中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第38講 完形填空課件.ppt
《中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第38講 完形填空課件.ppt》由會(huì)員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關(guān)《中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第38講 完形填空課件.ppt(24頁(yè)珍藏版)》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
英語(yǔ),第38講 完形填空,Think before we speak! It was a sunny and enjoyable day. Everyone in the __1__station was waiting for the train to arrive. Among the crowd, there was a group of young friends who were on board for vacation. It was a __2__ station with a lot of people and some juice shops, coffee and tea stalls, newspaper shops, etc. The train was arriving and everyone prepared to __3__ the train to their seats. The group of friends made loud noise to __4__ the train as it moved into the station. They ran to get their seats __5__ anyone entered the train. The empty seats were __6__ and the train whistled (鳴汽笛) to move. An old man with a young boy aged around 15 had their seats just next to the friends' group. The young boy was so __7__ to see everything. He cheered,“Dad, the train is moving and the things are moving backward.”,His father __8__and nodded his head. As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed (尖叫) , “Dad, the __9__are green in color and run backward very fast. ”His father said,“ Yes, dear,”and smiled. Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great __10__. A fruit seller passed selling apples, bananas and oranges. The young boy asked his dad, “I want to eat __11__.” His father bought some for him. He said, “Oh, this apple looks a lot sweeter than it tastes. I love this color.” The group was watching all the __12__of this boy and asked the boy's father,“Is your son having any problem? Why is he behaving so __13__?”,“His son is mad, I think,” a friend from the group made fun of him and shouted. The father of the young boy, with patience, __14__the friends' group, “My son was born __15__. Only a few days ago he was operated. He is seeing different things in his life for the first time. ” The young friends became very quiet.,( )1.A.railway B.bus C.police D.television ( )2.A.dark B.silent C.busy D.lonely ( )3.A.get off B.get down C.get out D.get into ( )4.A.break B.welcome C.push D.leave ( )5.A.after B.until C.before D.a(chǎn)s ( )6.A.washed B.moved C.filled D.carried ( )7.A.surprised B.a(chǎn)fraid C.sorry D.proud,A,C,D,B,C,C,A,( )8.A.shouted B.smiled C.cried D.refused ( )9.A.skies B.trees C.rivers D.houses ( )10.A.interest B.doubt C.courage D.sadness ( )11.A.apples B.bananas C.oranges D.strawberries ( )12.A.fruits B.words C.clothes D.a(chǎn)ctivities ( )13.A.happily B.differently C.quietly D.quickly ( )14.A.quarreled with B.waited for C.replied to D.pointed at ( )15.A.normal B.deaf C.mad D.blind,B,B,A,A,D,B,C,D,?“完形填空”題是一種旨在考查學(xué)生語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)綜合運(yùn)用能力的典型題型。它結(jié)合了單項(xiàng)選擇題和短文填空的優(yōu)點(diǎn),既考查了詞語(yǔ)搭配、近義詞辨析、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等,又考查了邏輯推理和事理推斷能力。同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基本功、較好的閱讀能力及歸納判斷能力,才能適應(yīng)這一題型。 (一)“完形填空”題要求填入的詞: 1.語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞。如:連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞等。 2.具有語(yǔ)法變化的普通詞。如:動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣,名詞的數(shù),代詞的格,形容詞和副詞的等級(jí)等。 3.固定搭配短語(yǔ)或詞組中的特定詞。 4.同義詞、近義詞等易混淆詞。 5.根據(jù)上下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必須填入的確定詞。 (二)“完形填空”題解題策略:,1.解題前要通讀全文,領(lǐng)悟大意。 完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出現(xiàn),因此,通讀全文,把握文章整體大意尤為重要。很多同學(xué)為了省時(shí)間,只看選項(xiàng),不看文章。不看上下文,不尋找文章中句子與句子的關(guān)系,結(jié)果做出來(lái)的答案往往是錯(cuò)誤的。 2.解題時(shí)要全面考慮,確定選項(xiàng)。 