2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學(xué)案：Unit 1 Section 3(含答案).doc

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2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學(xué)案：Unit 1 Section 3(含答案) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. ②Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who mightreturn either to help or to do harm. ③Most ancient festival would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. ④For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] 以上四個(gè)句子都使用了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。其中，第①句中的can表示許可，意為“可以”；第②句中的might表示推測，意為“可能會(huì)”；第③句中的would表示過去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，意為“過去常會(huì)”；第④句中的should表示勸告或建議，意為“應(yīng)該”?！? 一、基本特征 1．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，不能單獨(dú)作謂語，需和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞一起作謂語。 She can speak English though she is six. 盡管她才6歲她會(huì)說英語。 2．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一般無人稱和數(shù)的變化，個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)變化。 They must be in the classroom. 他們一定在教室里。 3．構(gòu)成否定句時(shí)，not放在其后面。 The young man cant carry the big stone. 這個(gè)年輕人搬不動(dòng)那塊大石頭。 4．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形。 Youwill do as I told you. 你得照我說的去做。 [即時(shí)演練1]　補(bǔ)全句子 ①He said I could_use_the_puter. 他說我可以用這臺電腦。 ②We should__study_hard for our motherland and ourselves. 為了我們的祖國和我們自己，我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。 二、基本用法 1．can與could的用法 (1)表示能力：can用來表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過去的能力。 I can play basketball now, but I couldnt when I was young. 現(xiàn)在我會(huì)打籃球了，但小時(shí)候我不會(huì)。 (2)表示請求和許可：could語氣比can委婉，但回答時(shí)只能用can。 Can/Could you lend me a hand? 你能幫我一下嗎？ (3)表示推測，意為“可能”。多用于否定句或疑問句。 —Can he be in the reading room now? —No，he cant be in it. Because I saw him in the office just now. ——他現(xiàn)在可能在閱覽室嗎？ ——不，他不可能在(閱覽室)。因?yàn)槲覄倓傇谵k公室看見他了。 (4)表示理論上或習(xí)慣上的可能性，意為“可能會(huì)”。 Jogging can be harmful to the health. 慢跑可能對身體健康有害。 [辨析比較]　can, be able to表示“能力”時(shí)的區(qū)別 can 用于指現(xiàn)在，常表示自身具有的能力 be able to 用于各種時(shí)態(tài)，表示經(jīng)過努力后所具有的能力 Babies can swim when they were born. 嬰兒們剛生下來時(shí)會(huì)游泳。(自身具有的能力) Without his hard work，he was not able to get good grades. 如果沒有他的努力工作，他是不可能取得好成績的。(經(jīng)過努力) [即時(shí)演練2] (1)選出下列句中can/could的含義 ①I believe that he cant be so rude._B_ ②Ican speak English fluently while he cant._A_ ③Scotlandcanbe very warm in September._D_ ④—Could you please clean this room? —Yes, I can._C_ (2)選詞填空：can, be able to ①He can give you some advice on how to learn English. ②They will_be_able_to tell you the news soon. ③At last, they were_able_to escape from the fire. 2．may與might的用法 (1)表示征求對方的許可或允許(不用might)對方做某事。 —May I e in? —Yes, you may/can. ——我可以進(jìn)來嗎？ ——是的，你可以進(jìn)來。 (No, you cant.不行，你不能進(jìn)來。) You may go now. 你現(xiàn)在可以走了。 (2)表示推測(把握不大)，意為“可能”，多用于肯定句。might比may可能性更小。 He may e, or he maynot. 他可能來，也可能不來。 It may/might rain this afternoon. Youd better take a raincoat with you. 今天下午可能會(huì)下雨。你最好帶上雨衣。 (3)may用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 祝你成功！ May you have a good journey! 祝你旅途愉快！ [即時(shí)演練3]　寫出下列句中may的用法 ①M(fèi)ay you be happy！表示祝愿 ②I think he maye today.表示推測 ③Youmay keep the book for 2 weeks.表示許可 3．will與would的用法 (1)表示意志或意愿，意為“會(huì)；想；要”等。多表示從主語的主觀意志出發(fā)，愿意做某事。 We will do our best to save the child. 我們會(huì)盡力搶救這個(gè)孩子。 I have asked her, but she wont help us. 我已經(jīng)問過她了，但她不會(huì)幫助我們的。 (2)表示請求或建議，多用于疑問句。would語氣更委婉。 Wouldyou please open/Would you mind opening the window for me? 請你為我打開窗戶好嗎？ Would you pass me the bottle? 請你遞給我那個(gè)瓶子好嗎？ (3)表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或客觀真理，意為“總是；老是”。 will表示現(xiàn)在，would 表示過去。 She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她獨(dú)自在房間里聽音樂，往往一聽就是幾小時(shí)。 Oil will float on water. 油總是浮在水面上。 On Sunday he would go to the park to play chess. 以前每到星期天他總是到公園去下棋。 [辨析比較]　would, used to would 表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還是否經(jīng)常發(fā)生 used to 表示過去常常做某事，但現(xiàn)在不這樣做了 Hewouldgo to the park as soon as he was free. 過去，他一有空就去公園。(動(dòng)作反復(fù)發(fā)生，現(xiàn)在還有可能再去) I used to go to work by bike, but now I go to work by car. 我過去常常騎車上班，但是現(xiàn)在我開車上班。 [即時(shí)演練4]　補(bǔ)全句子 ①M(fèi)y parents wont_allow_me__to_stay out late. 我的父母不會(huì)允許我在外待得很晚。 ②He would_get_up_early when he lived in the country. 他住在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)總是起的很早。 ③People used_to_believe that the earth was flat. 過去，人們總以為地球是扁平的。 ④Some vegetables will_get_burnt in such hot weather. 有些蔬菜在炎熱的天氣下會(huì)烤焦。 4．shall與should的用法 (1)shall用于疑問句中多表示征求建議，主要用于第一、三人稱。 