2019高考英語一輪復習練習題 Unit 2 The United Kingdom（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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The United Kingdom 一、閱讀理解 閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are, like a nearby port or river. People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to munications and trade. New York City, for example, is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River. Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million. But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time. Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight. In 1896, Dawson, Canada, was unmapped wilderness(荒野). But gold was discovered there in 1897, and two years later, it was one of the largest cities in the West, with a population of 30,000. Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris. People went there for gold. They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers. The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming. An avalanche(雪崩) once closed the path, killing 63 people. For many who made it to Dawson, however, the rewards were worth the difficult trip. Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives. But no matter how rich they were, Dawson was never fortable. Necessities like food and wood were very expensive. But soon, the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found. The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down, and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had e. Today, people still e and go — to see where the Canadian gold rush happened. Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City — its present population is 762. 1. What attracted the early settlers to New York City? A. Its business culture. B. Its small population. C. Its geographical position. D. Its favourable climate. 2. What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson? A. Two-thirds of them stayed there. B. One out of five people got rich. C. Almost everyone gave up. D. Half of them died. 3. What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson? A. They found the city too crowded. B. They wanted to try their luck elsewhere. C. They were unable to stand the winter. D. They were short of food. 4. What is the text mainly about? A. The rise and fall of a city. B. The gold rush in Canada. C. Journeys into the wilderness. D. Tourism in Dawson. 【話題解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了Dawson這座城市的發(fā)展原因、過程與現狀。 2.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第二段最后一句Of the first 20,000 people who dug for gold, 4,000 got rich. About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives.可知，在最初挖黃金的兩萬人中有4000人變富有，所以是五分之一的人變富了，故B正確。 3.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段中and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska, they left Dawson City as quickly as they had e.可知，人們離開Dawson的主要原因是聽說在Alaska發(fā)現了黃金，也就是他們要去別的地方尋找發(fā)財的機會。故B正確。 4.A 【解析】主旨大意題。第一段簡要介紹城市發(fā)展的原因，引出Dawson這一城市的興起，第二段介紹了該城市興起的原因，第三段介紹人們選擇離開該城市的原因及現在的狀況，所以全文圍繞Dawson這個城市的發(fā)展起伏。故A正確。 二、教材與語法填空 根據教材課文內容，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。 The United Kingdom 1. (consist) of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. England is the largest and for 2. (convenient) it is divided roughly into three zones. London is the centre of national government and its administration, 3. its fine museums, art collections and the oldest port. Why did only Northern Ireland join England？In 4. early twentieth century the English government tried to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland 5. (connect) without conflict. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away 6. (form) its own government. To 7. (they) credit, the countries do work together in the currency, international relations and so on, but they still have very different 8. (institution)． 9． is a pity that in England the industrial cities do not attract visitors. People can go to the older but small towns 10. (build) by the Romans for historical architecture and to the countryside for great scenery as well. 答案：1.consists　2.convenience　3.with　4.the 5．connected　 6.to form　7.their　8.institutions 9．It　 10.built 三、完形填空 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項。 An 18yearold student at Stanford University was struggling to pay his fees.Not knowing where to turn for money，he came up with a bright __1__.He and a friend decided to host a musical concert on campus to __2__ money for their education. They__3__ out to the great pianist Ignacy J．Paderewski.His manager__4__ a guaranteed fee of$2,000 for the piano recital(獨奏會)．A deal was__5__ and the boys began to work to make the concert a __6__. The big day arrived.But __7__ ，they had not managed to sell enough tickets.The total __8__ was only $1,600.Disappointed，they went to Paderewski and explained their plight(困境)．