高中英語復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 Working the land課件 新人教版必修4.ppt

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1、Unit 2 Working the land,知識歸納,(一) 基本單詞 1. _ vi. 十年期 3. _ adj. 特級的;超級的 4. _ n. 產(chǎn)量;輸出 5. _ n. 莊稼;農(nóng)作物;產(chǎn)量 6. _ adj. 引起煩惱的; 令人不安的,struggle,decade,super,output,crop,disturbing,知識清單,7. _ vt. 因而 12. _ n. 谷物;糧食;顆粒 13. _ n. 國籍,expand,circulate,therefore,nationality,battle,freedom,grain,14. _ n. 工作; 職業(yè); 占領(lǐng) 15.

2、_ vt. 遺憾; 惋惜 n. 遺憾; 懊悔 16. _ n. 生產(chǎn);制造 17. _ n. 細菌(bacterium的復(fù)數(shù)) 18. _ n. 害蟲 19. _ n. 營養(yǎng);滋養(yǎng);食物 20. _ n. 礦物;礦石,regret,bacteria,pest,nutrition,occupation,production,mineral,21. _ n. 土壤 22. _ n. 焦點; 中心點 vt. 集中; 聚焦 23. _ vt. 減少; 減縮 24. _ n. 根;根源 25. _ vt. 瀏覽;略讀 26. _ vt. 畫底線標(biāo)出;強調(diào) 27. _ n. 評論; 議論 vi. 作出評論

3、,focus,reduce,ment,soil,root,skim,underline,(二) 派生單詞 28. _ n. 饑餓;欲望 vt. 進口,hunger,hungry,equip,equipment,export,import,31. _ n. 發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)覺 _ v. 發(fā)現(xiàn) 32. _ vt. 使迷惑; 使為難 _ adj. 令人迷惑的 _ adj. 感到迷惑的 _ n. 迷惑 33. _ n. 總結(jié); 摘要; 概要 _ vt. 總結(jié),confuse,confusing,confused,confusion,summary,summarize,discovery,discover,1.

4、 幸虧,由于,因為 _ 2. 擺脫,除去 _ 3. 對感到滿意 _ 4. 寧愿,寧可 _,thanks to,rid of,be satisfied with,would rather,(三) 短語,5. 逐漸增強; 建立; 開發(fā) _ 6. 導(dǎo)致; 造成 (后果) _ 7. 集中(注意力/精力等) _ 8. 使免受(影響;傷害等); 使不含 (有害物) _,build up,lead to,focus on,keep.free from/of,1. Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If n

5、ot, what kind of plant would you like to try growing? if so與if not都是條件狀語從句的縮略形式, 分別表示肯定和否定。,(四) 句式,2. Dr.Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句 3. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. the firstn.to do. 意為“第一個要做

6、的”,4. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 倍數(shù)表達法: Abe倍數(shù)asadj.asB Abe倍數(shù)比較級thanB Abe倍數(shù)(由某些形容詞變化而來的)n.ofB,5. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people

7、s health. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時,1. struggle vt. 掙扎 課文原句 Indeed, his sunburned face and arms and his slim and strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的確,他那被太陽曬的黝黑的臉龐和手臂,以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實的身體,就跟其他千百萬的中國農(nóng)民一樣,過去五十年來,他一直努力幫助他們。,核心要點,一、單詞,【歸納】 struggl

8、e to do sth. 艱難地做某事, 掙扎著做某事 struggle for 為而斗爭 struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來 struggle with (against) 與作斗爭, 同搏斗 struggle to ones feet 掙扎著站起來,struggle指較長時間的、激烈的斗爭,往往指肉體及精神上的戰(zhàn)斗。 fight意為“搏斗,打斗,打架”,表示“斗爭”時,包含體力和勇猛的因素。,struggle fight,用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。 1. Fish struggle _ survival when the water level drops in the la

9、ke. 2. For years he has been struggling _ cancer. 3. He struggled _ his attacker who then ran off.,for,with / against,with,2. expand vt. 使變大; 使增強; 闡述 vi. 擴大; 增加; 增強 課文原句 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the field. 袁博士(開始)在不增加農(nóng)田面積的基礎(chǔ)上尋求水稻增產(chǎn)的途徑。 【歸納】 e

