2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 5 The power of nature Section Ⅲ Grammar教學(xué)案 新人教版選修6

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1、Section Ⅲ　Grammar——?jiǎng)釉~-ing形式的用法 課前語法感知 Ⅰ.教材語法感知 教材原句 ①Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. ②Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict wh

2、ere lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. ③Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. ④Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice. ⑤Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any clos

3、er. ⑥Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage. ⑦The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) (

4、1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式有一般式(doing)和完成式(having_done)兩種。 (2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之間一般沒有時(shí)間先后之分，如例句①。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作通常先于謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生，如例句②、③、④、⑤和⑥。一般情況下，非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語，倘若非謂語動(dòng)詞有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語，則構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，如例句⑦。 Ⅱ.真題語法感知 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)We will visit Disneyland Paris park, ________ (stay) until late to see the parade and t

5、he fireworks. 答案：staying 2．(2018·北京高考)A month before my first marathon, one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks, ________ (leave) me only two weeks to train. 答案：leaving 3．(2018·天津高考)He smiled, ________ (shake) his head. 答案：shaking 4．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has rec

6、ently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated. 答案：allowing 5．(2016·浙江高考)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do ________ (work) with students. 答案：working 6．(2016·天津高考)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, ________ (make) air conditioning

7、unnecessary. 答案：making 課堂合作探究 一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)及意義 名師點(diǎn)津 動(dòng)詞-ing形式的一般式也可以表示先于謂語的動(dòng)作，但是一般兩者之間沒有時(shí)間間隔，而其完成式則表示與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作有明顯的時(shí)間間隔。 【即景活用1】 單句寫作 ①站在山頂上，我發(fā)現(xiàn)下面的房子看起來像小玩具。 ____________________________________， I found the houses below look like tiny toys. ②由于我正在使用，這輛自行車不能借給你。 ____________ by m

8、e now, the bike can't be lent to you. ③排隊(duì)等了半個(gè)小時(shí)，這位老人忽然意識(shí)到他把支票落在了車?yán)铩? ____________________________________， the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. ④由于被交通阻塞耽擱，我晚到了一會(huì)兒。 ________________ by the traffic jam, I arrived a little late. ⑤因?yàn)闆]有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，我們決定不接受挑戰(zhàn)。 ________________

9、full preparation, we decided not to take on the challenge. 答案：①Standing on the top of the mountain?、贐eing used?、跦aving waited in the queue for half an hour?、蹾aving been held back?、軳ot having made 二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語，與句子主語在邏輯上是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，即句子主語是動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 【即景活用2】 單句寫作 ①他正接受提問，感到有點(diǎn)緊

10、張。 ________________ to answer the question, he felt a bit nervous. ②他躺在草地上，久久地凝望天空。 He lay on the grass, ____________ the sky for a long time. ③他們坐在花園里，談?wù)撝鞓返娜兆印? They sat in the garden, ________________________. ④杯子掉到了地板上，摔得粉碎。 The cup dropped onto the floor, __________________. ⑤因?yàn)闆]有被邀請(qǐng)參加宴會(huì)

11、，懷特先生決定自己去看電影。 ________________________ to the party, Mr White decided to treat himself to a movie. 答案：①Being asked?、趕taring at?、踭alking about the happy days?、躡reaking into pieces?、軳ot having been invited 課后演練提能 [基礎(chǔ)題] Ⅰ.單句語法填空 1．________(find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to

12、a lower level. 答案：Finding　 2．It snowed heavily last night, thus ________ (cause) the traffic problems today. 答案：causing　 3．He sent me an e-mail, ________ (hope) to get further information. 答案：hoping　 4．________ (judge) from media reports, the result has been unclear. 答案：Judging　 5．Not ______

13、__ (receive) her e-mail, I wrote her another one, telling her what I wanted her to do. 答案：having received　 Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．Love is a beautiful song, brings us wild joy and happiness. __________________________________ 答案：brings→bringing 2．The last bus went, we had to walk home. ____________________

14、______________ 答案：went→having gone 3．Living in Beijing for many years, Tom knew the city well. __________________________________ 答案：Living→Having lived 4．Generally spoken, body languages are important in our daily life. __________________________________ 答案：spoken→speaking 5．Compared the su