完形填空有些答案的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)從詞匯搭配、語(yǔ)法和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等角度考慮均行得通,但由于文章是一個(gè)完整的統(tǒng)一體,詞、句、段三者存在著內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系,因此考生還要從上下文中尋找有關(guān)的信息,對(duì)文章的情節(jié)進(jìn)行邏輯推理,抓住含有關(guān)鍵信息的詞語(yǔ),理順句子之間的關(guān)系,從而確定正確的答案。其具體做法有: ?重視首句,尋求信息 完形填空本是一篇?dú)埲钡奈恼拢粝率拙淇梢詭椭忌私馕恼碌闹黝},可以了解短文的概貌與作者的意圖。要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用,利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口,從而展開思維。,【例1】 At my primary school,I was one of the smartest kids there.I never ________,but always got near prefect scores on all my tests.(2016,廈門,29) A.forgot B.studied C.regretted 解析:首句句意為“在上小學(xué)時(shí),我是最聰明的孩子之一?!庇纱丝芍?,下句應(yīng)為“我從不學(xué)習(xí),但在考試中幾乎都得滿分?!惫蔅項(xiàng)正確。,B,Ms. Tu went through about 40 failures before she succeeded.But she never __2__ and always fought on.(2016,達(dá)州,40) ( )2.A.ate up B.gave up C.took up D.made up,B,?巧用平行結(jié)構(gòu),判斷邏輯 平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似、意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)、語(yǔ)氣一致的句子或短語(yǔ)組成串排列的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象。平行結(jié)構(gòu)形式上整齊勻稱,內(nèi)容上聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度,利用其意義上的關(guān)聯(lián)和對(duì)比這一特點(diǎn)來(lái)設(shè)題。了解這一點(diǎn)可大大提高解題效率。 【例3】All the family members were ________ and helpful,and they made me feel at home at once.(2016,隨州,51) A.serious B.friendly C.famous D.expensive 解析:該題中第一個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)形容詞,與helpful構(gòu)成平行結(jié)構(gòu)的單詞應(yīng)為friendly。句意為“所有的家庭成員都友善且樂(lè)于助人。他們馬上讓我覺(jué)得如身處家中?!惫蔅項(xiàng)正確。,B,Finally,I stopped in the air.I spread my arms wide,laughing loudly and __3__.The workers pulled me up,smiling at me.(2015,長(zhǎng)沙,40) ( )3.A.sadly B.a(chǎn)ngrily C.proudly I was so thankful that she no longer had aches and __4__.(2015,寧波,27) ( )4.A.gifts B.pains C.dialogs D.mistakes,C,B,?結(jié)合常識(shí),明辨真?zhèn)?結(jié)合各類生活常識(shí)和科學(xué)常識(shí),選擇出正確且符合邏輯的選擇。對(duì)于這類題,考生平時(shí)要做生活中的有心人,留心各種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,積累豐富的生活知識(shí)。 【例4】 We can't force life to follow our wishes.The earth won't ________ turning whether we accept it or not. A.stop B.keep C.start 解析:句意為“我們不能強(qiáng)迫生活遵循我們的愿望。無(wú)論我們是否接受,地球都不會(huì)停止轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)?!惫蔄項(xiàng)正確。,A,It read “Dear Marie,I love you always.Miss you a lot.Don't forget me.Be __5__!Love,Mom.” That day,I cried.(2015,寧波,30) ( )5.A.serious B.happy C.patient D.strict,B,?熟練語(yǔ)法和固定搭配,輕松解題 對(duì)語(yǔ)法、固定搭配等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的考查也是完形填空的命題角度之一。對(duì)于這種題,考生除了要注意平時(shí)的積累外,還要針對(duì)語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)、句式特點(diǎn)、短文設(shè)空中需填的詞在句中作什么成分、哪類詞適合、應(yīng)采取什么形式等進(jìn)行分析,從而解決問(wèn)題。 【例5】A month after he was born,his mother noticed that his eyes weren't as ________ as a normal baby's.(2016,孝感,36) A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 解析:考查形容詞的等級(jí)及用法。此處是“as+adj./adv.+as.”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“和……一樣”,其中adj.和adv.都用原級(jí)。故A項(xiàng)正確。,A,Last week,students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week very successful. There __6__ a lot of activities including an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt.(2015,沈陽(yáng),16) ( )6.A.are B.were C.is D.was,B,?多方推斷,尋求線索 完形填空所提供的是一篇具有完整意義的短文,其段與段、句與句、甚至詞與詞之間都有不可分割的、千絲萬(wàn)縷的聯(lián)系。因此考生在做題時(shí)不要只注意設(shè)空處所在的短句子或段落,還要善于從上下文中尋找相關(guān)的提示信息??忌衫谜蛲茢喾ā⒛嫦蛲茢喾ê驼嫦蚵?lián)合推斷法尋找相關(guān)信息。 ·正向推斷法要求考生利用已知信息推斷下文未知信息,當(dāng)然這里所指的信息包括設(shè)空處近處或遠(yuǎn)處的信息??忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀并分析上下文內(nèi)容,弄清事實(shí),并思考下文的發(fā)展方向,從而推斷下文的未知信息。 ·逆向推斷法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推斷上文未知信息。