2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學(xué)案：Unit 2 Section 3(含答案).doc

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2019-2020年人教版高中英語必修三教學(xué)案：Unit 2 Section 3(含答案) 語法圖解 探究發(fā)現(xiàn) ①By now his restaurant ought to be full of people. ②Does your father needany help? ③What do we need to take for the picnic? ④You neednt try to explain. ⑤His mother is ill. He has to stay at home to look after her. ⑥Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not ing to eat in his restaurant as he always did. [我的發(fā)現(xiàn)] (1)以上句子中，第①、④、⑤、⑥句中的黑體詞都是情態(tài)動詞，而第②和③兩句中的黑體詞是實(shí)義動詞。 (2)以上各句中的情態(tài)動詞后都接動詞原形。其中第⑥句中must have happened的意思是“一定已經(jīng)發(fā)生了”。 (3)上述句子中ought to意為“應(yīng)該”；need意為“需要”；has to意為“不得不”。 一、ought to的用法 1．“應(yīng)該”，表示責(zé)任或義務(wù)。用于表示按道理應(yīng)當(dāng)，常指客觀的義務(wù)或責(zé)任，大多數(shù)情況下可用should代替，但比should語氣重。 You ought to study harder than your brother. 你應(yīng)該比你哥哥更努力學(xué)習(xí)。 I should help her because she is in trouble. 她有困難了，我應(yīng)該幫助她。 2．“應(yīng)該”，表示勸告、建議或命令。should和ought to可通用，但在疑問句中常用should。ought to的否定式為oughtnt to或ought not to。 You ought to balance career and family. 你應(yīng)該平衡好事業(yè)與家庭之間的關(guān)系。 Should I open the window? 我可以打開窗戶嗎？ 3．“應(yīng)該”，表示推測?？膳cshould換用。 Mary ought to be here soon. 瑪麗應(yīng)該很快就來了。 This is where the oil ought to/should be. 這里應(yīng)該就是石油存在的地方。 [即時演練1]　用ought to補(bǔ)全句子 ①You ought_to_be_more_careful when you cross the road next time. 下次過馬路時，你應(yīng)該更小心些。 ②You oughtnt/ought_not_to_scold him. 你不該責(zé)備他。 ③—Ought_I_to_leave tomorrow? —Yes, you_ought_to. ——我應(yīng)該明天動身嗎？ ——是的，你應(yīng)該。 二、need的用法 1．作情態(tài)動詞 (1)need作情態(tài)動詞時，常用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中，意為“需要”。 —NeedI finish the work today? —Yes, youmust./No, you neednt. ——我需要今天干完這活嗎？ ——是的，必須干完。/不用，你不必干完。 (2)neednt 意為“不必”，表示客觀上不必如何。 Theres plenty of time. You neednt drive so fast. 時間很充足，你不必開這么快。 2．作實(shí)義動詞 need作實(shí)義動詞時，后可接名詞、動名詞、不定式等，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。 The bike needs repairing. ＝The bike needs to be repaired. 這輛自行車需要修理。 [即時演練2]　用need或must補(bǔ)全句子 ①The door needs_painting/to_be_painted. 那扇門需要粉刷一下。 ②—Need he stay here? —Yes, he must./No, he neednt. ——他需要留在這兒嗎？ ——是的，他必須。/不，他不必留在這兒。 三、have to的用法 1．have to“不得不”，有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，其否定形式為dont/doesnt/didnt have to。 Its too late.Ihave to go home now. 天色太晚了，我現(xiàn)在得回家了。 You dont have to finish the work now. 你現(xiàn)在沒有必要完成這項工作。 2．have to表示一種客觀的需要，而must表示一種主觀的需要。此外，must還表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。 I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不參加一個重要的會議。 You mustobey the rules of your school. 你必須遵守你們學(xué)校的規(guī)則。 [即時演練3]　用have to 和must補(bǔ)全句子 ①I have_to_meet_my_partner once a week. 我每周必須與我的合伙人碰一次頭。 ②We dont_have_to_go_to_school on Sundays. 星期天我們不用去上學(xué)。 ③I must_write_a_letter to the headmaster. 我非得給校長寫封信不可。 四、情態(tài)動詞＋ have done “情態(tài)動詞＋have done”表示對過去事情的推測。各情態(tài)動詞的這種具體用法如下表： can/could have done 1.過去可能(表推測) 2．本能做而未做(表虛擬) should/ought to have done 本該做而未做 may/might have done 1.過去也許做了(表推測) 2．本可能做而未做(表虛擬) must have done 一定已經(jīng)做了 neednt have done 本不必做而做了 From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 從你所說的來看，她一定把一切都告訴你了。 You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them. 你應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)告訴我，不然的話我就會和他們一塊去了。 