高中英語 6.4 Grammar課件 外研版選修8.ppt

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情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法歸納 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說話人對某一動(dòng)作的觀點(diǎn)。如需要、可能、意愿或懷疑等。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞本身詞義不完全，不能單獨(dú)作謂語動(dòng)詞，必須和動(dòng)詞原形連用；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有can (could)，may (might)，must，have to，shall (should)，will (would)，dare (dared)，need (needed)，ought to等。,Period Four Grammar,1．can與could的用法,注意：can與be able to都可以表示能力，在許多情況下可交替使用，但can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)(could)，而be able to則有多種時(shí)態(tài)。,2．may與might的用法,,3.shall和should的用法,4.must和have to的用法,5.will和would的用法,6.need和dare的用法,7.ought to 的用法,8.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋不定式完成式(have done),注意： would，might，could的大致區(qū)別是： would表示結(jié)果，might表示可能性，could表示能力、允許或可能性。比較： If you tried again，you would succeed.要是你再試一試，你就會(huì)成功的。(would表結(jié)果) If you tried again，you might succeed.要是你再試一試，你可能會(huì)成功的。(might表可能) If you tried again，you could succeed.要是你再試一試，你就能成功了。(could表能力),用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空 ①He________have gone home.I saw him in the classroom just now. ②Instead of seeing the sights，Edison________spend the time reading in the public library. ③How I regretted the days when I had played and________have studied! ④Must I finish the work before Friday? No，you________．,⑤The money was soon spent，so he________go hungry. ⑥A man________live on the Moon without a special suit. ⑦They were late.Something ________have happened to them. 答案 ①can't/couldn't ②would/used to ③should ④needn't ⑤had to ⑥can't ⑦must,根據(jù)下列這首英語詩歌，按要求寫一篇短文。 A Poem of an Iraqi Child Mum is tearing. Dad，where did you go? I am scared from heart to soul. Mum and I needed you so much. But what happened? People say that I am too young to know.,詩歌評論,I heard the terrible sound and smelled the smoke. Dad，come back. But what happened? I don't know. Mum and I love you so much. Dad，where did you go? She says you will be back. Mum and I missed you so much. With good news and hope.,【要求與提示】 1．簡述小詩內(nèi)容； 2．簡單談?wù)勀銉?nèi)心的感受； 3．從欣賞的角度談?wù)勀銓@首詩的看法； 4．可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮想像； 5．詞數(shù)：120左右。 _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________,【寫作分析】 第一步：認(rèn)真審題 這篇寫作要求寫一篇詩評，大致可以分為以下幾個(gè)步驟： 1．簡述詩歌的基本內(nèi)容。首先要很好的把握原文主旨，掌握詩歌的靈魂。 2．寫出自己的感受。抓住某一亮點(diǎn)，抒發(fā)自己的情懷。 3．評價(jià)詩歌的意義或作用。這一部分只是稍作點(diǎn)評即可，無需過多發(fā)揮。,第二步：提煉要點(diǎn) 1．be at war 2．suffer a lot from the war 3．to the point 4．long for 5．look forward to 第三步：擴(kuò)點(diǎn)成句 1．伊拉克人正遭受戰(zhàn)爭苦難。 Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war. 2．他們渴望和平。 They are longing for peace.,3．盡管這首詩的描寫簡單直入主題，但是詩歌的含義很豐富。 Although the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich. 4．他們相信勝利屬于他們，并且渴望那一天的到來。 They believe victory will belong to them and they are looking forward to the day.,【品味佳作】 This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.We are shown that Iraq is at war and the boy's father has gone to the battlefield for freedom.Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.They are longing for peace.To a small child war seems meaningless，but Father and family mean much to him.The poem touches me deeply.One obvious meaning of the poem is how much peace means to a country and its people.Although the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.They have to be separated at the moment，but they still have hope in their mind.They believe victory will belong to them and they are looking forward to the day.,【名師點(diǎn)津】 1．詩中以一個(gè)小孩的口吻表明：伊拉克處于戰(zhàn)亂之中，戰(zhàn)爭給伊拉克人民帶來了極大的痛苦。因此，這篇文章首先簡要介紹了這首詩的大意，準(zhǔn)確地把握住了詩歌中所流露出的盼望父親回家，渴望和平的思想情感，文章夾敘夾議，語言流暢，表述清晰，說服力強(qiáng)，很好地完成了本文的寫作目的。文中使用了一些語法結(jié)構(gòu)，如，過去分詞短語作狀語，a poem written by an Iraqi child；還使用了讓步狀語從句，Although the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.使文章銜接自然，句式結(jié)構(gòu)不單調(diào)，使文章富于變化。,2．亮點(diǎn)句式回放： One obvious meaning of the poem is how much peace means to a country and its people.(表語從句) Although the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.(讓步狀語從句),【寫作模板】 This is a poem ____________(詩歌來源)．We are shown that ____________(詩歌的主要內(nèi)容)．They are longing for ______________(詩歌表達(dá)的情感一)．To a small child war seems ____________(詩歌表達(dá)的情感二)，but Father and family mean ____________(詩歌表達(dá)的情感三)．The poem touches me deeply.One obvious meaning of the poem is ____________(評論一)．Although the description is simple and to the point，______________(評論二)．They have to be separated at the moment，but they still have ______________(評論三)．They believe ____________(評論四)．,一、只用that不用which的情況 1．當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，few，much，something， everything，anything，nothing，none等不定代詞時(shí)。 如： Everything that happened then was like a nightmare. I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.,that與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句辨析,當(dāng)先行詞被only，any，few，little，no，all，just，very(恰好的，表示強(qiáng)調(diào))等詞修飾時(shí)。例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait. That‘s the very thing that we can do. 當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。例如： The first place that we visited was the Great Wall. This is the best novel that I have ever read. 被修飾詞為數(shù)詞時(shí)。例如： Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.,2．,3．,4．,主句是There be結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句宜用that作關(guān)系代詞修飾物。例句： There‘s still a room that is free. 先行詞中同時(shí)包括人和物時(shí)。例如： We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered. He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited. 當(dāng)主句中有who，which時(shí)，而定語從句中也要用到who或which時(shí)，為了避免who.who，which.which等重疊，定語從句要用that引導(dǎo)。例如：,5．,6．,7．,Who is the man that is standing by the door? Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 人或物在定語從句中作表語時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，而that通常也可以省略。例如： He is no longer the man that he was. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)。例如： Bamboo is hollow，which makes it light. 當(dāng)關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí)。例如： This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.,8．,二、修飾物時(shí)只用which不用that的情況,1．,2．,在一個(gè)句子中有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中一個(gè)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用了that，另一個(gè)宜用which。例如： Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞后面有插入語時(shí)。例如： Here is the English grammar which，as I have told you，will help improve your English. 先行詞為that時(shí)。例如： The clock is that which can tell us the time. 鐘是報(bào)時(shí)的裝置。,3．,4．,5．,