當(dāng)利用上文已知信息無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確推斷下文未知信息時(shí),不能著急,應(yīng)沉著冷靜地閱讀下文,看下文哪些事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)是上文未知信息的延伸和發(fā)展,并由此推斷出空格處的未知信息。 ·在有些情況下,空格處未知信息既不能單獨(dú)由上文已知信息正向推斷而出,也不能單獨(dú)由下文反向推斷而出,而需要考生利用其上下文已知信息聯(lián)合推斷而出??忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真閱讀并分析上下文,看哪些細(xì)節(jié)或事實(shí)與空格處有聯(lián)系,并由此推斷出空格處的未知信息。,?正向推斷法 【例6】 As children they were never bored because there was always ________ to do on the farm.(2016,綿陽(yáng),22) A.nothing B.everything C.something D.a(chǎn)nything 解析:由句中“they were never bored”可知,因?yàn)樵谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)總有一些事可做。故C項(xiàng)正確。,C,The fire burnt Noah's neck,arms and faces.As a result,he was __7__ for a month.(2016,綿陽(yáng),33) ( )7.A.on vacation B.a(chǎn)t home C.in hospital D.a(chǎn)t work It seemed that the storm meant nothing to her.She sat on her seat reading a book.Sometimes she closed her eyes,then she would read again,with no __8__ or fear in her eyes.(2015,河南,40) ( )8.A.pride B.worry C.a(chǎn)nger D.regret,C,B,?逆向推斷法 【例7】 It was a sunny and enjoyable day.Everyone in the ________ station was waiting for the train to arrive.(2016,寧波,16) A.railway B.bus C.police D.television 解析:由下文中“waiting for the train to arrive”可知大家都在火車站。故A項(xiàng)正確。,A,It was a Sunday morning,and I was in a __9__ mood (情緒).Two of my friends had gone to the movies the night before and didn't invite me.(2015,山西,31) ( )9.A.good B.terrible C.peaceful He raised a glass of water and asked them,“How __10__ do you think this glass of water is?”.Their answers are different,from 20g to 500g.(2015,河北,41) ( )10.A.heavy B.full C.much D.long,B,A,?正逆向聯(lián)合推斷法 【例8】 Just then a young man jumped out of a car and asked if I was Jenny.Then we ________ to the bungee jumping place.I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car.(2015,長(zhǎng)沙,34) A.walked B.ran C.drove 解析:由上句中的“out of a car”以及下句“I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car.(透過(guò)車窗,我被路邊的景色驚呆了)”可知,我們是開車去的。故C項(xiàng)正確。,C,A man feared his wife wasn't hearing as well as she used to and he thought she might need some hearing aid (助聽).Not quite sure how to __11__ her,he called the family doctor to discuss the problem.(2016,河南,36) ( )11.A.save B.help C.face D.guide Do you ever watch old movies?Maybe you will see one with Carole Lombard.She was a famous __12__ in the 1930s.She died when she was only 34.In her short life she made 70 movies.(2015,天津,41) ( )12.A.nurse B.a(chǎn)ctress C.doctor D.teacher,B,B,?復(fù)讀全文,檢驗(yàn)答案 把填充后的短文反復(fù)閱讀一兩遍,逐一檢查、校對(duì)所選答案是否符合短文中心思想及上下文要求,并確保沒(méi)有不符合語(yǔ)言規(guī)范、不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的選項(xiàng)。 很多同學(xué)做完形填空題存在一個(gè)誤區(qū),把很多的時(shí)間放到四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的比較上,這會(huì)降低解題效率。正確做法應(yīng)是: ①順藤摸瓜,首先是藤,你拿到文章之后要重點(diǎn)讀第一句。 ②瞻前顧后,在文章空格的上下文處,你覺(jué)得這個(gè)地方需要什么詞,帶著這個(gè)目的在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)里找。 ③顧全大局,做一道題時(shí)應(yīng)該在段落里面理解一句話。 ④認(rèn)清細(xì)節(jié),比如考固定搭配的題。 總之要想成功突破完形填空必須做到:研讀首尾,抓主題;上下聯(lián)系,尋信息;左顧右盼,找搭配;思前想后,覓邏輯;語(yǔ)境分析,辨詞義;回讀檢查,補(bǔ)漏洞。,- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題本站不予受理。
- 2.下載的文檔,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)我們的網(wǎng)址水印。
- 3、該文檔所得收入(下載+內(nèi)容+預(yù)覽)歸上傳者、原創(chuàng)作者;如果您是本文檔原作者,請(qǐng)點(diǎn)此認(rèn)領(lǐng)!既往收益都?xì)w您。
下載文檔到電腦,查找使用更方便
9.9 積分
下載 |
- 配套講稿:
如PPT文件的首頁(yè)顯示word圖標(biāo),表示該P(yáng)PT已包含配套word講稿。雙擊word圖標(biāo)可打開word文檔。
- 特殊限制:
部分文檔作品中含有的國(guó)旗、國(guó)徽等圖片,僅作為作品整體效果示例展示,禁止商用。設(shè)計(jì)者僅對(duì)作品中獨(dú)創(chuàng)性部分享有著作權(quán)。
- 關(guān) 鍵 詞:
- 中考英語(yǔ) 第三部分 中考題型探究 第38講 完形填空課件 中考 英語(yǔ) 第三 部分 題型 探究 38 填空 課件
鏈接地址:http://italysoccerbets.com/p-1831525.html