They gave him the entire $1,600，plus a __9__ for the balance$400.They promised to honor the check at the __10__ possible.Paderewski tore up the check，__11__ the$1,600 and told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees.The boys were__12__ ，and thanked him heartedly. It was a small act of __13__.But it clearly marked out Paderewski __14__ a great human being. __15__ should he help two people he did not even know? We all __16__ situations like these in our lives.And__17__ of us only think“If I help them，what will happen to me？”The truly __18__ people think，“If I dont help them，what will happen to them？”They dont do it __19__ something in return.They do it __20__ they feel its the right thing to do. 1．A.time　　　　　　B．task C．idea D．decision 2．A.receive B．raise C．borrow D．donate 3．A.reached B．turned C．pointed D．called 4．A.increased B．covered C．considered D．demanded 5．A.rejected B．struck C．canceled D．attracted 6．A.success B．career C．background D．performance 7．A.uncertainly B．unbelievably C．unfortunately D．undoubtedly 8．A.cost B．bill C．collection D．allowance 9．A.benefit B．profit C．charge D．check 10．A.soonest B．latest C．longest D．farthest 11．A.took B．counted C．deposited D．returned 12．A.pleased B．surprised C．frightened D．interested 13．A.devotion B．kindness C．sympathy D．teamwork 14．A.like B．for C．as D．to 15．A.How B．Where C．When D．Why 16．A.e across B．deal with C．adapt to D．think of 17．A.both B．few C．none D．most 18．A.able B．rich C．great D．famous 19．A.taking B．expecting C．offering D．preparing 20．A.because B．though C．before D．so 【解題導語】兩個大學生本想通過組織一場音樂會賺取學費，可是音樂會并不成功，但善良的受邀鋼琴家的大方舉動卻給他們解了圍。 1．C　根據設空后的He and a friend decided to host a musical concert...可知，他和朋友決定舉辦一場音樂會以籌集學費，這是他的想法(idea)。故選C項。 2．B　根據上文中的Not knowing where to turn for money可知，由于學費不夠，他和朋友決定舉辦音樂會來籌集學費。receive意為“收到”；raise意為“籌集”；borrow意為“借”；donate意為“捐獻”。故選B項。 3．A　reach out to意為“表示對……感興趣；表示愿意提供援助”；turn out意為“證明是；結果是”；point out意為“指出”；call out意為“大聲呼叫；呼喊”。根據第二段可知，他們開音樂會要邀請著名的鋼琴家，說明他們對這位鋼琴家有興趣。故選A項。 測訓診斷：本題考生易誤選B項。考生易把turn to“求助于”和turn out to“證明是；結果是”以及reach out to“表示對……感興趣”混淆。 4．D　根據設空后的a guaranteed fee可知，鋼琴家的經紀人要求(demanded)他們付2,000美元的保證金。故選D項。increase意為“增加”；cover意為“覆蓋；遮蔽；包括；報道”；consider意為“考慮；細想；認為”。 5．B　根據設空后的began to work可知，他們之間達成了協(xié)議。strike a deal意為“達成協(xié)議”；reject意為“拒絕”；cancel意為“取消”；attract意為“吸引”。故選B項。 6．A　他們達成了協(xié)議，并且為了音樂會的成功舉辦，他們開始積極籌備。故選A項。success意為“成功的事”，career意為“職業(yè)；事業(yè)”；background意為“背景；出身”；performance意為“表演；演出；表現”。 7．C　根據前文可知他們達成了協(xié)議，再根據設空后的had not managed to sell enough tickets可知，他們并沒有賣出足夠的票，這對他們來說是不幸的。故選C項。 8．C　根據設空后的$1,600以及下文的$400可知，此處指他們總的籌款為1,600美元。cost意為“花費；成本；代價”；bill意為“賬單”；collection意為“籌集的錢；收藏品”；allowance意為“津貼；補貼”。 9．D　根據下文的They promised to honor the check at the ________ possible.可知，因為他們并沒有籌到足夠的錢，所以又寫了400美元的支票作為欠款。故選D項。 10．A　他們承諾盡快(soonest)承兌支票，故選A項。 11．D　根據空前的Paderewski tore up the check及空后的told the two boys to keep the money they needed for the fees可知，鋼琴家撕毀了支票，并且還把1,600美元還給了(returned)他們讓他們當做學費。故選D項。 12．B　根據上文可知，他們本來是承諾了要給鋼琴家2,000美元，但卻沒有籌夠錢，而鋼琴家又把錢還給了他們，因此，他們非常驚訝(surprised)而且非常感激。故選B項。pleased意為“高興的；快樂的；滿意的”；frightened意為“害怕的”；interested意為“感興趣的”。 13．B　根據上文可知，鋼琴家沒有要保證金，而且把錢給了兩個大學生充當學費，因此這是一個善舉。devotion意為“獻身；貢獻”；kindness意為“善良”；sympathy意為“同情”；teamwork意為“團隊合作”。故選B項。 14．C　鋼琴家的善舉使得他更顯人的偉大之處。mark...out as意為“使……看上去脫穎而出成為……”，符合語境。故選C項。 15．D　根據下文可知，每個人都遇到過幫與不幫別人的問題，由此可推測，本句應是探討幫助別人的原因。故選D項。 16．A　根據下文And ________ of us only think“If I help them, what will happen to me？”可知，我們都曾遇到過類似的情況。e across意為“偶遇；邂逅”，符合語境。故選A項。deal with意為“處理；處置”；adapt to意為“適應”；think of意為“想起；想到”。 17．D　根據語境可知，此處應指我們大多數，故選D項。 18．C　根據上句可知，大多數人是在想幫助別人對自己的影響，而偉大的人卻想如果不幫助別人對他人有什么影響。great意為“偉大的”，符合語境。故選C項。 19．B　根據上文的“If I dont help them, what will happen to them？”可知，他們是在考慮別人，不求(expecting)回報。故選B項。 20．A　根據最后一段可知，偉大的人不求回報地去幫助別人，他們之所以這么做，是因為他們感覺這是正確的事情。因此，設空處表原因，引導原因狀語從句。故選A項。 四、教材與話題寫作 (Ⅰ)用本單元所學知識完成下列句子。 1．眾所周知，英國由英格蘭、威爾士、蘇格蘭和北愛爾蘭四個國家組成。英格蘭是四個國家中最大的一個。(consist of) 答案：As we all know, the UK consists of four countries—England, Wales, Scoltland and Northern Ireland. England is the largest one of the four countries. 2．英國位于歐洲西北部，英吉利海峽(the English Channel)把它與歐洲大陸分開。(separate) 答案：The UK lies in the northwest of Europe and it is separated from Europe by the English Channel. 3．它的首都倫敦是歐洲最大和最具國際特色的城市。(international) 答案：Its capital London is Europe’s largest and most international city. 4．在那里有很多旅游景點，每年吸引著來自世界各地的游客。(tourist attraction) 答案：There are lots of tourist attractions and they attract visitors from all over the world every year. (Ⅱ)將以上句子連成短文，要求銜接連貫、過渡自然。 五、下面是李華的一篇作文，文中有五處錯誤，改正錯誤并背誦該文。 Which we all know, the UK consists of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, of which England is the larger one. The UK lie in the northwest of Europe, which is separated from Europe by the English Channel. Its capital London is Europe’s largest and most international city, where there are lots of tourist attraction and they attract visitors from all over the world in every year. 答案： 　　 we all know, the UK consists of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, of which England is the one. The UK in the northwest of Europe, which is separated from Europe by the English Channel. Its capital London is Europe’s largest and most international city, where there are lots of tourist and they attract visitors from all over the world every year.