10、xpand.into 把擴展(發(fā)展, 膨脹)成 expand on/upon 闡述; 詳談,【拓展】 expansion n. 展開;膨脹;擴展 expansive adj. 廣闊的;易膨脹的,expand展開, 擴大, 不僅指尺寸的增加, 還可指范圍和體積的擴大。 extend伸出, 延伸, 指空間范圍的擴大, 以及長度、寬度的向外延伸, 也可指時間的延長。 spread伸開, 傳播, 一般指向四面八方擴大傳播的范圍, 如傳播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。 stretch伸展, 拉長, 一般指由曲變直、由短變長的伸展, 不是加長。,expand extend spread stretch,用ex

11、pand/extend/spread/stretch的適當(dāng)形式填空。 (1) The hot weather _ to October. (2) Water _ when it freezes. (3) He _ his body full. (4) The fire soon _ to the nearby building.,extended,expands,stretches,spread,3. equip vt. 配備 課文原句 He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agric

12、ulture. 于是他拿出幾百萬元幫助其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究。,【歸納】 equip.with. 用裝備 be equipped with 裝備著 equip.for sth./to do sth. 為了而裝備 well/poorly equipped 設(shè)備精良的/較差的 【拓展】 equipment n. 裝備; 設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞) a piece of equipment 一件設(shè)備,根據(jù)中英文提示完成下列句子。 1. 許多公司已在他們的出租車上安裝了全球定位系統(tǒng)。 Many panies _ _ GPS. 2. 你的訓(xùn)練使你能夠勝任將來的工作。 Your training will _ y

13、our future job.,have equipped their,equip you for,taxies with,4. therefore adv. 因此;所以;因而 課文原句 He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. 于是他拿出幾百萬元幫助其他人進行農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究。,therefore so thus,用therefore,so,thus填空。 She was caught cheating in the exam and _ she was punis

14、hed by her teacher. She coughed badly, _ she went to see a doctor. The tram stopped suddenly, _ causing the delay.,therefore,so,thus,5. confuse vt. 使迷惑;使為難; 使混亂;混淆 課文原句 It is important to explain this again or we will confuse the students. 把這個再解釋一次很重要,否則我們會使學(xué)生糊涂。 【歸納】 confuse.and/with. 把和混淆,【拓展】 con

15、fusion n. 混亂; 迷惑 confused adj. 困惑的; 煩惱的 confusing adj. 令人費解的;使人困惑的 in confusion 處于混亂狀態(tài) be confused about 被搞糊涂; 對迷惑不解,用confuse的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Some of the questions he asked were very _. 2. In _ I lost my bag and wasnt able to find it. 3. Im totally _. Could you explain that again? 4. Its easy to _ them b

16、ecause theyre so alike.,confusing,confusion,confused,confuse,6. regret vt. 遺憾; 惋惜 n. 遺憾;懊悔 【歸納】 regret to do sth. 遺憾地去做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做過某事 regret not to have done sth. 后悔沒做過某事 regret that 從句 遺憾 with great/deep regret 很遺憾 to ones regret 讓某人感到遺憾的是,【拓展】 regretful adj. 懊悔的,遺憾的,惆悵的 regrettable ad

17、j. 令人遺憾的,使人痛惜 的,可悲的,不幸的,將下列句子翻譯成英語。 1. 我很遺憾地告訴你,我不能幫助你。,I regret to tell you that I can not lend you a hand.,2. 他說他很后悔把事件的真相告訴了他母親。 3. 令他們感到非常遺憾的是,足球賽的票已經(jīng)賣光了。,He said he regretted telling / having told / that he had told the truth of the matter to his mother.,Much to their regret / To their great re

18、gret, the tickets for the football game were sold out.,7. focus n. 焦點; 中心點 v. 集中; 聚集 課文原句 They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他們主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。 【歸納】 focus on / upon 集中(注意力、精力等)于 focus ones attention/mind/energy on 集中注意力/心思/精力于,the focus of attention 關(guān)注的焦點 bring.into focus 使成為

19、焦點 in focus 對準(zhǔn)焦點; 清晰 out of focus 沒有對準(zhǔn)焦點; 不清晰,根據(jù)漢語意思補全下列句子。 1. 你必須努力把思想集中在工作和學(xué)習(xí)上。 You must try to _ work and study. 2. 這次討論的焦點是女性在廣告中的角色。 _ was the roles of women in advertising.,focus your mind on,The main focus of the discussion,8. reduce v. 減少; 減縮 課文原句 A healthy soil reduces disease and helps cro

20、ps grow strong and healthy. 肥沃的土壤減少了病蟲害并且有助于農(nóng)作物的茁壯成長。 【歸納】 reduce sth. to. 減少到 reduce sth. by. 減少了,be reduced to 淪落為; 陷入某種狀態(tài); 被降職到 reduce to silence使安靜下來 reduce to order 使恢復(fù)秩序;整理好 【拓展】 increase v. 增加,根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子。 1. 這里的人口現(xiàn)在已減少到5萬。 The population here has _ fifty thousand now. 2. 聽到這個壞消息,全班都安靜了下來。 Hea

