1856_360對(duì)輥式壓塊機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)

1856_360對(duì)輥式壓塊機(jī)設(shè)計(jì),_360,對(duì)于,輥式壓塊機(jī),設(shè)計(jì) 黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）1畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)文獻(xiàn)翻譯院 （ 系 ） 名 稱(chēng) 工 學(xué) 院 機(jī) 械 系專(zhuān) 業(yè) 名 稱(chēng) 機(jī) 械 設(shè) 計(jì) 制 造 及 其 自 動(dòng) 化學(xué) 生 姓 名 張 國(guó) 輝指 導(dǎo) 教 師 康 宏 偉2012 年 03 月 8 日黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）2壓塊機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)組成及其應(yīng)用前景Bergendahl一臺(tái)對(duì)輥成型機(jī)可以分成以下幾個(gè)部件,安 全 聯(lián) 軸 器 ， 壓輥、軸承、用于支承壓輥的系統(tǒng)、給料系統(tǒng)、承壓支架、傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)、潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)及液壓施壓系統(tǒng),機(jī) 架 。圖 3 是一臺(tái)典型的對(duì)輥成型機(jī)的水平剖面圖。兩個(gè)壓輥支承在可自動(dòng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)的球面滾柱軸承上, 而該軸承安裝在機(jī)架上。傳動(dòng)齒輪通過(guò)安全聯(lián)軸器與齒輪減速器的輸人軸相連。通過(guò)齒輪減速器 電機(jī)速度被降到高壓輥的速度。在齒輪加速器中，兩個(gè)斜齒輪與兩個(gè)輸出軸同步。壓輥與帶有牙嵌式齒輪聯(lián)軸器的雙輸出軸齒輪減速器相連。壓輥的上表面（圖 3 中看不到）安裝著給料系統(tǒng)。沒(méi)有表示出來(lái)的還有提供給主要齒輪的潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)裝置，支架上的齒輪箱的滑斷面，聯(lián)軸器以及使壓輥在一起的液壓系統(tǒng)的施壓裝置。圖 3 一個(gè)典型的機(jī)器輥部分黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）31. 安 全 聯(lián) 軸 器成 型 機(jī) 工 作 時(shí) , 物 料 ( 粉 煤 ) 不 可 避 免 地 帶 有 小 件 鐵 器 等 堅(jiān)硬 物 進(jìn) 入 輥 輪 嚙 合 區(qū) 而 阻 止 輥 輪 的 轉(zhuǎn) 動(dòng) 。 在 這 種 情 況 下 , 為 了 確保 成 型 機(jī) 輥 輪 安 全 正 常 工 作 , 活 動(dòng) 對(duì) 輥 組 件 必 須 具 有 一 定 距 離 的平 移 退 讓 功 能 , 并 能 在 嚴(yán) 重 過(guò) 載 情 況 下 , 聯(lián) 軸 器 能 脫 開(kāi) 傳 動(dòng) 。 所以 設(shè) 計(jì) 的 聯(lián) 軸 器 應(yīng) 具 有 適 應(yīng) 這 種 退 讓 和 安 全 保 護(hù) 的 功 能 。 本 設(shè) 計(jì)采 用 雙 摩 擦 滾 子 式 安 全 聯(lián) 軸 器 , 它 兼 有 “滾 子 ” 摩 擦 離 合 器 ”和 “的 功 能 , 即 利 用 滾 子 鏈 傳 動(dòng) , 滿(mǎn) 足 成 型 機(jī) 活 動(dòng) 對(duì) 輥 組 件 軸 承座 較 大 “可 移 式 ”的 退 讓 要 求 ; 利 用 摩 擦 片 傳 動(dòng) , 設(shè) 置 過(guò) 載 保 護(hù) 。本 安 全 聯(lián) 軸 器 還 具 有 安 裝 方 便 、 調(diào) 整 和 維 護(hù) 簡(jiǎn) 便 、 工 作 可 靠 、 壽命 長(zhǎng) 、 不 受 環(huán) 境 因 素 影 響 等 特 點(diǎn) 。圖 4 凸緣聯(lián)軸器2. 壓輥對(duì)輥成型機(jī)的最主要部分是壓輥本身。不同的設(shè)計(jì)方案均是可以的。首先, 壓輥由具有堅(jiān)工作表面的堅(jiān)固的鍛造件制成。表面堅(jiān)硬可使之適于選擇各種表黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）4面結(jié)構(gòu)用于生產(chǎn)高強(qiáng)度的餅。另外一種方式是,壓輥的輥芯可能是可更換的。這樣, 對(duì)輥本身易于進(jìn)行水冷。這種輥環(huán)的工作表面通常被加工成淺的球窩。