2019-2020年高中英語北師大版版必修3教學(xué)案：Unit 8 Section 3(含答案).doc

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2019-2020年高中英語北師大版版必修3教學(xué)案：Unit 8 Section 3(含答案) Marco Polo and His Travels Marco Polo was born in Italy in 1254. When he was 17 years old, he travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to do trade① with the Chinese②. Eventually③， they arrived in Beijing. At that time, China was ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor④， Kublai Khan. Kublai Khan weled Marco and his father. He was very happy to meet two foreigners and wanted to learn all about Europe. Marco and his father were guests at the Emperors Palace. Although Marco was young, he was very clever and could already speak four languages. The Emperor was impressed⑤ by him and they became friends. He asked Marco to serve⑥ in his court⑦ and sent him to do many important tasks across the country. Marco, in turn⑧， was amazed⑨ by how beautiful and powerful China was. He was very impressed by Beijing and the Emperors Palace, especially⑩ the Summer Palace ?which he described as?“The greatest palace that ever was ... The walls were covered in gold and silver and the Hall was so large it could easily seat? 6,000 people for dinner?.” There were inventions and developments in China which were not available? in Europe at that time?. Marco was surprised to see Chinese people using paper money in the markets. In Europe, people paid forgoods? with gold or silver. He could not understand how people could pay for food and valuable things with paper! He was also confused?by the black stones people used to burn for fuel?. The black stones were coal, but Marco had never seen coal before！ ①trade v．做買賣 n．買賣，交易 trade with sb. in sth.同某人做某方面的生意 ②who引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾his father。 ③eventually adv. 最終，終于 ④emperor/empr?/n. 皇帝 ⑤impress vt. 給……以深刻印象 be impressed by ... 對……印象深刻 ⑥serve vt.&vi.為……服務(wù)；任職 ⑦court/k??t/n．宮廷；法庭 ⑧in turn輪流；相應(yīng)地 by turns 輪流 take turns 依次，輪流 in return 作為回報(bào) ⑨amaze/?meIz/vt.使驚愕(驚奇) amazed adj.吃驚的，驚異的 amazing adj.令人驚異的，了不起的 be amazed at/by ... 對……感到驚奇 ⑩especially adv.尤其，特別地 specially adv.特別地，專門地 ?which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾the Summer Palace。 ?describe ... as 把…… 說成/描述成 ?seat vt.使某人就座，容納 ?該句為“so ...that”結(jié)構(gòu)，句中省略了that，補(bǔ)充為so large that it could ... ?available adj. 可獲得的；可找到的 ?which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾inventions and developments。 ?goods/ɡ?dz/n. 商品，物品 ?confuse/k?nfju?z/vt. 使困惑 be confused by 對……感到困惑 confuse A with B把A與B混淆 ?fuel/fj??l/n．燃料 馬可波羅和他的旅行 [第1～4段譯文] 馬可波羅1254年出生于意大利。他17歲時，由于父親想和中國人做生意，他就和父親一起游歷歐洲和亞洲。最后，他們到達(dá)北京。當(dāng)時元世祖忽必烈正統(tǒng)治著中國。 元世祖忽必烈歡迎馬可和他的父親。他很高興見到兩位外國人，想向他們了解歐洲的全部情況。馬可和他的父親成了皇宮里的貴客。盡管馬可很年輕，但他聰明伶俐，并且會講四種語言。他給皇帝留下了深刻的印象，兩個人成了朋友。皇帝讓馬可留在朝廷服務(wù)，派他到全國各地完成了多項(xiàng)重要使命。 馬可也相應(yīng)地被中國的美麗和強(qiáng)大所震撼。北京和皇宮給他留下了深刻的印象，尤其是夏宮，他稱它為“迄今最偉大的宮殿……它的墻用黃金和白銀裝飾，大廳大到可以輕易地容納6 000人同時進(jìn)餐?！? 那時，中國的許多發(fā)明和發(fā)展水平是在歐洲見不到的。馬可驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)中國市場上流通的是紙幣。而在歐洲，那時人們還是用金、銀買貨物。他不理解人們怎么可以用紙來買食物和值錢的物品！他也不明白為什么人們用黑色的石頭作燃料。這種黑色的石頭就是煤，但是馬可以前從沒有見過煤！ In 1291, after 17 years of service to the Emperor, Marco returned to Italy. He was now a very wealthy? man. Not long after his return, a local warbroke out near his town. During the war, Marco was the captain of a warship but was caught by the enemy and put into prison. However, Marco was lucky enough to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author and he took dictation while Marco told all his stories to him. The prisoner then wrote the stories in a book called TheDescriptionoftheWorld， which became one of the bestselling books in Europe. Although people enjoyed reading his book, many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true. But Marco always stood by his tales. Just before he died, aged 70, Marco was asked the question，“Was it all true？”， to which he replied，“I have only told a half of what I saw！”,?wealthy/welθi/adj. 富有的，富裕的 wealth n．財(cái)富；大量；豐富 break out (壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā) happen vi. 發(fā)生 put ... into prison 把……關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 be in prison 被監(jiān)禁 author/??θ?/n. 作者 dictation/dIkteI?n/n. 