21、ring the bad news, the class was _. 3. 據(jù)報道,那個地區(qū)的米價下降了5%。 It is reported that the price of the rice in that area _ 5%.,been reduced to,reduced to silence,was reduced by,9. ment vi. 因為 課文原句 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 多虧他的研究,聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中又多了

22、些方法。,二、短語,方法規(guī)律 owing to和thanks to的賓語所表達的內(nèi)容往往是正面的、積極的東西。 due to、because of和as a result of的賓語則為中性的內(nèi)容。在表達負面、消極的內(nèi)容時多用as a result of和due to。,【拓展】 表示“因為,由于”的短語還有: because of, owing to, on account of, due to, as a result of, result from,【溫馨提示】 以上這些都是介詞短語,因此后面可以跟名 詞或動名詞而不可以跟從句。,根據(jù)漢語提示,用thanks to完成下列句子。 1. I

23、t was all a great success _ (由于盡心竭力). 2. _ (多虧了你的幫助), we arrived there safely.,thanks to a lot of hard work,Thanks to your help,2. rid.of 擺脫; 除去 課文原句 Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 【拓展】 rid oneself of debts 還清債務(wù) rid sb. of ones doubt 消除某人的疑慮 r

24、id oneself of a bad habit 改掉不良習(xí)慣 get rid of 擺脫; 除去 be rid of 擺脫; 去掉,3. be satisfied with 對表示滿足或滿意 課文原句 Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. 袁隆平對生活非常滿足。 【拓展】 be happy with 對.滿意 be content with 對.滿意 be satisfied to do sth. 對做.感到滿意 to ones satisfaction= to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人滿意的是,4. would

25、rather 寧愿,寧可其后接動詞原形 課文原句 He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他寧愿把時間花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上。 【拓展】 would rather.than. 常用句式,意為“寧可(愿)(而)不要(愿)” would rather從句,從句要用虛擬語氣,用動詞的過去時表示。 would rather have done 本想做(而實際上未做),每個句子都有一處錯誤,請找出并改正。 1. This Sunday I would rather staying at home than go to the park. _ 2. H

26、e would rather dont go with me. _ 3. Id rather had the small apple. _,staying stay,dont not,had have,5. build up 逐漸增加,變得嚴(yán)重起來, (車輛)擁擠起來;積累, 積聚;加強(力量), 增強(體質(zhì));建立,開發(fā) 課文原句 These chemicals in the food supply build up in peoples bodies over time. 隨著時間的推移,食物中的這些化學(xué)成分會在人體中堆積。,【歸納】 build sb. / oneself up buil

27、d up ones body / strength / health 增強某人的體質(zhì),使某人更加強壯。,翻譯句子。 1. Hard working conditions build up character. 2. Im very glad to see that your vocabulary is gradually building up. 3. We are building up a good business.,艱苦的工作條件能磨練人的性格。,看到你的詞匯量在逐漸增長,我很高興。,我們的生意興隆。,6. lead to 導(dǎo)致; 造成(后果); 通向 課文原句 Many of the

28、se chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. 許多化學(xué)成分導(dǎo)致癌癥或其他疾病。 【拓展】 lead sb. to do sth. 誘導(dǎo)某人做某事,使某人做某事 lead sb. to sp. 帶領(lǐng)某人去某地 lead sb. into 帶某人進入 lead the way 引路, 帶路 lead/live/have a.life 過著樣的生活,用lead to翻譯下列句子。 1. 吃太多的糖會引起健康問題。 Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 2. 這條路通向公園。 Th

29、e road leads to the park. 3. 她帶領(lǐng)我們到了樓上的房間。 She led us to a room upstairs.,7. keep.free from /of 使免受(影響/傷 害); 使不含(有害物) 課文原句 They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals. 他們認為這樣會使地里的土壤更富含礦物

30、質(zhì),因而也會更加肥沃,同時還可以讓空 氣,土壤,水以及農(nóng)作物不受化學(xué)物質(zhì)的污染。,【拓展】 be free from/of. 無的; 免于的 for free 免費 free of charge 免費,1. If so, what did you do to grow them? 如果這樣的話, 你做了些什么來種植這些植物? if so意為“如果是這樣的話”, 是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的省略形式, 表示肯定意義, 如果表示否定意義, 則用 if not。,(三) 句式,if 構(gòu)成的其他省略形式: if any 如果有的話 if possible 如果可能的話 if necessary 如果必要

