化 時間：7' At some time in your life, you might have a roommate. It is a good idea to share a flat, especially for students or people who have just finished schoo l because flats are usually expensiveAnd m 1 is not the only reason for having a roommate Sharing a flat

21、 can be fun. But life with a roommate can also be a t 2 experience. Some experts（專家）did a study of college students who shared a room They found that students who had problems with their roommates were not happy at school and were more likely to get sick than other studentSo,how can you l 3 with a

22、 roommate and enjoy it? Here is some advice: be Being roommates with a friend can be hard. Friends may be different when you stay with them all the time from when you don ' t see them very o. So, before you plan to share a room with a friend discuss the situation carefully If you decide to share

23、a room with someone you don , talk ttoknown other. It ' s important to h 5 about your habits and things you hate When you move in with a roommate , make rules. Decide how you will share h 6, such as the unhappy things cleaning, washing and shopping. W川 you share food? Is it OK to have guests? And

24、 what about loud music? Don' t get angry at small things that your roommate doeTry to f 7 you and your roommate No one — including you — is perfect.（上海 2013 中考真題） Exercises [from Previous SHEE]  I . Choose the best answer .處出最恰當?shù)拇鸢福? 1. What fine work, isn ?' ' t it D. an D. to live D. nic

25、ely A./ B. the C. a 2. He used in the countryside. A. live B. to living C. living 3. The dish tastes. A. wonderfully B. badly C delicious 4. We must do exercise to make ourselves . A. enough healthy B. healthy enough C. enough health D. health enough 5. Can you keep the children, please? It

26、' s too noisy. D. quietly A. quite B. quitely C. quiet 6. What you? A do, need to buy B. need ,to buy C. do, need buy D need, buying 7. .a sunny morning, we went shopping. D. From A. In B. On C. At 8. ---I don ' t play the piano every day. A. So he do B. Neither he does 9 .does it take you

27、 to come to school? A .How often B. How much 10 .carefully before you answer the question. A. To think B. Think C. Neither does he D. So does he C. How many C. Thinking D. How long D. Thinks 7 / 7 n .Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括號中所給單詞的適當形 式完

28、成下列句子) 11. The shop is on the floor in the shopping center. (five) 12. Every year a lot of come to Shanghai to do some shopping. (visit) 13. We saved money to help animals in great need. (home) 14. My sister is much than me after doing a lot of exercise regularly.(health) 1 5., wait for the coo

29、king oil to cool. Put some garlic powder on it. (final) 16 .The Summer Palace is one of the most places of interest in Beijing.(excite) in . Rewrite the sentences as required （按要求改寫句子，將答案填入答題紙內(nèi)，每空格限填一詞） 17 . Mary needs to buy a silk scarf as her mother ' s birthday present.( Mary to buy a silk s

30、carf as her mother ' s birthday present. 18 .We have already visited the Great Wall.(改為一般疑問句) you visited the Great Wall? 19 . Let ' s watch DVDs in the haft為反意疑問句) Let，s watch DVDs in the hall,? 19.1 can see this information sign in the park.］寸劃線部分提問) you see this information sign? 21.Of all

31、the singers, his favourite singer is Jay Chou.保持句子意思不變) ,he Of al 22 .Japan is in East Asia. China is in East Asia, too含并為一句） Japan China are in East Asia. 23 . It takes the moon about a month to move around the earth.（對戈 U 線部分提問） does it take the moon to move around the earth? dern th IV .Re

32、ading comprehension （閱讀理解） Life in the past was much harder than it is today because people didn ings（ tot Ihavwiitho great peace and convenience. Now, people can have a c 72 and enjoyable life with the help of modern machines and medicine. However, life today has got some new problems. One of th

33、e biggest is p 73 . In big cities, heavy traffic pollutes the air and makes cities so noisy . In addition, people use machines to make more d 74 water which pollutes our rivers and lakes. T 75 have a better life, we must work hard to fight against pollution. The first thing we must do is to make ru

34、les, for example, we must clean the water before it is put into rivers. We must plant more tree） instead of c 76 them down. And we can build more underground lines to help reduce堿少）air pollution as well as noise pollution. The more we help reduce pollution, the better our life will be in the future. Therefore, we must work harder to have a more p 77 and convenient life. It s our duty from now on! 72. 73 74. 75. 76.77. Reflection Homework