15、n with the earth, we find the latter is much smaller. __________________________________ 答案：Compared→Comparing Ⅲ.單句寫作 1．一般說來，漢語更為難學(xué)。 ________________， Chinese is more difficult to learn. 答案：Generally speaking 2．因?yàn)樵谶@個(gè)城市住的時(shí)間不長，我對(duì)它不很了解。 ________________ in this city very long, I knew little abo

16、ut it. 答案：Not having lived 3．孩子們唱著跳著進(jìn)了教室。 The kids entered the classroom, ______________. 答案：singing and dancing 4．別人給了她這樣一個(gè)好機(jī)會(huì)，她怎么能輕易放過？ ______________________ such a good chance, how could she let it get away? 答案：Having been given 5．看過所有的醫(yī)學(xué)證據(jù)，我現(xiàn)在不碰軟飲料了。 ________________ all the medical ev

17、idence, I don't touch soft drinks now. 答案：Having seen [能力題] Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A During an earthquake, you should know what to do. If the earthquake strikes while you are inside a house, you should lie on the floor under a strong table or other furniture. If there is no furniture, you can cover your head

18、 with your arms and keep still in the corner of the room. You should keep away from windows, glass walls, or anything that can fall. If you are in bed, hold firmly onto your bed and make use of a pillow to safeguard your head. You may use a doorway but only when it is close to you. It should also b

19、e considered whether it is strong enough to deal with the load. If you are running out, do not use lifts, even if they work. Electricity may go out at any time. Many injuries happen when people try to rush out. This means you ought to stay in your house or perhaps wherever you are. When you stay o

20、utdoors, you should stay far from buildings, power wires or lights. You should be in the open until the quake stops. Remember that many earthquake deaths outside the house come from falling apart walls, flying glass and other falling things. If an earthquake strikes and you are driving, you should

21、pull up to the side of the highway and stop as quickly as possible. You ought not to stop under trees, buildings or energy wires. Don't stop in the middle of the street as it could trouble others. When trapped, you shouldn't move. Your mouth should be covered with a piece of clothing or a handkerch

22、ief. This is because it is possible for you to breathe in some dust. Do not shout whenever possible. You should only shout in the end to get help from rescuers. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在地震中我們應(yīng)該怎樣自救。 1．What is the writer's purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell us the dangers of an earthquake. B．T

23、o tell us what to do before an earthquake. C．To tell us what to do when an earthquake strikes. D．To tell us why running during an earthquake is dangerous. 答案：C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“During an earthquake, you should know what to do.”可知選C項(xiàng)。 2．If there is no furniture in the room during an earthquake, you

24、 should ________. A．lie still on the floor B．stay near the window C．keep still in the corner of the room D．stay in the centre of the room 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“If there is no furniture, you can cover your head with your arms and keep still in the corner of the room.”可知C項(xiàng)正確。 3．According to the pas

25、sage, during an earthquake, you had better not ________. a．use a lift to escape B．stay outdoors c．cut off electricity D．keep driving to escape A．a(chǎn)，d B．b，c C．a(chǎn)，b D．c，d 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“If you are running out, do not use lifts ...”和第五段第一句“If an earthquake strikes and you are driving, yo

26、u should pull up to the side of the highway and stop as quickly as possible.”可知選A項(xiàng)。 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．When to call out for help in an earthquake. B．What to do when trapped in an earthquake. C．How to make use of a handkerchief in an earthquake. D．How to avoid breathing

27、 in some dust in an earthquake. 答案：B　段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When trapped, you shouldn't move. Your mouth should ...”可知，最后一段主要講的是在地震中被困住了該怎么做，故選B項(xiàng)。 1．furniture n. 家具 2.handkerchief n. 手帕 1．keep away from 遠(yuǎn)離…… 2.even if 即使 B (2018·玉溪高二檢測(cè))In the second half of each year, many powerful storms are

28、 born in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean seas. Of these, only about half a dozen generate the strong, circling winds of 75 miles per hour or more that give them hurricane status, and several usually make their way to the coast. There they cause millions of dollars of damage, and bring death to l