31、的話,2. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. the first/last/best/only/very/right .+n. + to do sth. 第一個/最后一個/最好的一個/唯一的/恰好的/合適的做某事的人/物 不定式放在表示次序的詞the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等詞后面,且這些詞與動詞不定式有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。,e.g. He i

32、s always the first to e and the last to leave. 他總是第一個來最后一個離開。 The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一個離開正在下沉的船的那個人是船長。,3. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的雜交水稻種子,農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。 倍數(shù)表達法: Abe倍數(shù)asadj.asB Abe倍數(shù)比較級thanB Abe倍數(shù)(由某些形容詞變化而

33、來的)n.ofB,e.g. Im not going out with a man whos twice as old as me. 我不愿意和一個年紀(jì)比我大一倍的男人一起參加社交活動。 My house is three times bigger than yours. 我的屋子比你的大三倍。 Your playground is 900 metres wide, three times the size of ours. 你們操場有900米寬, 是我們的三倍。,語法,動詞-ing形式作主語和賓語 一、動詞-ing形式作主語 動詞-ing形式作主語,表示一般或抽象的習(xí)慣性行為,謂語動詞用單數(shù)

34、。 e.g. Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit., 在一些句子中,常用it作形式主語放在句首,而把真正的主語放到句末。 如: It is very important remembering others names. It is no use crying over spilt milk.,二、動詞-ing形式作賓語 有些動詞后只能跟動詞-ing形

35、式作賓語,而不能跟動詞不定式作賓語。有此用法的動詞有:allow, advise, admit, appreciate, avoid, bear, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, mention, permit, practice, quit, risk, suggest等。,My mother advised asking a doctor to e and examine my eyes. Were considering paying a visit to the Sci

36、ence Museum., 有些動詞后既可跟動詞-ing形式作賓語,也可跟動詞不定式作賓語,但用法和意義都有所不同。這些動詞是:remember, forget, stop, regret, try, mean等。如: I remember meeting her at a party once. I want to try playing soccer this spring.,stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 mean to do sth. 想要做某事 mean doing sth. 意味著 try to do sth. 努力要做某

37、事 try doing sth. 試著做某事 remember to do sth. 記得要去做某事 remember doing sth. 記得做了某事, 動詞-ing形式用在動詞need, want, require等后表示“需要”時,用動詞-ing形式的主動形式或者用不定式的被動式表示被動意義。 e.g. The carpet really wants cleaning. = The carpet really wants to be cleaned., 動詞-ing形式作介詞的賓語。要特別注意: be / get used to, look forward to, pay attent

38、ion to, stick to, devote to等中的to都是介詞而不是動詞不定式符號。 e.g. My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early. Im looking forward to receiving your reply.,用動詞-ing形式(短語)把下列兩個句子 合并成一個句子。 1. You should know the students needs and interests. It is part of a teachers job. 2. Dont talk with your m

39、outh full. It is a bad habit.,Knowing the students needs and interests is part of a teachers job.,Talking with your mouth full is a bad habit so dont do it.,3. My mother gets up early every morning. That is a good habit. 4. Get all the materials ready before the end of this month. It is your homewor

40、k.,Getting up early every morning is my mothers good habit.,Getting all the materials ready before the end of this month is your homework.,1. I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _ (work) with students. (2016浙江) 2. _ (ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of

41、the worst mistakes you make. (2015安徽),【高考鏈接】,working,Ignoring,3. Its quite hot today. Do you feel like _ for a swim? (2014陜西) A. to go B. going C. go D. having gone,B,如何設(shè)計英文海報 英文海報是人們在日常生活中經(jīng)常使用的一種招貼形式的應(yīng)用文。它的使用場合非常廣泛,包括活動宣傳、招聘廣告和人物介紹等。 【寫作指導(dǎo)】 1. 明確海報的主題 明確你要寫的海報是活動宣傳、招聘廣告還是人物介紹。,寫作,2. 確定海報的格式 標(biāo)題:居于海報

42、正上方,用簡潔、引人注目的語言概括要宣傳的主題。 正文:海報正文沒有硬性規(guī)定的格式,可以根據(jù)海報的內(nèi)容靈活安排。 一般來說,海報的最前面要采用一些鼓動性較強的語句來吸引讀者的注意力,通常采用排比、反問、設(shè)問等修辭手法。, 接著列出海報的具體內(nèi)容: 寫活動宣傳的海報時,可以先介紹要宣傳的活動,再寫活動的時間、地點、目的、 活動安排以及主辦單位等。 寫招聘廣告的海報時,先介紹要招聘的職位,然后寫對求職者的要求等。 寫人物介紹的海報時,可以先把要介紹的人物的名字放在顯要位置,然后依次介紹該人物的出生時間、地點、特殊技能等,再簡單介紹該人物所從事的職業(yè)等。,結(jié)尾:海報發(fā)布時間常寫在海報左下角。 注意:

