2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學案：Unit 3 Section 3(含答案).doc

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2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學案：Unit 3 Section 3(含答案) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現 ①Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. ②It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do. ③I wonder, Mr.Adams,if youd mind us asking a few questions. ④I didnt know whether I could survive until morning. ⑤Thats why weve given you the letter. ⑥It looks as if it is going to rain. [我的發(fā)現] (1)以上6個句子中的黑體部分都是主句中的從句，這些從句在詞性上相當于一個名詞，故被稱作名詞性從句。 (2)①②③④中的黑體部分屬于賓語從句。 (3)⑤⑥中的黑體部分屬于表語從句。 一、名詞性從句 1．概念：在主從復合句中，相當于名詞的從句被稱為名詞性從句。 2．分類：名詞性從句包括：主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。 3．連接詞 項目 連接詞 意義 在句中的功能 從屬連詞 that 無意義 不充當成分 whether/if 是否 不充當成分 連接代詞 who(ever) (無論)誰 主、賓、表 whose 誰的 定 what(ever) (無論)什么 主、賓、表、定 which(ever) (無論)哪個 主、賓、定 續(xù)連接副詞 when(ever) (無論)何時 時間狀語 where(ever) (無論)何地 地點狀語 how(ever) (無論)怎么 方式狀語 why 為什么 原因狀語 4．注意事項 (1)名詞性從句要用陳述語序； (2)主從句的時態(tài)要基本呼應，有時需用虛擬語氣； (3)注意某些連接詞的特殊用法(見后)。 [即時演練1]　用適當的連接詞填空 ①I am proud of what I did. But I was just helping to do what he should do. ②I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. ③Could you tell me how I could apply for the scholarship? ④Do you know who won the game? ⑤You may depend on it that I shall keep my word. ⑥China is no longer what she used to be. 二、賓語從句 1．概念：在主從復合句中充當賓語的從句，叫作賓語從句。它可以充當句中謂語動詞、介詞或形容詞的賓語，有時也作非謂語動詞的賓語。 2．連接詞的用法 (1)that引導的賓語從句 Iam afraid (that) Ive made a mistake. 恐怕我已經犯了一個錯誤。 He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it. 他說你太年輕，還無法理解這件事情，你也不要去管它。 [名師點津]　that引導的賓語從句有時可作間接賓語。 She told me that she would accept my invitation. 她對我說她會接受我的邀請。 (2)whether或if引導的賓語從句 whether或if引導賓語從句時，在句中不充當成分，但是含“是否”之意，從句要用陳述語序。 I wonder whether/if well finish the task on time. 我不知道我們能否按時完成這項任務。 Ill see whether/if I can advise him to accept it. 我要看看我是否能勸他接受。 [名師點津]　用whether而不用if引導賓語從句的情況： ①作介詞的賓語時，只能用whether； ②與or或or not連用時只能用whether； ③用于Theres some doubt whether ...句型中； ④少數動詞如：leave, put, discuss, doubt等后的賓語從句常用whether。 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部。 I want to know whether its good news or not. 我想知道是否是好消息。 We discussedwhether we should use the money to buy a new house. 我們討論了是否該用這筆錢來買套新房子。 There is some doubt whether he will e in time. 他是否能及時趕到值得懷疑。 (3)連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句 連接代詞 who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever和連接副詞when, where, how, why。 這些連接詞都有詞義，除引導從句外，還在從句中充當一定的成分，可作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。這種賓語從句有疑問意義，但不是疑問句，不能用疑問語序，而要用陳述語序。 She always thinks ofhow she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣把工作做好。(how作狀語) She gave up what she was doing. 她放棄了她正在做的事情。(what作賓語) Do you know who has won Red Alert game? 你知道是誰贏得了紅色警戒的游戲嗎？(who作主語) Do you know when the meeting will begin? 你知道什么時候開會嗎？(when作狀語) Can I speak to whoever is in charge of this project? 我能和負責這個項目的人談談嗎？(whoever作主語) [名師點津]　“疑問詞ever”結構的詞可以引導名詞性從句和讓步狀語從句，而“no matter ＋疑問詞”結構只能引導讓步狀語從句。 [辨析比較]　what和which引導賓語從句的區(qū)別 what 意為“什么”，所涉及之物無范圍 which 意為“哪一個”，所涉及之物有范圍 They wanted to seewhichshop would offer the best service. (他們要看好幾家商店) 他們想看看哪家商店提供的服務最好。 They wanted to see whatshop he opened last week.(他們想知道他所開的那個商店的類型) 他們想看看他上一周開的是什么商店。 3．注意事項 (1)it作形式賓語 當某些動詞后的賓語從句之后有賓語補足語(通常是形容詞或名詞)時，通常以it代替that賓語從句作形式賓語，這時that不可省略。常見的這類動詞有find, think，consider, take, feel等。 Ithink it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. 我認為我們每天多喝開水是有必要的。 We find it difficultthat we should finish the work on time. 我們發(fā)現我們按時完成工作有困難。 [名師點津]　在like, enjoy, love, hate 等表“喜怒哀樂”的動詞或一些特殊動詞(短語)如take, depend on, rely on, see to等后若要跟賓語從句，需跟形式賓語 it。 Ihate it whenthey say with their mouths full of food. 我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話。 You may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了，他們會支持你的。 (2)賓語從句的否定轉移 當主句的主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等表示“認為、相信、猜測”等意義的動詞，其后接賓語從句時，若從句表示否定意義，則常把否定詞not轉移到主句謂語部分。 Idont think(that) he is interested in that thing. 我認為他對那件事不感興趣． Idont believe she has finished the homework, has she? 我想她還沒有寫完作業(yè)，是嗎？ (3)賓語從句的虛擬語氣 表示“建議、命令、要求、決定、主張”等動詞后的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。這類動詞主要有insist, order, demand等。 He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他堅持要我們大家想盡辦法按時去那兒。 [巧學助記] 后接賓語從句常用虛擬語氣的動詞口訣： “一二三四” 一個堅持(insist)； 兩個命令(order, mand)； 三條建議(advise, suggest, remend)； 四項要求(demand, desire, require, request)。 [即時演練2] (1)用適當的連接代詞或連接副詞填空 ①We are discussing what we shall do to help the poor. ②Journal writers write about their travels in what is called a travel journal. ③I wonder how you are getting on with your studies. ④I want to know where she has gone. ⑤Can you help to find out whose wallet it is? ⑥I dont know whether/if hell arrive in time. (2)單句語法填空 ①I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ②He insisted that the meeting (should)_be_put (put) off. ③I like it that everyone passed the exam. ④The teacher said that the sun rises (rise) in the east. ⑤I know that he studied (study) English last term. ⑥He felt it his duty that he should help the old man. 三、表語從句 1．概念：在主從復合句中充當表語的從句，叫作表語從句。它常位于系動詞之后，用來說明主語是什么或怎么樣。 2．連接詞的用法 (1)that引導的表語從句 用法：①無意義?、诓怀洚敵煞帧、鄄豢墒÷? The trouble isthat she has lost his address. 麻煩的是她弄丟了他的地址。 My suggestion is that we should tell him. 我的建議是我們應該告訴他。 (2)whether引導的表語從句 The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 問題還是他們能否幫我們。 [名師點津]　if不能引導表語從句。 (3)連接代詞和連接副詞引導的表語從句 The problem is how we can find him. 問題是我們如何找到他。 He is no longer what he was. 他已經不再是以前的他了。 Thats where you are wrong. 這就是你不對的地方。 (4)because, as if/as though等引導的表語從句 It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 聽起來好像有人在敲門。 Thats because you cant appreciate music. 那是因為你不能欣賞音樂。 3．注意事項 (1)why和because引導的表語從句的區(qū)別 Thats why ... 意為“那是……的原因”，強調結果 Thats because ... 意為“那是因為……”，強調原因 I didnt phone her, and thats why she got angry with me.(強調“沒打電話”這一結果) 我沒有給她打電話。那就是她對我生氣的原因。 I didnt phone her, and thats because I got angry with her. (強調“生氣”這一原因) 我沒有給她打電話。那是因為我生她的氣了。 (2)表語從句中的虛擬語氣 在表語從句中，表示間接的命令、要求、請求、建議、決定等，主句中的主語通常是：advice, suggestion, proposal, request, order, idea等，從句謂語形式是“should＋動詞原形”(should可以省略，但不可換成would)。 My suggestionis that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建議是我們明天一早就出發(fā)。 [即時演練3]　補全句子 ①The fact was that_he_didnt_really_try. 事實是他沒有做真正的努力。 ②The question is whether_the_film_is_worth_seeing. 問題是這部電影是否值得看。 ③Now it_seems_as_though/if she had known Millie for years. 現在看起來她認識米莉已有好多年了。 ④My advice is that you (should)_practise_speaking_English as often as possible. 我的建議是你盡可能經常地練習說英語。 ⑤Thats where_I_first_met_her. 那就是我第一次遇見她的地方。 ⑥The problem is who_is_really_fit_for_the_hard_job. 問題是誰才真正適合做這份艱苦的工作。 Ⅰ.選用適當的連接詞填空 1．The question discussed at the meeting was whether it was worth trying. 2．We think that its necessary to talk with him again. 3．Do you remember when/how/why he came here? 4．All this was over twenty years ago, but it is as_if it were only yesterday. 5．Im wondering why you are always late for class. 6．I am not sure whether he is willing to help me. 7．My parents are very kind to me and always let me do what I think I should do. 8．The trouble is that I lost the key to my room. 9．If Im a bit sleepy, its because I was up all night. 10．You must do whatever is best for you. Ⅱ.單句寫作 1．(xx四川高考標準范文)And you also should keep it in mind that_paring_notes_with_your_classmates_frequently_is_a_good_way_to_improve_your_study (和同學經常交流筆記是提高學習的好方法)． 2．(xx重慶高考寫作二標準范文)All the participants can get what_they_want (他們想要的東西). 3．(xx浙江高考滿分作文)In such a case I will insist on whatever_I_think_is_right (我認為正確的任何事情)． 4．(xx四川高考標準范文)To practice as much as possible is where_the_secret_lies (秘密所在). 5．(xx遼寧高考標準范文)You need to hand in a report, explaining how_the_idea_occurs_to_you (你怎樣想到的這個主意) and what materials you use. 6．(xx全國卷Ⅱ滿分作文)Im wondering whether_you_would_like_to_spend_time_with_us (你是否愿意和我們度過這段時光)． 7．(xx上海高考滿分作文)I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and thats why_Im_writing_to_voice_my_opinion (那就是我給你寫信發(fā)表我自己觀點的原因)． Ⅲ.語法填空(用適當的連接詞填空) I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing 1.that happened in my restaurant today. This afternoon a poorlydressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew 2.who he was. We wondered 3.if he was so hungry. We were surprised that he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted 4.whether the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked 5.if/whether we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see 6.that he took out of an envelope — a million pound banknote. I asked Mr. Clements 7.whether it was genuine. Mr. Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought 8.what the gentleman showed us couldnt be a fake. 9．That a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldnt describe 10.how excited I was.