口述，聽寫 過去分詞短語called ... 作定語，修飾 a book。 bestselling adj. 最暢銷的 bestseller n. 暢銷書或唱片 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾TheDescriptionoftheWorld。 fantastic adj.富于想象的；無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的 stand by 堅(jiān)持(某種說法) stand out 顯眼，引人注意 aged adj. ……歲的 to which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾the question；reply to回答。 [第5～6段譯文]1291年，在中國為皇帝效力17年后，馬可回到意大利。那時，他已經(jīng)很富有了。他返回之后不久，一場區(qū)域性的戰(zhàn)爭在他家鄉(xiāng)附近爆發(fā)了。在戰(zhàn)爭中，馬可成為一艘戰(zhàn)艦的艦長，但(不幸)被俘入獄。然而在獄中，馬可幸運(yùn)地遇到了一個喜歡聽他講關(guān)于中國的故事的囚犯。那個囚犯是一位作家，馬可把自己所有的故事講給他聽，他做筆錄。然后那個囚犯把故事寫成一本書，名為《馬可波羅游記》，這本書成為當(dāng)時歐洲最暢銷的書之一。 雖然人們愛讀他的書，但許多人認(rèn)為馬可關(guān)于中國的故事太離奇而不可信。但馬可總是堅(jiān)持他所講的故事是真的。馬可70歲去世，臨終前，有人問他：“你講的故事都是真的嗎？”馬可回答道：“我講的只是我所看到的一半！” Prereading Please match the words with their proper meanings. 1．extreme　　　　　　　　 A．冒……的危險(xiǎn) 2．similarity B．興奮，激動 3．risk C．相似性，類似性 4．excitement D．不同的，各種各樣的 5．various E．極度的，極端的 6．exactly F．較喜歡的東西，偏愛 7．equipment G．確切地，精確地 8．preference H．配備，設(shè)備 9．emperor I．使驚愕(驚奇) 10．a(chǎn)maze J．皇帝 11．dictation K．旅行者，旅客 12．statement L. 作者 13．quantity M．獵人 14．traveller N．陳述 15．a(chǎn)uthor O．口述，聽寫 16．confuse P．富有的，富裕的 17．hunter Q．量，數(shù)量 18．wealthy R．使困惑 1～5　________________　6～10　________________ 11～15　________________　16～18　________________ 答案：1～5　ECABD　6～10　GHFJI　11～15　ONQKL 16～18　RMP Leadin Look at the explorers in the following pictures and answer the following questions. 1．Who are they? ①M(fèi)agellan；②Xu_Xiake. 2．Which one impresses you most and can you say something about him? Xu Xiake impresses me most. He was a Chinese travel writer and geographer of the Ming Dynasty, best known for his famous geographical treatise named the TravelDiariesXuXiake.He travelled throughout China, documenting (記事) his travels extensively (到處), which would be piled (編輯) later into his book, and his work was translated by Ding Wenjiang. Whilereading True (T) or False (F)． 1．At the age of seventeen, Marco Polo travelled across Europe and Asia on his own.__F__ 2．Marco was very young when he came to China, but he was very clever and could speak four foreign languages.__F__ 3．The Emperor and Marco became friends.__T__ 4．Paper money was used both in Europe and China at that time.__F__ 5．Marco had never seen coal before he came to China.__T__ 6．Marco Polo wrote all his stories in his book TheDescriptionoftheWorld.__F__ Read the text again and fill in the chart with the information in the text. Title: Marco Polo and His Travels Before ing to China Marco travelled across Europe and Asia with his father, who wanted to 1. trade with the Chinese. They eventually arrived in China which was then 2. ruled by the Yuan Dynasty Emperor, Kublai Khan. Marcos stay in China The Emperor was impressed by Marcos 3. cleverness and asked him to serve in his 4. court.　 Marco was amazed by the 5. beauty and power of China. Marco was 6. confused by such Chinese inventions and developments as the use of 7. paper money and coal. After returning to Italy After 17 years 8. service to the Emperor, Marco returned to Italy, where a local war broke out. Marco was put into 9. prison where he met another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China. The prisoner was an author. He took dictation and wrote a book, which became a 10. bestseller in Europe. Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Exactly a decade has passed since a man called Oxygen first threw himself across America. Known for his jumping ability, Oxygen, a Czech, who jumped a nearly 10footwide abyss (深淵). Today, Petr Kops, 21, is wearing Oxygens pants. “I did not know Oxygen personally, but my sister did，” Kops said. “I wear his trousers for good luck.” Minutes later, Kops was standing at the edge of a 70foot abyss called Broken Bones. While it may seem suicidal (自殺的), jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity. Called rock jumping, or simply jumping, this activity is taking place in the AdrspachTeplice Rocks, a remote nature preserve in the northeast part of the Czech Republic. Known for its 11 square miles of sandstone, the region has been loved by lifelong rock climbers. “The aim is to get to the top of as many towers as you can.” said Vladimir Prochazka, known as June Bug, a 59yearold climber and a collector of Czech rock climbing histories. Jumping is often the most possible way to get to the tower. In most cases, climbers jump with a rope tied around their waist. If they miss the landing — which is not unmon — they will fall into the wall of the base tower. “Jumping requires fearlessness，” Prochazka said. “Broken or damaged bones are fairly mon.” Still, there are those who prefer to experience by jumping without a rope. Among the most wellknown of these adventurers are Petr Prachtel and his wife, Zorka, who helped create the sport in the 1960s. They pioneered countless jumps, sometimes without the safety of a rope. 