英漢翻譯中的分譯課件.ppt

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英漢翻譯之分譯法,Division in E-C Translation,,,英語重形,,漢語重意,,,英語造句多用形合法（hypotaxis),,漢語造句多用意合法（parataxis),,英語主要以詞匯為紐帶，漢語主要以邏輯為紐帶；英語造句主要借助連詞、關(guān)系代詞等形式骨架，漢語造句主要憑借隱含的邏輯將句子的各個(gè)部分統(tǒng)一起來。,Leamas guessed ‖she must have been briefed to take that way ‖ and that she were followed by another car. 利馬斯心想，一定有人想她交代過走這條路，后面還有一輛車跟隨。,原文包括一個(gè)主句和兩個(gè)從句，主句和從句有連接代詞that 溝通，兩個(gè)賓語從句有并列連詞and 聯(lián)合，第一個(gè)賓語從句之前省略了that。,譯文用三個(gè)逗號(hào)將三層意思隔開，主次關(guān)系包含其中。,,A．單詞的分譯 將原文中的一個(gè)單詞分離出來單獨(dú)譯為漢語的一個(gè)句子，使原文的一個(gè)句子分譯成兩個(gè)以上的漢語單句。可能進(jìn)行分譯的單詞有： (1)形容詞,,3.He is having an identifiable trouble with his teeth. 他正患牙病，這是大家都看得出來的。 4.The day dawned misty and overcast. 那天天亮?xí)r霧氣很重，天上布滿烏云。,EXE,5.As a shy young visitor to Einstein’s home, I was made to feel at ease when Einstein said,” I have something to show you.” 小時(shí)候有一次去愛因斯坦家作客，由于我很靦腆，他就對我說：“我有樣?xùn)|西給你看?！庇谑俏冶愀械讲痪惺?。,,(2)副詞 6.Frankly, are you interested in going? 你說實(shí)話，有興趣嗎？,,Paradoxically, though they are the providers of food to the remaining mankind and constitute lifeline for the urban dwellers, yet the interests of inhabitants in many rural areas continue to be consigned to revolting neglect. 盡管他們生產(chǎn)糧食養(yǎng)活了世界的另一部分人，維系著城鎮(zhèn)居民的生命線，然而，許多農(nóng)業(yè)人口的利益至今仍繼續(xù)遭受令人厭惡的冷漠忽視。說起來荒謬，但這卻是事實(shí)。,EXE 8. Characterically, Mr. Harold concealed his feelings and watched and learned. 哈羅德先生沒有表露自己的感情，只是察言觀色，心領(lǐng)神會(huì)。這是他的性格。 7.Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved dramatically. 那些受到表揚(yáng)的人進(jìn)步顯著，這是不足為怪的。,,,The Counselor for Commercial Affairs of China Embassy and the representative of import and export corporations, economic and technical corporation exercise their functions and power abroad under the leadership of Ministry for Foreign Economic Relations and Trade of China. 在國外，中國使館商務(wù)參贊及進(jìn)出口公司經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)公司的代表在中國對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易部的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下行使職權(quán)。,,（3）動(dòng)詞 9.We recognize and share China’s resolve to resist the attempts of any nation which seeks to establish global or regional hegemony. 我們認(rèn)識(shí)到中國決心抵抗任何國家尋求建立全球霸權(quán)和地區(qū)霸權(quán)的企圖，我們也有這樣的決心。,EXE,The year 2008 began---and ended---with an unusual oil crisis: fears that the price of crude oil would not go up but down. 2008年新年伊始，就存在著一種異乎尋常的石油危機(jī)：人們擔(dān)心原油價(jià)格要下降，而不是上揚(yáng)。這一年結(jié)束的時(shí)候，情況依然如此。,,（4）名詞 10.She left home a child and came back a mother of three children. 離家時(shí)她還是個(gè)孩子，回來時(shí)已是三個(gè)孩子的媽媽了。,EXE,He had a sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and he was all for the racy phrase. 他認(rèn)為習(xí)語是語言的支柱，因此特別主張用生動(dòng)活潑的短語。這種看法是很有道理的。,,11.As a secret training base for a revolutionary new plane, it was an excellent site, its remoteness effectively masking its activity. 作為新型飛機(jī)的訓(xùn)練基地，這是一個(gè)非常理想的地方；因?yàn)樗靥庍呞?，人們不容易了解其中的活?dòng)。,,B．短語分譯 將原文中的一個(gè)短語譯為一個(gè)句子，使原文的一個(gè)句子分譯成兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的漢語句子。可能進(jìn)行分譯的短語有： （1）分詞短語,,12.He was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. 他已穿好衣服，坐在火爐旁。這個(gè)9歲的男孩看上去病得很厲害，一副可憐巴巴的模樣。,EXE,13.He handed me my draft of the plan completely modified. 他把我的計(jì)劃草案交還了我，內(nèi)容全改動(dòng)了。,,（2）介詞短語 14.The fire started during the workmen’s dinner hour. 工人們吃飯時(shí)，發(fā)生了火災(zāi)。 15.With all his faults, I like him. 盡管他有種種缺點(diǎn)，我還是喜歡他。,EXE,The popular reaction to the debt problem particularly in the United States, was try to punish the banks for having lent money to developing countries rather than to neighborhood companies. 一般人對債務(wù)問題的反應(yīng)是試圖懲罰這些銀行，責(zé)怪它們把錢借給了發(fā)展中國家，而不是本地的公司。在美國，情況尤其如此。,,（3）名詞短語 16.Alice, normally a timid girl, argued heatedly with them about it. 阿麗絲平時(shí)是個(gè)靦腆的姑娘，現(xiàn)在也和他們熱烈地辯論起來。,EXE,17.You should consult your advisor, Dr. John H. Olson, Room 125D Science Wing, Phone 715 232-2604, concerning the planning of your program. 