2019-2020學(xué)年高中英語 Module 1 British and American English Section Ⅱ Grammar教學(xué)案 外研版必修5

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1、Section Ⅱ　Grammar——動詞的常用時態(tài) 課前自主預(yù)習(xí) [例句·體驗(yàn)] 1．He does his homework before dinner every evening. 他每天晚上晚飯前做作業(yè)。 2．The train for Hankou leaves at 8：00 in the morning. 開往漢口的列車早上8點(diǎn)發(fā)車。 3．Listen! Someone is playing the piano. 聽！有人在彈鋼琴。 4．She is leaving for London tomorrow. 她明天去倫敦。 5．She has taught

2、in the school for ten years. 她在這所學(xué)校教書已經(jīng)10年了。 6．I haven't eaten anything since breakfast. 我從早飯起就一直沒有吃東西。 7．They are going to move to a new house next week. 下星期他們將遷入新居。 8．What shall we do if he doesn't come? 如果他不來，我們該怎么辦？ 課堂合作探究 [語法·講座] 一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時、一般將來時 時態(tài)是表示謂語動作時間概念的動詞形式。英語中的時態(tài)專

3、指謂語動詞，不同時間概念的謂語動作有不同的時態(tài)。英語中不同時間發(fā)生的動作，要用不同形式的動詞來表示。另外，謂語動詞若與主語之間是主動關(guān)系，我們就用主動語態(tài)，若為被動關(guān)系，就用被動語態(tài)。 首先看本模塊涉及的四種時態(tài)的形式。(以ask為例) 時態(tài) 主動 被動 一般現(xiàn)在時 ask/asks is/am/are asked 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 is/am/are asking is/am/are being asked 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has asked have/has been asked 一般將來時 will/be going to ask will/be go

4、ing to be asked 一、一般現(xiàn)在時 1．表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與usually, always, seldom, sometimes, often, every day, on Sundays等時間狀語連用。 ①I often go to school on foot. 我經(jīng)常走著去上學(xué)。 ②They play football after school every afternoon. 他們每天下午放學(xué)后踢足球。 2．表示主語的特征、狀態(tài)、能力、性格等。 ③This job calls for great patience. 這份工作需要極大

5、的耐心。 ④She is always ready to help us. 她總是樂于幫助我們。 3．表現(xiàn)客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理或名言警句等。此用法即使出現(xiàn)在表示過去時間的語境中，也要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 ⑤Light travels faster than sound. 光比聲音傳播得快。 ⑥Actions speak louder than words. (諺)行動勝于空談。 ⑦The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出東方，日落西山。 4.在由when, if, after, before, as soon as, e

6、ven if, in case, though, till, until, unless, so/as long as等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句中，一般現(xiàn)在時可以用來表示將來。 ⑧So long as you work hard, you'll surely succeed. 只要努力，你一定會成功。 5．表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的情況。但這只限于少數(shù)動詞，如begin, come, go, leave, sail, start, arrive, return, end, stop, depart, open, close等。 ⑨The plane takes off at

7、 11 am. 飛機(jī)在上午11點(diǎn)起飛。 6.在see(to it), make sure, make certain等后面的that從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來概念。 ⑩Make sure that windows are closed before you leave. 確保在你離開前把窗子關(guān)好。 二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 三、現(xiàn)在完成時 1.表示過去發(fā)生的事情或動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在。 ①We have bought a computer. 我們買了一臺電腦。(含義是現(xiàn)在已有電腦了) 2.表示從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動作，常與so

8、 far, up to now, till now以及for, since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用。 ②He has lived in China for five years. 他在中國生活了五年了。 3．在“it/this is the first/second .../last time＋that從句”這一句型中，從句中的謂語要用現(xiàn)在完成時。 ③This is the first time (that) he has taken part in the Olympic Games. 這是他第一次參加奧運(yùn)會。 4.現(xiàn)在完成時不與last week/month/year, in the

