中考英語 題型解讀 第3節(jié) 完形填空課件.ppt
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中考題型解讀,第三節(jié) 完形填空,廣州中考高分突破,,題型突破 完形填空是近年來廣州市英語中考一直采用的一種綜合性很強的測試題型,主要考查考生的語言綜合運用能力。完形填空涉及的知識面廣,靈活性較高,它不僅能測試考生的英語知識水平和對所學的知識的綜合運用能力,而且能反映出考生的閱讀理解能力,分析判斷能力和邏輯推理能力。完形填空通常選用一篇200~250個單詞的 短文,給出10個空格,每空1分。 完形填空與語法選擇不同。語法選擇側(cè)重考查某個詞在具體語言環(huán)境里的不同形式,而完形填空主要考查在具體的語言環(huán)境里用不同的詞,,,側(cè)重于詞與詞之間的意思的區(qū)別。完形填空要求考生既要運用自己所學過的詞匯、習慣用語、固定搭配、語法、句法等基礎(chǔ)知識理解每個句子,又要處理好句子與句子之間以及句子與全文之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。主要測試考生在具體語言環(huán)境中對文章的篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、中心思想、推理判斷、詞語辨析、習慣用法或固定搭配等方面的能力,以及對所學英語知識的綜合運用能力、快速閱讀理解能力和邏輯推理判斷能力等,因而該題型能較全面 地反映考生對所學知識的掌握程度。,,完形填空的主要考點包括: (1)名詞、代詞、介詞、連詞; (2)引導(dǎo)賓語從句、狀語從句、關(guān)系從句的連詞; (3)非謂語動詞; (4)詞語辨析及動詞短語、時態(tài); (5)習慣用法或固定搭配。 從近幾年的廣州市中考試題看來,完形填空越來越強調(diào)對上下文以及通篇文章的理解。,,解題技巧 要做好完形填空,必須掌握一定的解題方法和技巧,才能盡量做到在有能力得分的題上不丟分。完形填空解題步驟是:通覽——試填——復(fù)核。 1.通覽——速讀全文,把握大意。 快速閱讀一下全文,通過通覽全文、領(lǐng)會大意,概略地了解文章的體裁、背景、內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)層次、情節(jié)、寫作風格等。 2.試填——緊扣文意,瞻前顧后。 先易后難,逐層深入。緊扣全文內(nèi)容,聯(lián)系上下文和語境,展開邏輯推理,注意從上下文中尋找線索,注意從詞數(shù)的意義、搭配、慣用法、語法、常識,,等多個角度進行綜合考慮。 3.復(fù)核——全面檢查,確保語意連貫,用詞準確。 試填后,要把全文再通讀一遍,注意看所選答案填入空白處后能否做到文章意思通順、前后連貫、邏輯嚴謹、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、首尾呼應(yīng)。 解題技巧有: 1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。 2.注意固定搭配,包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等,同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。,,3.注意同義詞的辨義。 4.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項。 有時,選項中所給的四個詞為表示上下文邏輯關(guān)系的連接性詞語,它涉及到文章的起承轉(zhuǎn)合、上下連貫。這類題主要考查考生對上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解,如轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、遞進關(guān)系、增補關(guān)系、比較關(guān)系,以及對比關(guān)系等。 5.根據(jù)生活常識以及相關(guān)知識確定選項。,,真題分析 一、(2015廣州)完形填空(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分) 閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從36~45各題所給的A、B、C和D項中,選出最佳選項。 Kierman was born in Sydney,Australia,and grew up near the sea.For more than 40 years, he raced in international sailing competitions. In 1987,Kierman was competing in an around the world race when he began to______the huge amount of rubbish in the world’s oceans.When he returned to Australia,he ____to do something,,about it. He organized a community____ called “Clean Up Sydney Harbour”. On Sunday, January8th,1989,more than 40,000 volunteers came out to _______away rubbish.The next year,Kierman made the clean up a national event.It was a huge____________.Across Australia,about 300,000 people spent the day improving their local __________. Since then,“Clean Up Australia” has got __________every year.In 2002,for example, 800,000 people cleaned up almost 15000 tons,,of rubbish from Australia’s