目的狀語(yǔ)和目的狀語(yǔ)從句.doc

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目的狀語(yǔ)和目的狀語(yǔ)從句I目的狀語(yǔ)和目的狀語(yǔ)從句so that，in order that，in case等詞引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，so as to， in order to， in case of (doing) sth. 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)e.g1. I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget. 我要把你的電話號(hào)碼記下來(lái)，以免忘記。= I shall write down your telephone number so as not to forget.2. Well tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真實(shí)情況告訴你，使你能自己作出判斷。=Well tell you the truth so as to let you judge for yourself.3. They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish thework ahead of time .他們比往常更加努力工作，為了能 / 以便能提前完成工作。=They worked harder than usual in order to finish the work ahead of time .4. You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heardby all. 你必須大點(diǎn)聲，別人就能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)了。 = You must speak louder so as to / in order to be heard by all.5. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 最好多穿點(diǎn)衣服，以防天發(fā)冷。 = Better take more clothes in case of being cold.6. They wrote to the boss in order that they could improve theirworking conditions. 他們寫(xiě)信給老板以便他們能改善他們的工作條件。 = They wrote to the boss in order to improve their working conditions.注意點(diǎn)：1 . 目的狀語(yǔ)從句中常用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may (might) can (could) ,should 等放在從句里的動(dòng)詞之前，從句往往放在主句之后，主從句之間不用任何標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào).2 . 用so as (not) to do / in order (not) to do 引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 句子的主語(yǔ)往往是有to do 這個(gè)目的的人. 即to do的邏輯主語(yǔ)和句子的主語(yǔ)一致. so as (not) to / so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)不放在句首 3 . 在in case 的從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí). 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí). 少數(shù)時(shí)候可用should do 。In case 與其它目的狀語(yǔ)從句不同的是它側(cè)重于將來(lái)有可能發(fā)生的不幸或不好的事, 而其它的目的狀語(yǔ)從句側(cè)重于積極的事I am taking an umbrella in case it rains.I am taking an umbrella so that I will not get wet.I am taking an umbrella in order that I will not get wet.though，although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 despite, in spite of 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)表達(dá)同樣的意思.e.g.1. We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.雖然我們干了一天活，但并不累。 2. Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet)he began to learn French. 雖然他六十多歲了，但仍開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ) 。 =Despite his being over sixty, (yet)he began to learn French. 3. He is very old, but he still works very hard. 雖然他很老了，但仍然努力地工作。 =Despite his old age, he still works very hard.注意點(diǎn)：1. 在英語(yǔ)句子中一般用了“雖然”就不能再用“但是”（but）但可以與yet或still連用。though / although意義相同，用法基本一樣，前者通俗，口語(yǔ)化，后者正式多放主句的前面。 2. though/ although / even though 為連詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句.3. despite 和in spite of 為介詞,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)后接名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)或名詞性從句.as / though 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句e.g.1. Child as / though he is , (=Though he is a child,) he knows a lot .雖然他是一個(gè)孩子，但他懂得很多。 2. Cold as / though it is, (= Though it is cold,) the children play outdoors.雖然天氣冷，但孩子們?nèi)栽趹敉馔?。注意點(diǎn):as引出的狀語(yǔ)從句多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，它比用though或although引導(dǎo)的從句，語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)，更有表現(xiàn)力，從句常放在句首，語(yǔ)序部分倒裝。even if /even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句e.g. 1. Ill go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。 2. Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天氣不好，我們也要去遠(yuǎn)足。注意點(diǎn):even if 和even though的意思為“即使”“縱使”有退一步設(shè)想的意味，多用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。有時(shí)也有“盡管”的意思.II讓步狀語(yǔ)和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句no matter (who, what when, where which, how)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句no matter +疑問(wèn)詞 或疑問(wèn)詞+后綴ever 。e.g. No matter what happened, he would not mind. 不管發(fā)生什么，他不在意。=Whatever happened, he would not mind. 替換：no matter what = whateverno matter who = whoeverno matter when = wheneverno matter where = whereverno matter which = whicheverno matter how = howevere.g. 1.Do it no matter what others say.不管別人怎么說(shuō),盡管干。=Do it whatever others say.2. No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day. 不管他多忙，他都每天堅(jiān)持學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 = However busy he was, he studied English every day.3. No matter who takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful. 不管誰(shuí)為我處理這件事，我都將非常感激。 =Whoever takes up the matter for me ,I shall be very grateful.注意點(diǎn): 1. no matter+疑問(wèn)詞與 wh-ever引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句意義基本一 樣，no matter+疑問(wèn)詞 引導(dǎo)的從句可是以位于主句前或主句后。 e.g. 1). Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，我們都不要失去信心。 無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)，都會(huì)受到歡迎。2. whever從句中的動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以和may連用。3. 注意：no matter +疑問(wèn)詞 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說(shuō)什么也沒(méi)用了。 （Whatever you say是主語(yǔ)從句）（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what theyre given.（對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whatever theyre given. 囚犯?jìng)冎荒芙o什么吃什么。whetheror不管都。 eg.Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你，這確實(shí)是真的。7 / 7