語篇解讀：文章介紹了起源于捷克共和國的跳巖運(yùn)動。文章介紹了該運(yùn)動的起源和在該運(yùn)動中幾個關(guān)鍵的人物。 1．What does “pants” probably mean in the first paragraph? A．Shoes.　　　　　　　　 B．Trousers. C．Jackets. D．Shirts. 解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文中的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他穿的是Oxygen的褲子。故該題的正確答案為B項(xiàng)。 2．Why did Petr Kops wear Oxygens trousers? A．Because he knew Oxygen very well. B．Because Oxygen was good at wearing. C．Because he wanted to be lucky. D．Because Oxygen had poor jumping ability. 解析：選C　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“I wear his trousers for good luck.”可知他是為了好運(yùn)，故該題的正確答案為C項(xiàng)。 3．Rock jumping is ________. A．being less and less popular for it is so far away B．too dangerous to attract any people C．a(chǎn)ppeared in the southeast part of the Czech Republic D．loved by people who can face the danger 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“While it may seem suicidal (自殺的), jumping across a gap is actually an extreme sport that is gaining in popularity.”可知該運(yùn)動類似“自殺”，故一定為一些喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人所鐘愛。故該題的正確答案為D項(xiàng)。 B Some people say, “Extreme sports are so dangerous. Why would anyone want to do them？” But the danger is what makes them so exciting. Keep reading to find out the most popular ones. Bungee jumping: People on some South Pacific islands have been bungee jumping for hundreds of years. In 1979, some people bungee jumped off a bridge in England and made the sport popular around the world. Bungee jumping came to China in 1996. Skateboarding: At first, this sport was called “sidewalk surfing”. Skateboarders often jump high into the air, go down steps or slide (滑行) down rails on their boards. They wear baggy trousers so they can move more freely. Skydiving: This is probably the scariest (最驚險(xiǎn)的 ) extreme sport. Skydivers jump out of airplanes about four kilometers up in the sky. They usually free fall for a while and then open a parachute to slow down for a safe landing. Snowboarding: This became a Winter Olympic sport in 1998. People tied their feet to the board with special shoes. They dont use any ski sticks. Then they ride down hills, jump high and do tricks. 4．What made bungee jumping popular all over the world? A．A history of hundreds of years. B．Jumping over a river in America. C．ing to China in 1996. D．Jumping off a bridge in England. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的“... some people bungee jumped off a bridge in England and made the sport popular around the world”可知答案為D項(xiàng)。 5．In which sport do people jump from a plane or from a high place? A．Bungee jumping and skydiving. B．Skydiving and skateboarding. C．Bungee jumping and skateboarding. D．Snowboarding and skateboarding. 解析：選A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由相關(guān)信息“some people bungee jumped off a bridge”及“Skydivers jump out of airplanes about four kilometers up in the sky.”可知，bungee jumping和skydiving都是從高處起跳的。 6．Why do some people like to do the extreme sports? A．Its easy to learn. B．Its exciting and safe. C．Its scary but safe. D．Its dangerous but exciting. 解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的“the danger is what makes them so exciting”可知，人們喜歡極限運(yùn)動是因?yàn)樗m危險(xiǎn)但刺激。 