beaches,parks and streets. Kierman was ________with the success of his project.In 2003,he started an even bigger program.With the __________of the United Nations Environment Program,he introduced “Clean Up the World”,an international program that supports communities around the world in cleaning up and protecting the environment. “Clean Up the World” has grown ________and his wonderful idea has now spread from one city to the whole world.,,( )36.A.save B.collect C.notice D.produce ( )37.A.refused B.decided C.pretended D.stopped ( )38.A.law B.party C.company D.event ( )39.A.clear B.send C.turn D.give ( )40.A.problem B.success C.surprise D.failure ( )41.A.culture B.project C.government D.environment,C,B,D,A,B,D,,( )42.A.older B.smaller C.bigger D.faster ( )43.A.happy B.angry C.disappointed D.concerned ( )44.A.need B.help C.hope D.action ( )45.A.loudly B.gently C.rapidly D.busily,C,A,B,C,,【答案與解析】澳大利亞人Kierman在一次國際帆船比賽中發(fā)現(xiàn)海洋上有大量垃圾,于是他發(fā)起倡議,與志愿者們義務(wù)清理垃圾,保護環(huán)境。這項事業(yè)從國內(nèi)做到國際,越做越大。 36.C 解析:考查的是動詞辨析和上下文理解。save表示“節(jié)約、拯救”, notice表示“注意”,collect 表示“收集”,produce表示“生產(chǎn)”。根據(jù)下文,可知道“當他從澳大利亞回來的時候,他決定做一些事情解決海洋垃圾問題”,所以在他參加比賽時應(yīng)是“注意”到海上有很多垃圾,因此選C。,,37.B 解析:考查的是詞組辨析。refuse to表示“拒絕做”,decide to表示“決定做”, pretend to表示“假裝做”,stop to表示“停下來去做另一件事”。從下文“他發(fā)起一個清理垃圾的社區(qū)活動”可知選decide to。 38.D 解析:考查的是名詞辨析和上下文理解。根據(jù)下文第三段“Kierman made the cleanup a national event”,Kierman把這個清潔活動變成一個全國性的活動”,可知他剛開始組織的是一個“社區(qū)活動”,因此選event表示“活動”。,,39.A 解析:考查動詞詞組。clear away表示“清理”,send away表示“發(fā)送、遣散”, turn away表示 “拒絕、離開”,give away表示“捐贈”。根據(jù)上文“他組織了一個叫做‘清理悉尼海灣’的活動”可知這些人應(yīng)該是出來“清理垃圾”,因此選clear away。 40.B 解析:考查名詞和上下文。文中講到許多人參加這個活動清理垃圾,應(yīng)該是獲得巨大成功,因此選B。 41.D 解析:考查名詞和上下文。根據(jù)上文可知,許多,,人參加這個活動清理垃圾,應(yīng)該是“改善當?shù)丨h(huán)境”,因此,此處應(yīng)該填 environment 表示環(huán)境。 42.C 解析:考查上下文。1990年大約30萬人參加這個活動,2002年有80萬人參加,所以這個活動應(yīng)該是“每年規(guī)模更大”,另外,下文第五段提到In 2003,he started an even bigger program,因此選bigger。 43.A 解析:考查形容詞辨析。happy表示“高興的”, angry表示“生氣的”, disappointed表示“沮喪的”, concerned表示“擔心的”。根據(jù)常識,活動,,獲得成功應(yīng)該是“高興”,故選 happy 。 44.B 解析:考查詞組。with the help of 表示“在……的幫助下”,無“with the need/hope/action of”的用法,因此選 help 。 45.C 解析:考查副詞和上下文理解。loudly表示“大聲地”, gently表示“溫柔地”, rapidly表示“迅速地”, busily表示“忙碌地”。上文講到每年參加清潔活動的人越來越多,下文講到他的想法現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)從一個城市發(fā)展到全世界,表明這個活動發(fā)展迅速,因此選rapidly。,,二、(2014廣州)完形填空(共10小題,每小題1分,滿分10分) 閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從36~45各題所給的A、B、C和D項中,選出最佳選項。 One morning a fox was searching for his breakfast.He went down to the lake to______ some fish.Suddenly he saw a rabbit digging a hole on the bank of the lake and decided to eat it instead.Not wanting the rabbit to discover him,the fox moved_______towards his meal.As he got closer,he stepped on some dry leaves. The rabbit then_______in fear.When he saw the,,fox,he started to shout. “Quiet! Why do you rabbits shout so much?” asked the fox,slightly annoyed that he had lost his _________. “I am sorry,but you scared me.Your sharp teeth make me ________.”replied the rabbit.