9、 past連用，但可與“in the past/last＋一段時間”連用。 ④Great changes have taken place in the village in the past/last two years. 在過去的兩年中這個村子發(fā)生了很大的變化。 名師點(diǎn)津 某些非延續(xù)性動詞，在現(xiàn)在完成時中，不能與表示一段時間的狀語連用。 例如：他已經(jīng)死了三年了。 It's three years since he died.＝He has been dead for three years.不能說He has died for three years. 四、一般將來時 1

10、．表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況，有時暗含偶然性或臨時決定做某事。 ①When shall we have a get-together? 我們什么時候聚會？(將要發(fā)生的動作) ②—Tom was injured badly in the accident yesterday. —Oh, I didn't know. I will see him after work.(臨時決定) ——湯姆在昨天的事故中受傷很嚴(yán)重。 ——噢，我不知道。我下班后去看他。 2.表示習(xí)慣性動作或未來的傾向。 ③Wherever he goes, he will take an umbrella with

11、him. 無論到哪兒，他總是帶著一把傘。 3.表示將要發(fā)生的動作，除了用will do的形式外，還有其他一些形式。 (1)be going＋動詞不定式(表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做某事或某種跡象表明即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生某事) ④Look at those clouds! It is going to rain. 看那些烏云，天快下雨了。(根據(jù)clouds這種跡象表明即將下雨) ⑤I am going to leave for Paris with my classmates next week. 我打算下周和我的同學(xué)去巴黎。(表示打算) (2)be about＋動詞不定式(表示正要發(fā)生的事

12、情) ⑥The train is about to leave. 火車正要離開。 名師點(diǎn)津1 be about to不與表示將來的時間狀語連用。 (3)be＋動詞不定式(表示按日程安排將要發(fā)生的動作) ⑦There is to be a test in the fifth week. 在第五周將有一個測試。 名師點(diǎn)津2 (1)用一般現(xiàn)在時可表示按時間表、規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的將來的情況。 (2)go, come, begin, leave等動詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時可以表示將來。 [課堂·總結(jié)演練] Ⅰ　單句語法填空 1．Shakespeare's play Hamlet _

13、_______ (make) into at least ten different films over the past years. 答案：has been made 2．—Have you seen my e-mail about our TESL project? —Yes. Luckily, I checked my e-mails yesterday. Normally, I ________ (not open) my e-mail box for days. 答案：don't open 3．—Have you ever been to our town before

14、? —No, it's the first time I ________ (come) here. 答案：have come 4．My dictionary is missing. I have looked for it everywhere but still ________ (not find) it. 答案：haven't found 5．It's eight o'clock. The students ________ (have) an English class. 答案：are having 6．—How about buying Sam a mobile ph

15、one? After all, he isn't a boy any more. —I think it necessary, for we sometimes want to make sure if he ________ (come) home for dinner. 答案：will come 7．Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ________ (promise) before leaving their hometowns. 答案：have been

16、 promised 8．The coffee is wonderful! It doesn't taste like anything I ________ (have) before. 答案：have had 9．Millions of pounds' worth of damage ________ (cause) by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. 答案：has been caused 10．I ________ (do) all the cooking for my family, bu

17、t recently I've been too busy to do it. 答案：do Ⅱ　單句改錯 1．During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find a change there. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：find→found 2．But once I started the car, my mind

18、goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：goes→went 3．When summer came, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables! _________________________________________________________________ 答案：came→come

19、s 4．I realize how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, but also mentally in the past few years. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→have 5．I didn't realize how important my friends are until I lost them. _________________________________________

20、________________________ 答案：are→were Ⅲ　單句寫作 1．I will tell him ________________________ (明天他來的時候)． 答案：when he comes tomorrow 2．________________________ (會議開始) at 7：00 in the afternoon. 答案：The meeting begins 3．She ________ always ________ (幫助) others. 答案：is; helping 4．I ____________________ (

21、會更努力地學(xué)習(xí)) to make greater progress this term. 答案：shall work harder 5．He ______________ (一直住在) in Paris since he left his hometown. 答案：has lived 演練通關(guān)提升 [夯實(shí)·基礎(chǔ)知識] Ⅰ　單句語法填空 1．—Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around. —Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just ________ (start) on Monday.