C Toyotas new robot HSR is devoted to a single task: picking things up. HSR is short for“human support robot”. It es with a single mechanical arm that can hold objects of various shapes and sizes and pick up smaller items with a tiny cup. It doesnt have other tricks, except for a puter panel on its head for surfing the Internet. A person can also access the robot from another puter and use it like a cameraphone. HSR will first be used for people with disabilities and then for the elderly in general. Picking up is especially challenging for people with spinal (脊柱的) disorders and other illnesses. Although it can only do one simple task of picking up, its already making disabled people quite happy. “Were just getting started, but eventually it will enter peoples homes，” the engineer Kouichi Ikeda said. Nearly 40 percent of Japans population will be 65 or older by 2060 and the rest of the developed world and some developing nations will follow it. “People feel more fortable asking a robot to pick up after them than asking a human helper，” said Ikeda. Toyota came up with the idea of HSR in xx. The model should be ready to enter universities, research facilities and businesses next year, where it can get more applications. One disadvantage is that mass (大規(guī)模的) production is needed for the price to e down. The robot has several cameras, including two on its head that look like its eyes and sensors (感應(yīng)器) on its body. It runs quietly around in all directions. Unlike other robotic arms, HSRs hold and bumps are designed to be soft so they cant hurt anyone. But it can pick up items that weigh up to 2.6 pounds. 7．What do we know about HSR? A．It can fulfill various needs. B．It can help get different things. C．It can be made into different sizes. D．It cannot be used to surf the Internet. 解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“It es with a single mechanical arm that can hold objects of various shapes and sizes and pick up smaller items with a tiny cup.”可知，此機(jī)器人可以幫助拿不同的東西。 8．In the eyes of Ikeda, the robot ________. A．faces many problems B．will have a bright future C．is intended for the disabled D．works best in hospitals for patients 解析：選B　推理判斷題。由第二段可知，老齡化社會即將到來，Ikeda認(rèn)為其機(jī)器人將進(jìn)入到千家萬戶，有光明的未來。 9．What is the problem with HSR from Toyota now? A．Its size.　　　　　　　 B．Its shape. C．Its cost. D．Its function. 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“One disadvantage is that mass (大規(guī)模的) production is needed for the price to e down.”可知，這個機(jī)器人目前存在的問題是成本很高。 10．What is special about HSR pared with other robots? A．It is safe to use. B．It moves quickly. C．It works by sensors. D．It has many cameras. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。由最后一段“Unlike other robotic arms, HSRs hold and bumps are designed to be soft so they cant hurt anyone.”可知，HSR比起別的機(jī)器人來很安全，不會傷人。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 The stress of everyday life cannot be avoided. Schoolwork, responsibilities at home, busy schedules, others expectations, disappointments, etc. — all of these can create pressure.__1__ Adding these simple actions to your regular routine can help you feel less stressed. You need to make sure that you keep doing these to enjoy the benefits： __2__ Its true that all work and no play is bad. But if your schedule is so full of activities that theres no time for homework, thatll stress you out too. Manage responsibilities. Use a calendar to keep a record of tasks, chores, practices, and other duties. __3__ Thus, managing stress also means regular studying and keeping on top of tasks. Take time every day to think about how things are going. What do you need to work on or make time for? Make time to exercise every day. Its hard to feel anxious when youre taking a deep breath on a run, feeling the rush of a downhill bike ride, or playing a pickup game with friends. Exercise can take our mind off stress. __4__ Eat healthy food. What you eat affects your mood, energy, and stress levels. Eating healthily doesnt mean avoiding all treats (美食). __5__ Its OK to treat yourself to ice cream occasionally, but if ice cream and sweets are your main source of fuel, youre likely to feel stressed. A．It goes back to that balance thing again. B．Balance responsibilities with activities you enjoy. C．Wed better learn to deal with everyday challenges. D．Planning is no good if you dont actually do what you plan. E．Getting the right amount of sleep is what we need to focus on. F．It also releases chemicals in our brains that make us feel better. G．These daily stressors will pile up if we dont keep them under control. 答案：1～5　GBDFA