“But I don’t want to eat you”,lied the fox,“I am only here to help with your ________.I will be back tomorrow and help you dig your hole.” The next day,the fox returned to the _____. There he saw a group of rabbits busily digging holes on the bank.He thought about catching,,one.At that moment the rabbit he had met the day before started jumping up and down,making a ________ noise to warn his friends.All the rabbits and even the fish quickly________.The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food and ended up _________ fruit. ( )36.A.catch B.buy C.smell D.cook ( )37.A.noisily B.silently C.confidently D.angrily ( )38.A.looked down B.looked away C.turned off D.turned around ( )39.A.time B.place C.meal D.fish ( )40.A.sad B.excited C.nervous D.happy,A,B,D,C,C,,( )41.A.food B.work C.story D.friends ( )42.A.breakfast B.house C.lake D.mountain ( )43.A.loud B.low C.usual D.dangerous ( )44.A.returned B.shouted C.entered D.disappeared ( )45.A.growing B.eating C.picking D.selling,B,C,A,D,B,,【答案與解析】本文是一篇記敘文。一天早上,一只狐貍外出覓食,他想捕捉一只正在湖堤上打洞的兔子,沒想到被兔子發(fā)現(xiàn)了。他欺騙兔子說是來幫忙打洞的。第二天他再次來到湖邊,兔子發(fā)出警報給他的朋友們,最后狐貍只好用水果來作為早餐吃了。 36.A 解析:根據(jù)文章最后一句中的“could not find anything to catch for food”可知,他想去湖里捕魚吃。故選A。 37.B 解析:根據(jù)上文“not wanting the rabbit to,,discover him”可知,狐貍悄悄地靠近這只兔子。故選B。 38.D 解析:look down意為“俯視”;look away意為“不再看(某人或某物)”;turn off意為“關(guān)掉”;turn around意為“轉(zhuǎn)身”。根據(jù)上文“.he stepped on some dry leaves”和下文“When he saw the fox...”可知,兔子是轉(zhuǎn)過身來看到了狐貍。故選D。 39.C 解析:根據(jù)上文“and decided to eat it instead.”和“Why do you rabbits shout so much?”可知,狐,,貍因失去了一頓美餐而有點生氣。故選C。 40.C 解析:根據(jù)上文“you scared me”可知,答案選C。 41.B 解析:根據(jù)下文“I will be back tomorrow and help you dig your hole.”可知,此處指幫他干活兒。故選B。 42.C 解析:根據(jù)上文“Suddenly he saw a rabbit digging a hole on the bank of the lake”和下文“on the bank”可知,狐貍第二天又回到湖邊。故選C。,,43.A 解析:根據(jù)空格后的“noise to warn his friends”可知,這只兔子弄出很大的動靜來警告他的同伴們。故選A。 44.D 解析:根據(jù)下文“The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food.”可知,所有的兔子和魚都消失了。故選D。 45.B 解析:根據(jù)上文“The poor fox could not find anything to catch for food.”可知,最后他只好吃水果。故選B。,,考情分析:完形填空主要考查詞義的辨析和聯(lián)系上下文得出答案。根據(jù)上下文得出答案需要我們讀懂整篇文章,詞義的辨析要求我們在平時掌握好各種容易混淆的單詞或詞組。下面我們列舉了一些容易混淆的單詞和詞組的辨析,同學們要在平時要注意積累這些易混的單詞和詞組。,,易混詞辨析 一、易混名詞辨析 1.cloth, clothes, clothing,dress (1)cloth指“布”、“布料”。 (2)clothes指具體的衣服,包括內(nèi)衣、外衣,不能與數(shù)詞連用。 (3)clothing是服裝的總稱,包括內(nèi)衣、外衣,還包括帽子、鞋襪、手套之類,只用單數(shù),無復(fù)數(shù) (4)dress作不可數(shù)名詞時,指外衣,尤指社交場合穿的服裝。作可數(shù)名詞時,常指連衣裙。 