你應(yīng)找你的指導(dǎo)教師約翰.H.奧爾森博士商量你的計(jì)劃。他在理科側(cè)樓125D房間，電話是715232-2604。,長句分譯,分析語法結(jié)構(gòu) 理清主句從句間邏輯語義關(guān)系 再按時(shí)間邏輯順序安排,,,C, 將較長的一句分譯為數(shù)句。 Her boyfriend has recently returned home from Long land and he told her of the house where he was boarded, and lodged, a red-tiled bungalow, on a little hill, over-looking the blue sea, with a large, shady garden behind it. 他的男友剛從長島回家不久。他跟她談起了那座供他食宿的房子。那是一幢坐落在小山上的紅瓦平房，俯視著藍(lán)色的大海，房后還有一個(gè)綠樹成蔭的花園。,食，宿,紅瓦平房,長島（地名）,A physically mature female deer in good condition who has conceived in November and given birth to two fawns during the end of May or first part of June , must search for food for the necessary energy not only to meet her body’s needs but also to produce milk for her fawns. 一只成熟健壯的母鹿,在11 月份懷胎,5 月底或6 月初生下兩只幼鹿,這時(shí)她必須尋找食物以獲得必要的能量,這不僅是為了滿足自身的需要,而且也是為了給幼鹿生產(chǎn)乳汁.,幼鹿,The president said at a press conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat , which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House. 在一次記者招待會(huì)上,問題集中于昨天的選舉結(jié)果,總統(tǒng)就此發(fā)了言。他說他不能解釋為什么共和黨遭到了這樣大的失敗。這種情況最終會(huì)使共和黨失去在眾院中長期享有的優(yōu)勢。,眾議院,,They would have had to live the rest of their lives under the stigma that he had recklessly precipitated an action which wrecked the Summit Conference and conceivably could have launched a nuclear war. 他們可能已不得不蒙著一種臭名而終其余生，這個(gè)臭名就是：他曾貿(mào)然采取了一項(xiàng)行動(dòng)，這項(xiàng)行動(dòng)破壞了最高級(jí)會(huì)談，并且可以設(shè)想，還可能已觸發(fā)一場核戰(zhàn)爭。,Anyone considering taking part in a work of transformation of those forms of older art which seem to us in many ways unsatisfactory , so that they should be more in turn with the changing times , and anyone who does not quail at the prospect of seeking out new forms of expression for new materials and new building function , will find spiritual kinship,observing Borromini’s building. 舊藝術(shù)形式在許多方面似乎不能令我們滿意,這就有待于我們?nèi)プ兏镞@種形式以便更好地跟上變化多端的時(shí)代步伐,任何考慮參加這項(xiàng)工作的人,任何用勇于為新材料和新建筑功能探索新表現(xiàn)形式的人,觀察一下博羅里尼的建筑,都會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)精神上的血緣關(guān)系.,畏縮,博羅里尼（著名建筑家）,The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the market place for those goods and services that they want most. 美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)是以基本的私有企業(yè)和市場導(dǎo)向經(jīng)濟(jì)為架構(gòu)的，在這種經(jīng)濟(jì)中，消費(fèi)者很大程度上通過在市場上為那些他們最想要的貨品和服務(wù)付費(fèi)來決定應(yīng)該生產(chǎn)什么。,D,將一詞分譯成不同表達(dá)方式： The magazine was ably and eloquently conducted, and the general tenor of its articles was to urge onward the national economy. 這家雜志經(jīng)營得宜，立論令人信服，文章的主旨是促進(jìn)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 EXE:,善辯地,,The endless interference in the oversea affairs strained the American administration’s principles as well as its budgets. 無休止的干預(yù)海外事務(wù)，不僅使美國政府的原則立場無法自圓其說，而且使其預(yù)算捉襟見肘。 Some Americans pop across the border simply to fuel up on flavorful Mexican food and beer. 一些美國人匆匆越過邊界，只是為了吃點(diǎn)可口的墨西哥食品，喝點(diǎn)味美的墨西哥啤酒。,Assignments:,1.It is obvious that his period in office was marked by step rise in his country’s oil revenue and the beginning of a social-political crisis brought out by wide-scale misuse of the 22 billion a year earning from oil. 2.No city could lay stronger claim than Tai’an, the birthplace of everlasting Chinese sage-philosopher, Kung-fu Tse, who reigned supreme in the world of knowledge and academic pragmatism for over 2,000 years, and whose wisdom and teaching forged the intellectual excellence and foresight with pragmatic realism, bequeathing mankind an unrivaled treasure of knowledge.,Key,1.他執(zhí)政期間有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)：一是該國的石油收入猛增；二是由于濫用每年220億美元的石油收入而開始形成政治危機(jī)。這是顯而易見的 2.泰安市最有資格入選的城市，因?yàn)樗侵袊f古長存的先哲和思想家孔夫子的誕生地。孔子的思想在知識(shí)領(lǐng)域和學(xué)術(shù)實(shí)踐中矩至高無上的統(tǒng)治地位長達(dá)兩千年。孔子的智慧和教誨以實(shí)際的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義錘煉了卓越才智和遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)，為人類留下了無與倫比的知識(shí)寶藏。,