43、 1. 寫海報正文部分時,可以列小標(biāo)題,也可以整段介紹; 2. 英文海報通常含有通知性,所以主題應(yīng)該明確、一目了然; 3. 英文海報還包含廣告的某些特點,要求內(nèi)容簡明扼要,形式新穎美觀。,I. 用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. The instructions are terribly _ (confuse). Could you help me with them, please? 2. A puter is the most important piece of _ (equip) you will buy. 3. The new satellite TV channels offer

44、viewers greater _ (free) of choice.,鞏固練習(xí),confusing,equipment,freedom,4. His _ (discover) included 300 uses for peanuts and 200 uses for sweet potatoes. 5. She was so _ (hunger) for success that shed do anything to achieve it. 6. Boeing sells a third of its aircraft overseas, making it the biggest _

45、(export) in the United States.,discoveries,hungry,exporter,III. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語并用其正確形式填空(每個短語限用一次)。,build up focus on lead to care about thanks to over time,1. _ this treatment, her condition has improved. 2. Students are encouraged to consider the way language changes _. 3. She turned the camera and _ M

46、artins face.,Thanks to,over time,focused on,4. He has _ quite a fortune in that business. 5. I wele any change that will _ something better. 6. O f course I _ the homeless and the unemployed, but what can I do?,build up focus on lead to care about thanks to over time,built up,lead to,care about,II.

47、根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示,用動詞-ing 形式短語補全下面句子。 1. _ ( 找到一個停車位) is quite difficult in this area. 2. _ (鮑勃沒準(zhǔn)時出現(xiàn)) made Jane very angry. 3. _ ( 與我爭論) takes much of my little brothers time.,Finding a parking space,Bobs not turning up on time,Arguing with me,4. _ ( 在醫(yī)院做義工) is just one of Helen s activities. 5. _ ( 在線學(xué)習(xí))

48、helps students who dont have books.,Volunteering at the hospital,Studying online,IV. 用括號內(nèi)的單詞或短語改寫下面句子,并使句意基本保持不變。 1. I tell you all the time, but you won t listen. (keep) 2. Brad doesnt try to find a perfect pany any more. (give up) ,I keep telling you, but you wont listen!,Brad has given up finding

49、 a perfect pany.,3. He had to brake hard to try not to hit the deer. (avoid) 4. Kate decided to leave later than she had planned. (put off) 5. Its very kind of you to give me a gift. (appreciate) ,He had to brake hard to avoid hitting the deer.,Kate decided to put off her leaving.,I appreciate you g

50、iving me a gift.,6. I really want to visit Paris. (look forward to) 7. Emma managed to get a place at Oxford. (succeed in) ,Im looking forward to visiting Paris.,Emma succeeded in getting a place at Oxford.,8. I wish I hadnt eaten so much; Ive got a stomachache. (regret) ,I regret eating so much; Iv

51、e got a stomachache.,閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 (1 個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Inside a building on a farm in the UK countryside it is hot. 1. _ number of crickets ( 蟋蟀) there is growing at the rate of 60,000 a day. There are at least five other insect farms like this being developed in the UK and some believe that in

52、sect farming is the 2. _ (begin) of a new industry that will lead to a more environmentally friendly diet.,The,beginning,According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the worlds population 3. _ _ (reach) 9 billion by 2050 and demand for meat will likely rise by more than 4

53、0%. Livestock (牲畜) uses 1/3 of all cropland 4. _ (feed) it and produces 1/5 of all greenhouse emissions. The FAO also predicts rises in the price of meat.,will reach / is going,to feed,to reach,Eating insects is seen by some as a way 5. _ reducing some of these problems. At the moment, however, inse

54、cts are expensive, which insect farmers say is because insect farms at present are small. As 6. _ (produce) expands they will get larger and prices will go down. 7. _ (persuade) people to eat insects may be a struggle though.,of,production,Persuading / To persuade,The FAO says some 2 billion people in the world 8. _ (regular) eat insects. In spite of that, for most people insects are nothing but pests if 9. _ (find) in food or in the house and they will never be 10. _ (satisfy) with an insect diet.,regularly,found,satisfied,Thank you!,

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