練習:①a dish __________. ②I want to buy sports __________.,cloth,clothes,,③Now people are all in their winter _________. ④She wore a blue __________last night. 2.dinner,meal (1)dinner是指“正餐(午飯或晚飯)”或“宴會”。 (2)meal是指“一餐(一頓飯)”而言。 練習:①Let’s go and have __________together. ②What time do you usually have your _______? 3.sound, voice, noise (1)sound“聲音”,指耳朵能聽到的各種聲音,多作可數(shù)名詞。 (2)voice“聲音”,主要指人的聲音。 (3)noise指“噪音”。 可以作可數(shù)名詞,也可作不,clothing,dress,dinner,meals,,可數(shù)名詞,詞組有:make a noise等。 練習:①I was waiting for the__________of the other shoe! ②The teacher said in a loud_________,“Please keep silent.” ③But every night he heard the _______ upstairs. 4.job,work 都可譯為“工作”、“勞動”。job,work是常用詞,其區(qū)別:job是可數(shù)名詞,work是不可數(shù)名詞。 練習:①She got a _________of washing clothes. ②It takes a lot of __________to build a building.,sound,voice,noise,job,work,,5.person,people , man 這三個詞有共同之處,都有“人”的意思,但也有不同之處。 (1)person是指“人”(男人或女人),有單數(shù)形式,也有復(fù)數(shù)形式。 (2)people是復(fù)數(shù)形式,指“人民;人們”,不能指一個人。 (3)man專指“男人”也指“人類”(不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,不加冠詞)。 練習:①Two __________ are waiting for you. ②He lived for the _____and died for the people. ③All __________must die.,persons,people,men,,6.problem,question 都可譯為“問題”,但它們所含的意思并不相同。 (1)question一般是指等待回答的“問題;提問”。 (2)problem一般是指等待解決(solve)或決定(decide)的“問題;難題”。 練習:①May I ask some__________? ②That’s no ________.I can lend you my money. 7.table,desk 都可譯為“桌子”,其區(qū)別:table通常用于吃飯,游樂等。desk用于讀書或辦公,并且大多附有抽屜,常被稱為“書桌”、“課桌”、“辦公桌”等。 練習:①We were at__________when he arrived.,questions,problem,table,,②There are many __________in the classroom. 8.floor,ground 兩者都有“地面、地上”的含義。其區(qū)別:floor 一般指室內(nèi)的地上、地板、地面,而ground常指室外的地面,也可泛指地球表面。 練習:①He was sitting on the __________ when I came in. ②The __________is wet now.It must have rained last night. 9.door,gate 都可譯為“門”。其區(qū)別: (1)door 一般指房子、房間、家具等的門,還可用于比喻意義。,desks,floor,ground,,(2)gate指圍墻、柵欄、籬笆等的開口處。 練習:①Close the __________ when you go out. ②He walked through the ______into the garden. 10.road,way, street (1)road指“公路;馬路”,指兩側(cè)之間可以通行人或車輛的大道?!霸隈R路上”一般用on the road?!按┻^馬路”用cross the road(或go across the road)。 (2)way意為“路線;路途;方法”等,統(tǒng)指從一地到另一地的路途。常用固定詞組有in this way(用這種方式);on the way to(在去……的路上);get in the way of(擋道)等。,door,gate,,(3)street表示“街道”,其兩邊有建筑物?!霸诮稚稀币话阌胕n the street。“穿過街道”一般用go through the street。 練習:①Excuse me,can you tell me the________ to the post office? ②When he went home, he saw an old woman lying in the__________. ③The_______in this village is wider than before. 11.family, home (1)family表示“家;家庭”,也可指全體家庭成員。(2)home意為“家”,帶有眷戀等感情色彩。 練習:①Tom has a big__________.There are six,way,street,road,family,,people in his__________. ②She has been in Shenzhen for 10 years. Shenzhen has become her second__________. 12.idea, advice (1)idea表示“主意”,是可數(shù)名詞。 例如:a good idea一個好主意 (2)advice表示“建議”,“忠告”,是不可數(shù)名詞。