22、答案：started 2．China's high-speed railways ________(grow) from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometres in the past few years. 答案：have grown 3．My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school ________ (come) first. 答案：comes 4．My car ________(repair)this week, so I have to go to school by bu

23、s. 答案：is being repaired 5．If you ________ (work) hard, you won't fail in the exam. 答案：work 6．They ________ (leave) for Shanghai next Sunday. 答案：are leaving 7．He is always ________ (think) of others. 答案：thinking 8．This is the first time that I ________ (visit) the Great Wall. 答案：have visited

24、 9．Mr Wang ________ (write) good English but ________ (not speak) well. 答案：writes; doesn't speak 10．Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ________ (not decide) yet. 答案：hasn't been decided Ⅱ　單句改錯 1．As soon as he comes back, I'll tell him when you come

25、 and see him. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：come前加will 2．They will go to see their teacher if they will have free time. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：去掉have前的will 3．The students reviewing their lessons in the classr

26、oom at present. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：reviewing前加are 4．The old man had planted more than 3,000 trees since he moved here. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→has 5．It is the second time that the man had seen th

27、e elephant in his life. _________________________________________________________________ 答案：had→has Ⅲ　單句寫作 1．接到信時，他會告訴我們的。 When he ________________， he'll tell us. 答案：receives the letter 2．她通常每天早上坐公共汽車去上學(xué)。 She usually ________________ to school every morning. 答案：takes a bus 3．安靜！孩子在睡覺。 B

28、e quiet! The baby ________________. 答案：is sleeping 4．在這周末將有一個搖滾音樂會。 ________________ a rock concert this weekend. 答案：There will be 5．這是我第一次看到如此高的一棟建筑。 It is the first time that I ________________ such a high building. 答案：have seen [提升·實(shí)戰(zhàn)能力] Ⅳ　閱讀理解 The world is changing so fast that Engli

29、sh, perhaps the most worldly language, is struggling to keep up. Learners in the future are likely to be much younger. Young children are often said to be better at language learning than older learners but they also have special challenges. Young children don't usually have the kind of instrument

30、al motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have. English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding. The reasons why people learn English are also changing. Globalization is bringing together more people than ever who speak different languages and who are turnin

31、g to English as the means of communication. The English learners of the future may be less worried about sounding exactly like a native speaker and more concerned about how to use English effectively in cross-cultural communication. We may be hearing more non-native speakers in dialogues and a wider

32、 range of the “New Englishes” now used around the world. Technology will allow English to come to you, rather than you having to go to a special place to learn English. Learning English has always involved both pain and pleasure, private effort and social activity. Traditional learning provided ta

33、ke-it or leave-it mixes of these as well as of content but in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological dispositions (性情), or their particular needs at that moment. They, rather than their teachers, will decide how, what and when they will learn. Abo

34、ve all, learning English is about communication and an important benefit of learning English is being able to exchange views and make friends with people all over the world. Despite the growing independence of learners, trusted institutions and brand names will remain important. 篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了

35、將來人們學(xué)英語的一些變化，包括年齡、原因、方式和更注重個人需求的特征。 1．Compared to older learners, young English learners ________. A．a(chǎn)re more active in learning B．a(chǎn)re more hard-working in learning C．have more difficulty in learning D．have less lasting determination in learning 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“Young children don't usually h

36、ave the kind of instrumental motivation and determination for learning English that older learners often have.”可知，孩子們在英語學(xué)習(xí)方面的動力和決心不如年齡大的英語學(xué)習(xí)者強(qiáng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。 2．What can we learn about the future English language? A．British English will be more popular. B．American English will be more popular. C．Most peo

37、ple will speak standard English. D．Many different kinds of Englishes will appear. 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段最后一句“We may be hearing more non-native speakers in dialogues and a wider range of the ‘New Englishes’ now used around the world.”可以判斷未來將會出現(xiàn)更多種類的英語。 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Future Engl

38、ish lessons will be more interesting. B．Old people won't have to learn English in the future. C．People will pay more attention to English pronunciation. D．Teachers will play a more important role in one's English learning. 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“English lessons must therefore be fun and rewarding.