They could have sent up the satellite successfully. 他們本來有能力成功發(fā)射這顆衛(wèi)星的。 You ought to/should have been more careful. 你本應(yīng)該更小心一些的。 You neednt have told them about it. 你本來沒有必要告訴他們那件事。 [即時演練4]　用“情態(tài)動詞＋have done”補(bǔ)全句子 ①They must_have_been to the Great Wall, havent they? 他們一定是去了長城，不是嗎？ ②He cant/couldnt_have_watched TV last night, for he knew he would have a test. 昨天晚上他不可能看電視，因為他知道就要考試了。 ③He could_have_passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試，但是他太粗心了。 ④You should/ought_to_have_done more exercise before. 以前你本應(yīng)該多進(jìn)行鍛煉的。 ⑤You might/may_have_read about it in the newspapers. 你可能已經(jīng)在報上看過這個消息了。 ⑥I neednt_have_cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry. 我本不必做這么多吃的，大家都不餓。 Ⅰ.用情態(tài)動詞和所給動詞的正確形式填空 1．You ought_to/should_have_given (give) him some advice.He was too upset at that time. 2．You mustnt_smoke (smoke) in this part of the hospital. 3．There was plenty of time. She neednt_have_hurried (hurry)． 4．I have no bike, so I have_to_go (go) to the office on foot. 5．You neednt_buy (not buy) a gift, but you can if you want to. 6．Look！The road is wet.It must_have_rained (rain) last night. 7．Bob ought_not_to_speak (not speak) to his mother like that. 8．You must_e (e) here on time, or youll be fined next time. 9．Hurry up！We ought_to/should_go (go) to school right away. 10．Her eyes are red. She must_have_been (be) crying. Ⅱ.單句寫作 1．(xx全國卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))I have just found that I_have_to_attend_an_important_class_meeting (我必須參加一個重要的班會) that afternoon. 2．(xx全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)The length of the article should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so (應(yīng)當(dāng)限制在400詞左右). 3．(xx全國卷Ⅰ滿分作文)The last important thing you_should_remember (你應(yīng)當(dāng)記住的是) is that you have to send the article to me before June 28. 4．(xx四川高考滿分作文)I badly need_someone_to_help_me_with_my_oral_English (需要有人來幫助我學(xué)英語口語), at which lots of Chinese students are bad. 5．Mr.Smith cant_have_gone_to_Beijing (不可能去北京了), for I saw him in the library just now. 6．You oughtnt_to/shouldnt_have_written (本不應(yīng)該寫) so fast. 7．You neednt_have_referred_to_it (本不必提起它), for I had known about it. 8．You must_have_seen (肯定看過) the film ThePursuitofHappiness. Ⅲ.語法填空(用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空) The bell for class just rang for the second time, but Tom didnt turn up. He 1.should/ought_to have arrived at school earlier because there would be a math test for the whole class today. He is one of the top students in the class. He usually es to school on time. “He 2.should be in class now，” thought his master teacher Mrs. Green. “I 3.must make sure what has happened to him.” So she went out of the classroom and rang up Tom. “Hi, Tom! You 4.ought to be at school now. Where are you？” “Good morning, Mrs. Green. Im still at home.” “Why? Why dont you e to school today？” “My mother is ill, so I 5.have_to/must look after her at home.” “Your father should be at home, so you 6.neednt/dont_have_to stay at home to take care of her.” “But my father hasnt got back from work yet. I will go to school as soon as my father gets back.” “OK. But you 7.must/need e here as quickly as possible, or you will 8.have_to take another test if you fail this one.”