例如:a piece of advice 一個忠告(一個建議) 練習:①Can you give me some__________on how to learn English well? ②He has got a good__________to deal with his old books.,family,home,advice,idea,,二、易混不定代詞辨析 1.some,any some,any都意為“一些”,既可以修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),也可以修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞。some常用在肯定句中;any多用于否定句、疑問句及條件句中。 練習:①I have __________tea here. ②I can’t see __________tea. 2.many,much many,much都表示“許多”的意思,主要用于否定句和疑問句中,在肯定句中多用a lot of,lots of等。many修飾或代替可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù),其反義,some,any,,詞是few;而much修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞,其反義詞是little。 練習:①I didn’t know__________English people who could speak Chinese. ②Is there__________water in the bottle? 3.few,a few,little,a little few,a few用來修飾或代替復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;little,a little用來修飾或代替不可數(shù)名詞;few,little表示否定,意為“很少、幾乎沒有”;a few,a little表示肯定,意為“一些、少許”。 練習:①He is now out of work and can earn __________ money.,many,much,little,②I can speak __________French. ③__________students in this school can speak Japanese. ④There are still __________students in the classroom. 4.another,other,others,the other和the others的區(qū)別 (1)another泛指三者或三者以上中的任何一個,表示“又一(個),又一些;另外的(人、物),別的(人、物)”,既可用作形容詞又可用作代詞。 (2)other表示“另外的”,常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用;前面有the,this,that,some,any,,a little,Few,a few,,each,every,no,one,my,your,his等,則可與單數(shù)名詞連用。 (3)others泛指別的人或物,是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式,泛指別的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定語,some…others=(the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞)“一些……另一些……” (4)the other表示“兩者中的另一個”,one…the other…意為“(兩者中的)一個……另一個……”。修飾單數(shù)名詞意為“(兩者中)另一個”,修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞意為“(兩部分中)剩下的,其余的”。 (5)the others=the other+名詞復(fù)數(shù):指剩下的人(或物),其余的(或物),,練習: ①We need __________ four people. ②__________ people may think like that. ③Some of the questions are hard;__________ are easy. ④He has two sons.One is thin and __________ is fat. ⑤There are 50 students in my class.30 are boys,__________are girls. 5.none,no one (1)none表示三者或三者以上全部否定,意為“全都不”。none既可指人又可指物,通常后接of短語,another,Other,others,the other,the others,,none用作主語時,謂語動詞用單復(fù)數(shù)均可。none常用來回答how many/much的提問。 (2)no one表示三者或三者以上全部否定,與nobody同義,只用來指人,其后一般不跟of短語。no one常用來回答who的提問。 練習:①__________ of us want(s) to go,but we have to. ②Everyone is here;__________ is away. 6.every,each每一個 (1)every用來指三者或三者以上,側(cè)重整體而不指個別,它不能單獨作主語或賓語,只有與名詞連用或構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞時,才能作主語和賓語。every,None,no none,,常可用于某些固定搭配中。 (2)each則用來指兩者或兩者以上,側(cè)重于個別情況,可作主語、賓語、定語或同位語。作主語時,后接謂語的單數(shù)形式,但each作主語同位語時,謂語動詞與主語一致。 練習:①He knew by heart __________ word in her letter. ②He gave an apple to __________. 