39、”可以判斷未來的英語課程將會更加有趣。 4．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Learning English means no pain in the future. B．English training schools will not be popular with young people in the future. C．English learners will become less independent in the future. D．More attention will be paid to personal n

40、eeds in English learning in the future. 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“... in future learners will be able to choose a plan which suits their cultural and psychological dispositions (性情)，or their particular needs ...”，由此判斷在未來將會更加注重個人的特殊需求，英語學(xué)習(xí)將會更加個性化。 Ⅴ　七選五 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Choosi

41、ng the right college for you is not so easy. You should have a general idea of what you want and don't want. The idea can guide you to what fits your needs best. __1__. Think about what major you want to study in college. If you know that, just look at colleges that have your major. __2__. So think

42、 carefully about your major and interests before choosing one. Where the college is located matters. Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying. __3__， stay away from schools in cold areas. If you look forward to working in the publishing industry, New York may be your best bet. If

43、your parents want you to stay close to home, please don't consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to. Think about how much you can afford. Are your parents paying for your education? If so, how much are they willing to spend? Do you have to contribute anything? Financial aid and scho

44、larships exist, but don't count on anything. Are you willing to get into debt at school? __4__， these are all things to consider for you. Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people. The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people. For the f

45、irst thing in your life, you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with. __5__. And make sure that the people you're with for four years are your kind of people. A．If you don't like cold weather B．Before you fall in love with a college C．College is about learn

46、ing what you love D．You'd better choose a major that is popular E．Go to the college with some people you like F．Remember, above all, it's people that make places G．These guidelines will help you figure out what college you want to go to 1．G　通讀全文可知，此處統(tǒng)領(lǐng)下文要講的選擇大學(xué)必須考慮的幾個因素。G項(xiàng)“這些指導(dǎo)原則會幫助你弄清你想去什么大學(xué)

47、”承接上句“這個想法會指引你找到最能滿足你的需求的大學(xué)”，故選G項(xiàng)。 2．C　此段首句指出考慮自己想學(xué)的專業(yè)；再根據(jù)下文“So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.”可知，C項(xiàng)“大學(xué)是關(guān)于學(xué)你喜歡的東西的”銜接上下文，故選C項(xiàng)。 3．A　此段首句明確提出大學(xué)所處的地理位置很重要。A項(xiàng)“你如果不喜歡寒冷天氣”和地理位置有關(guān)，且和后面“遠(yuǎn)離寒冷地區(qū)的學(xué)?！便暯泳o密，故選A項(xiàng)。 4．B　此段首句提出選擇大學(xué)還要考慮自己所能承擔(dān)的費(fèi)用，然后列舉了幾個需要考慮的問題，由此可知，在喜歡上一所大學(xué)之前，這

48、些都是你必須要考慮的因素，故選B項(xiàng)。 5．F　此段首句明確說明在大學(xué)里要與合適的人在一起。F項(xiàng)講了人的重要作用，與設(shè)空前一句“For the first thing in your life ... who you get to spend it with.”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。 Ⅵ　語法填空 A new university course is about the study of selfies __1__ (take) on cellphones. The goal is to analyze __2__ (it) cultural meaning and self－expressi

49、on in the modern world. The course began at the University of Southern California. And it attracted people __3__ (huge). It is Professor Mark Marino __4__ teaches the course. He defended the __5__ (important) to understand the phenomenon that boomed with the advent (流行) of smartphones. “My students

50、 are learning that selfies __6__ (become) part of the communication process by this time，” Mark said, “and there are parts of our identity that are being read regardless of how we try to portray ourselves. So the course is very popular __7__ some students.” As part of the course, students have to t

51、ake five self-portraits __8__ analyze the background, their clothes, their gestures and any objects in the image. Throughout the course, they __9__ (ask) to compare their selfies with those of other students and well-known people, like Beyonce, __10__ singer who often posts selfies on social media. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 答案：1.taken　2.its　3.hugely　4.who/that　5.importance　6.have become　7.with　8.and　9.are asked　10.the - 13 -