29、arge numbers of people. The great storms that hit the coast start as innocent circling disturbances hundreds—even thousands—of miles out to sea. As they travel aimlessly over water warmed by the summer sun, they are carried westward by the trade winds. When conditions are just right, warm, moist ai

30、r flows in at the bottom of such a disturbance, moves upward through it and comes out at the top. In the process, the moisture in this warm air produces rain, and with it the heat is switched to energy in the form of strong winds. As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to turn around in a

31、 counter-clockwise motion. The average life of a hurricane is only about nine days, but it contains almost more power than we can imagine. The energy in the heat released by a hurricane's rainfall in a single day would satisfy the entire electrical needs of the United States for more than six month

32、s. Water, rather than wind, is the main source of death and destroying in a hurricane. A typical hurricane brings 6-to-12-inch downpours resulting in sudden floods. Worst of all is the powerful movement of the sea—the mountains of water moving towards the low-pressure hurricane center. The water le

33、vel rises as much as 15 feet above normal as it moves towards shore. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了颶風(fēng)的形成過程以及颶風(fēng)給大自然和人類帶來的巨大危害。 5．An ordinary tropical storm is called a hurricane when ________. A．it occurs in the Caribbean seas B．its winds reach 75 miles per hour C．it makes its way to the coastline D．its w

34、inds begin to circle on the sea 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知熱帶風(fēng)暴達(dá)到至少每小時(shí)75英里，這樣就會(huì)形成颶風(fēng)，有些還會(huì)登陸海岸。 6．The counter-clockwise movement of the hurricane is caused by ________. A．the low-pressure area in the center of the storm B．the force of waves of water C．the increasing heat D．the trade winds 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

35、根據(jù)第二段最后一句“As the heat increases, the young hurricane begins to turn around in a counter-clockwise motion.”可知，當(dāng)熱量上升，剛產(chǎn)生的颶風(fēng)就開始以逆時(shí)針方向盤旋。 7．What does the third paragraph mainly talk about? A．The hurricane is extraordinarily powerful. B．The hurricane is used to generate electricity. C．The hurricane c

36、an otherwise offer an unusual sight. D．The hurricane can give people an unforgettable experience. 答案：A　段落大意題。第三段主要表述颶風(fēng)所攜帶的能量是我們無法想象的。颶風(fēng)的降雨在一天里所釋放的能量就可以滿足整個(gè)美國6個(gè)多月的電力需要。故A項(xiàng)切題。 8．What is the worst thing about a hurricane? A．The rough water. B．The violent winds. C．The heat it gives out. D．The len

37、gth of its life. 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句“Water, rather than wind, is the main source of death and destroying in a hurricane.”可知，水是颶風(fēng)造成死亡和破壞的主要因素，而不是風(fēng)。 1．disturbance n. 擾動(dòng)；干擾 2．moist adj. 潮濕的 3．counter-clockwise adj. 逆時(shí)針(方向)的 4．release vt. 釋放 1．make one's way to ... 朝……前進(jìn) 2．trade winds 信風(fēng)

38、 Ⅱ.語法填空 There is good and bad news about the number of trees on our planet. The good news is __1__ there are seven times more trees than we __2__ (think). A few years ago, scientists estimated the world had 400 billion trees, but a new study makes a __3__ (calculate) that there are around three tri

39、llion trees. That's a three __4__ (follow) by 12 zeroes. But Dr Thomas Crowther told the BBC that this new number is unable __5__ (change) anything. What is the bad news? Thousands of years ago, the earth had around six trillion trees. Human activity has cut the number of trees on the planet __6__

40、half. A good example of this is __7__ fact that Europe used to be one of the giant forests. Dr Crowther said people are __8__ (responsibility) for the loss of three trillion trees. Another 15 billion trees are lost each year because of deforestation (毀林) and farmland. The scientists said this figure

41、 is “__9__ (extreme) higher” than a century ago. Dr Crowther added, “This study highlights how much more effort __10__ (need) if we are to restore healthy forests worldwide.” 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.that　2.thought　3.calculation　4.followed　5.to change　6.by　7.the　8.responsible　9.extremely 10．is needed/will be needed - 13 -