7.all,both (1)all表示“都”。指三者以上,或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動詞既可以用單數(shù),也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。 (2)both作代詞。①與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn),,every,each,,表示“兩個都”。②與“of+代詞(或名詞)”連用,表示“兩者都”。 練習:①__________of us like Mr.Pope. ②Lucy and Lily__________agree with us. 8.neither,either (1)neither表示“兩者都不……”。作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 (2)either表示“兩個中的任何一個”,可修飾或代替單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。作主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 練習:①_________of the knives is useful. ②________of them was in good health, but both worked very hard.,All,both,Either,Neither,,三、易混形容詞、副詞辨析 1.alone,lonely alone與lonely意義相近,alone表示“獨自一人”的狀態(tài),而lonely表示“孤單;寂寞”的情緒。 練習:①But the children are not__________. ②She was sitting in the bed __________ when we went to see her. ③So we never feel __________. 2.every,each (1)every和each作形容詞時,都是“每一個”的意思,但實際含義并不完全相同。each著重個別情況,而every則著重整體情況。當我們說each,alone,alone,lonely,,child,each student或each teacher時,我們想到的是一個人的情況。當我們說every child或every student時,我們想到的是全體的情況,every的意思與all接近,表示他們都如此。 (2) each可以用來指兩個或兩個以上的人或物,但every則只能用于指三個或三個以上的數(shù)量,不能指兩個。 練習:①The teacher gave a present to ________ student. ②__________student loves his teacher. ③Two boys entered.________boy was carrying a large box.,each,Every,Each,,3.big, large,great 在談?wù)撐矬w大小的時候,big和large都可以用來表示“大的”。big在口語中使用得較多。great主要修飾抽象的東西,表示在范圍上或程度上比一般的大。在修飾具體事物時常常帶有感情色彩。 練習: ①This box is __________. ②I want a __________ box,this is too small. ③We like China very much.It’s __________! 4.high,tall 都可表示“高”,其區(qū)別:high通常用于物之高,而tall常用于指人的個子及細長之物。(building和,big,large,great,,people用high或tall都可以)。 練習:①He has a__________nose. ②The boys are growing_______and_________. 5.black,dark 都可作形容詞,也可作名詞,其區(qū)別:black的意思是“黑色”(的):指顏色,其反義詞是white;而dark的意思是“暗、天黑、黑暗”,指無光。 練習:①All the windows have been painted_____. ②It is too __________to read here. 6.real,true 都可翻譯為“真的”,其區(qū)別:real的意思是“真的,實在的”,用來表示“客觀存在而不是想象或虛構(gòu),high,taller,taller,black,dark,,的”或“真的而非假造的”。true的意思是“真正的,真實的,確實的,名副其實的”。 練習:①It’s __________that he is married. ②Is that a __________flower? 7.too,also,either 這三個詞作副詞用時,都含有“也”的意思,但用法不同。either只能用于否定句中,一般放在句尾。 練習: ①I’m in Row 1,__________. ②Chinese take away food is _________popular. ③We don’t like the same colours,__________.,true,real,too,also,either,,8.already,yet, still already意為“已經(jīng)”,通常用于陳述句;用于疑問句時表示驚異、懷疑;不用于否定句。yet意為“尚”、“仍然”,常用于否定句和疑問句。still表示“仍然,還”,放于句中。 練習: ①We have__________finished the work. ②Is he__________in the classroom? ③We haven’t finished the work__________. 9.hard,hardly hard作形容詞,意為“艱苦的”,作為副詞,意為“努力地”、“猛烈地”,如:hard work(艱苦的工作),already,still,yet,,work hard(努力工作);hardly不是hard的副詞形式,而是另外一個詞,意為“幾乎不”。