When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 他什么時(shí)候能出院？ (2)用于肯定句中多表示說話者的允諾、告誡、威脅、命令、規(guī)定、必然性等，主要用于第二、三人稱。 Persons under 18 shall not be employed in night work. 不滿十八歲的人不得雇傭干夜間工作。 (3)should表示勸告或建議，意為“應(yīng)該；要”。 We should help others when they are in trouble. 當(dāng)別人有困難時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該幫助他們。 (4)should表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任，意為“應(yīng)該；理應(yīng)”。 We should learn from each other. 我們應(yīng)該互相學(xué)習(xí)。 (5)should表示推測，意為“應(yīng)該；可能”。 If the train is on time, she should arrive in Beijing by seven oclock. 如果火車準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的話，她應(yīng)該在7點(diǎn)鐘到達(dá)北京。 (6)should表示驚訝或意外，意為“竟然”。 Its strange that he should e so late. 他竟然來這么遲真是奇怪。 [即時(shí)演練5]　補(bǔ)全句子 ①You shall_have that book tomorrow. 你明天可以拿到那本書。 ②If you cant e, I shall_not_tell you the news. 如果你不來，我就不告訴你這個(gè)消息了。 ③Children should_be_told the truth. 孩子們應(yīng)該被告知真相。 5．must的用法 (1)must表示命令或強(qiáng)烈的建議，意為“必須”。 All the students must obey the school rules. 所有學(xué)生必須遵守校規(guī)。 (2)表示十分肯定的推測，意為“一定；準(zhǔn)是”。 Betty must be in the next room.I can hear her talking there. 貝蒂肯定在隔壁房間。我能聽見她在那兒講話。 (3)表示說話人的一種態(tài)度，意為“偏要；硬要；偏偏”。 Why must he go out in the bad weather? 為什么他偏要在這種壞天氣出門？ Must you make so much noise when I have a rest? 你就非得在我休息時(shí)弄出這么大的聲音嗎？ (4)must not表示禁止，意思是“不許”、“不準(zhǔn)”、“不可以”等。 Youmustnt stop your car in the busy street. 你不能把車停在繁忙的路上。 (5)回答must問句時(shí)，肯定回答多用must; 否定回答多用neednt或dont have to。 —Must I finish my homework before eight oclock? —Yes, youmust. (No, you neednt.或you dont have to.) ——我必須要在8點(diǎn)之前完成作業(yè)嗎？ ——是的，必須。(不，沒必要。) [即時(shí)演練6]　寫出下列句中must的含義 ①You must practice your spoken English if you want to improve. 表示“必須” ②Why must you always interrupt me. 表示“偏要；硬要；偏偏” ③She must be tired after such a long walk.表示“一定；準(zhǔn)是” Ⅰ.用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空 1．I may e to the party with you, but I am not sure. 2．When he was young, he would climb the small hill every morning. 3．It is strange that such a gentleman should be so rude to a lady. 4．Tom es from Australia; he can speak English very well. 5．I heard you bought a new book. May I have a look? 6．If you can pass the driving test, you shall get a new car. 7．Dont worry. I _shall support you forever. 8．You can try telephoning Mr. Smith; he should/may be home now. 9．He must break a leg just before we go on holiday. 10．We will never talk about that subject again. Ⅱ.單句寫作 1．(xx全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))I hope the changes will_not_cause_you_too_much_trouble (不會(huì)給你造成太多麻煩)． 2．(xx北京高考寫作一)I will be more than happy if you can_go_together_with_me (能和我一塊去)． 3．(xx浙江高考書面表達(dá))We may_have_different_opinions (可能有不同的觀點(diǎn)) in organizing class activities. 4．(xx江西高考書面表達(dá))In addition, we should_learn_how_to_get_along_well_with_others (應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)如何和別人好好相處)． 5．(xx四川高考書面表達(dá))Besides, you must_take_notice_of_the_handwriting_(必須注意書寫). 6．(xx四川高考書面表達(dá))And you also should_keep_it_in_mind_ (應(yīng)當(dāng)記住) that paring notes with your classmates frequently is a good way to improve your study. 7．(xx山東高考滿分作文)In fact, it means that if you are really resolved to do something, no_matter_how_difficult_it_might_be (不管可能多么困難), never give up. 8．(xx四川高考滿分作文)You mentioned that you_could_teach_English_as_a_reward (作為回報(bào)你能教我英語), which is exactly what I want. Ⅲ.用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞完成下面語段 Miss Fang 1.couldnt (not) read for very long with her eyes hurt. Her mother told her that she 2.should go to hospital and see a doctor.“You 3.should see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said.“You 4.may/might have poor eyesight.” When Miss Fang had free time, she went to hospital. The clerk said that the doctor 5.could see her at 3：30. Miss Fang replied that she 6.would not be able to be there at 3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor 7.may/might see you at about ten to four，” the clerk suggested. “8.Shall I arrange the examination at about ten to four, or 9.would you rather e tomorrow？” Miss Fang thought she 10.shouldnt (not) waste any more time. The teacher 11.shouldnt be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little earlier, as he was always so kind to everyone. And she replied，“I think I 12.can make it at about ten to four.” Miss Fang went to the class. She asked her teacher，“13.May/Can/Could I leave at 3：45 today? My eyes hurt and I 14.must have an eye examination.” As expected, the teacher said，“Yes, of course you 15.can/may.”