用在反意問句中,疑問部分要用肯定句。 練習: ①He works __________. ②He __________ listened to me. 10.ago,before 都可譯為“以前”,其區(qū)別:ago只與過去時連用,ago前通常要有表示時間的詞。before常與現(xiàn)在完成時或過去(完成)時連用。并且,可以當介詞,后面接介詞賓語。,hard,hardly,,練習: ①She saw the film three days __________. ②She said she had seen the film three days __________. 11.late,lately late表示“遲、晚”。lately是“最近、近來”的意思。 練習: ①He always arrives home__________. ②Have you been to the cinema __________? 12.instead,instead of 都可譯為“代替”,其區(qū)別:instead只能單獨使用,常位于句首或句尾。instead of后面要跟名詞、動,ago,before,late,lately,,名詞、代詞、或介詞短語。 練習: ①She is very tired.Let me go__________. ②Shall we have fish __________eggs today? 13.good,well good形容詞,“好的”。well副詞,意為“好地”;作形容詞時是“身體健康的”。well放在動詞之后,表達“健康;妥善”等意思。不能放在名詞之前修飾一般物品。 練習: ① He is a__________player.He can play basketball very__________.,instead,instead of,good,well,,②I’m not feeling__________now.I must see a doctor at once. 14.sometimes, sometime與some time (1)sometimes的意思是“有時,往往,不時地”。 (2)sometime的意思是“某個時候”,可指將來,也可指過去。 (3)some time的意思是“一段時間”,可以是幾分鐘、幾小時、幾天、甚至幾年。 練習: ①Sometimes we are busy and___________we are not. ②We’ll take our holiday__________in May.,well,sometimes,sometime,,③The fire went on for__________ before it was brought under control. 15.so,such so是副詞,意為“如此”,修飾形容詞,如:so fast。such是形容詞,意為“如此”,修飾名詞。如:such a good boy 練習: ①There are__________many clouds in the sky. ②He is__________a bad man that people don’t like him. 16.ill, sick生病的 ill用作“生病的”時,不可以修飾名詞,而sick可以,some time,so,such,,練習: ①This is a______boy.Please take a seat for him. ②He has been__________in bed for 2 days. 17.asleep, sleepy, sleep (1)asleep形容詞,“睡著的”。常用詞組:fall asleep(入睡) (2)sleepy形容詞,“想睡的,困倦的”。常用詞組:be sleepy (3)sleep動詞,“睡覺”。常用詞組:go to sleep(睡覺) 練習: ①He was so_______that he fell________easily. ②I have to__________by 10 at home.,sick,Ill/sick,sleepy,asleep,sleep,,18.awake,wake (1)awake形容詞,“醒著的”。常用詞組:be awake(醒著的) (2)wake動詞,“醒來”。常用詞組:wake up(醒來) 練習:①Don’t________me up.I want to sleep late. ②He is ____now.Let him answer the telephone. 19.die, dead, death, dying (1)die動詞,“死”。(2)dead形容詞,“死的”。(3)death名詞,“死”。(4)dying形容詞,“將死的”。 練習:①The dog has______.It has been_______ for an hour.,wake,awake,died,dead,,②His __________made us sad. ③The bird is __________.Let’s try to save it. 20.interesting, interested, interest (1)interesting形容詞,“有趣的”, 常用來形容物。 (2)interested形容詞,“感到有趣的”,常用來形容人的感覺。常用詞組:be interested in(對……感興趣) (3)interest名詞,“興趣,愛好”。動詞,“使某人感興趣”。 練習:①The film seems_____________.It ________me.I want to see it tomorrow. ②My brother has many_______.He is _______ in basketball most.,death,dying,interesting,interests,interests,interested,,21.pleased, pleasant, pleasure (1)pleased形容詞,“感到高興的”。常用詞組:be pleased with(對……感到高興) (2)pleasant形容詞,“令人愉快的”。a pleasant holiday(一個愉快的假期) (3)pleasure名詞,“愉快”。常用詞組:with pleasure(十分樂意) 練習: ①The news __________ all of us.We’re all__________with it. ②—Can you help me?—With __________. ③—Thank you for your dinner!—It’s my ______.,pleases,pleased,pleasure,pleasure,,22.surprise, surprised, surprising (1)surprise作名詞時,表“驚奇”。常用詞組:in surprise驚奇地(放句末;to one’s surprise使某人驚奇的是……。作動詞時表“使……驚奇”)。 (2)surprised形容詞,“感到驚奇的”。常用詞組:be surprised at sth./be surprised to do sth. (3)surprising形容詞,“令人驚奇的”。 練習:①He looked at me in __________.=He is __________ to look at me. ②To my __________,he failed in this contest. ③What __________news! He was still alive.The news __________us.,surprise,surprised,surprise,surprising,surprised,,23.much too, too much, too many (1)much too+形容詞、副詞原級;表示“非常,極其,太……”。 (2)too much+不可數(shù)名詞;表示“太多”。 (3)too many+名詞復(fù)數(shù);表示“太多”。 練習: ①There is __________rain in HuBei this summer so that __________ people are in trouble of flood. ②There was __________noise in the hall. ③The little girl has to practise the piano every day.She is __________tired of it sometimes.,too much,too many,too much,much too,,24.how often, how long, how soon, how far (1)how often表示頻率。指間隔有多久,通常用一般現(xiàn)在時。常用once,twice,three times, often, usually,always, never等回答。 (2)how long表示持續(xù)多久。通常用表示一段時間的時間狀語或“for+一段時間”,“since+時間點”等來回答。 (3)how soon表示“還要多久”,通常用一般將來時,用“in+一段時間”來回答。 (4)how far表示距離有多遠。通常用“kilometer(s), mile(s),”或“five minutes’ walk”等來回答。,,練習:①—__________ can the model plane fly? —About ten meters. ②—__________ have you been in Zhongshan? —For three years. ③—__________ do you call your parents? —Once a week. ④—__________ will your uncle arrive at the airport?—In an hour. ⑤—__________ will you stay in Shanghai? —About a week. ⑥—__________ is it from your home to the school? —It’s only one kilometer./It’s only five minutes’ walk.,How far,How long,How often,How soon,How long,How far,,四、易混動詞辨析 1.carry,take與bring的區(qū)別 (1)take是指將某物或某人從這里“帶到”或“拿到”某處。 (2)bring與take相反,是指將某物或某人從別處“帶來”或“拿來”。 (3)carry是指隨身攜帶(背著、扛著、提著、抱著),不表明來去的方向。 練習:①Could you _________it to the classroom? ②May I ________ Tom to see you next Monday? ③The box is heavy.Can you __________ it?,take,bring,carry,,2.cross和across的區(qū)別 cross與across都表示“穿過;橫過”的意思。但是cross是及物動詞,across是介詞,across的前面必須還要有謂語動詞。 練習:①When is it safe to__________the road?什么時候過馬路安全? ②Go __________the bridge.You’ll find the museum on the left.走過這座橋,你就會在左邊看到那個博物館。 3.find,look for與find out的區(qū)別 find的意思是“找到”,look for是“尋找”,find out是經(jīng)過調(diào)查“發(fā)現(xiàn)、查明(真相)”。,cross,across,,練習:①I can’t __________the broom. ②He is __________ different places. ③Jane was angry when Lucy __________ her secrets. 4.forget, leave和lose的區(qū)別 三詞都有“忘”、“丟”的意思。其區(qū)別:forget常表示“記不起”、“忘了- 1.請仔細閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對于不預(yù)覽、不比對內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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