最新設(shè)計(jì)的成型機(jī)采用了這種方式。因?yàn)? 通常由于給料的溫度較高, 為了避免在物料表面發(fā)生“ 熔融” , 或當(dāng)傳導(dǎo)給壓輥的溫度必須降下來(lái)以確保軸承低溫工作時(shí), 必須使輥環(huán)的表面得到冷卻。堅(jiān)硬的壓輥的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它可以取代簡(jiǎn)單的機(jī)器部件。當(dāng)壓輥表面嚴(yán)重磨損后, 可以在外徑規(guī)的范圍內(nèi)對(duì)表面進(jìn)行重新焊接 這樣可使設(shè)備始終保持高效運(yùn)行。當(dāng)然, 使用經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)處理的部件可以確保由于人料傳給的熱而不致于使壓輥過(guò)熱。使用內(nèi)表面具有冷卻系統(tǒng)的熱套套筒（ 圖 4） 將更經(jīng)濟(jì), 并要求使用更清潔的冷卻水。為了避免與輥芯接觸的處理不當(dāng)?shù)乃畬?duì)壓輥的腐蝕, 用一個(gè)冷卻裝置使冷卻水系統(tǒng)封閉起來(lái)是合適的。大多數(shù)設(shè)備采用的是淺的長(zhǎng)方形的可以搖動(dòng)的鐵箱, 以便于空氣的排出和確保料餅具有高而均勻的密度和強(qiáng)度。根據(jù)圖 , 設(shè)備中選用齒輪聯(lián)軸器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是易于脫開(kāi)。在左邊, 在壓輥中心線(xiàn)的上邊所示的是聯(lián)軸器的一半已被移到左邊, 而壓輥被很容易的脫開(kāi)的情景（也可看支架的剖視圖） 。圖 4 具有熱套筒和冷卻系統(tǒng)的壓塊機(jī)壓輥的剖面圖3.軸承（壓輥的支撐裝置）在現(xiàn)代大型的壓塊機(jī)中, 壓輥安裝在高效而體積小的、能自校準(zhǔn)的球面滾柱軸承上。這樣, 尤其在采用寬的壓輥時(shí), 可移動(dòng)的壓輥能隨給料的不均勻程度和給料的厚度（ 多少）自由調(diào)整。為確保壓塊機(jī)更安全地工作, 正確選用適當(dāng)?shù)妮S承是至關(guān)重要的。最重要的考慮因素包括軸承的設(shè)計(jì)以及密封、冷卻和潤(rùn)滑。在軸承套內(nèi)軸承的受力及黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）5分布必須為最優(yōu)。這就要求進(jìn)行精確的計(jì)算。就象 Koppern 公司提供的最新型的壓塊機(jī)中, 軸承套的實(shí)際變形是采用有限元方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)計(jì)算后得出的。進(jìn)行這些計(jì)算的目的是為了使軸承套的變形量與軸承負(fù)荷的理論分布相一致（圖 5） 。圖 5 能自校準(zhǔn)的球面滾柱軸承負(fù)載分布圖如果需要的話(huà), 冷卻系統(tǒng)將確保軸承低溫工作,并能改善潤(rùn)滑效果, 潤(rùn)滑脂低溫工作還能確保軸承在軸承套內(nèi)具有良好的密封性能。較高的負(fù)荷、低速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的軸承要求采用特殊潤(rùn)滑脂, 它具有大約高達(dá) 10-3/m2 的粘度, 并加了一定的添加劑。4. 給料系統(tǒng)給料系統(tǒng)位于壓塊機(jī)支架正對(duì)著壓輥輥隙的上邊。在給料為細(xì)粒和 或需要較大產(chǎn)量以及一些其它的特殊原因, 簡(jiǎn)單的重力給料滑槽可能不被采用, 在這些情況下, 螺旋給料是必須的。由于螺旋給料的特征是在螺距的中心及邊緣的給料量是不一樣的及螺距的幾何尺寸與輥隙面積的尺寸不同, 所采用的螺距的直徑受到限制。為使壓輥機(jī)沿輥寬得到均勻的給料分布, 采用了多螺旋給料機(jī)。例如, 一臺(tái)生產(chǎn)能力為 80100t/h 的壓塊機(jī), 要求其單輥的工作寬度在于 10001200mm之間, 這樣就要求安裝多螺旋給料機(jī)。螺旋成一定角度安裝在給料中心的兩邊, 在重力的作用下,物料進(jìn)人給料機(jī), 通過(guò)螺旋的螺距向下輸送, 迫使物料直接進(jìn)人壓輥間的輥隙（ 圖 6）黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）6圖 6 螺旋給料機(jī)的示意圖特別是在細(xì)粒物料壓實(shí)過(guò)程中, 物料中空氣的排出對(duì)于壓塊機(jī)的高效工作起著重要的作用,例如, 在鉀鹽的壓塊中, 散料的密度大約為 1g/cm3， ，而料餅的密度大約為 2 g/cm3,，如果產(chǎn)量為 100t/h，那么大約有 50m3/h 的空氣被排出, 這么大量的空氣必須能通過(guò)散料中的孔隙排出。由于散料中孔隙隨壓實(shí)過(guò)程而變小,因此, 這種物料的壓塊將變得更困難。在壓輥輥隙間壓實(shí)成塊，由于物料緊緊地填滿(mǎn)了壓輥，向下移動(dòng)的物料中的空氣必須逆著物流向上溢出，如果不是這樣, 機(jī)器的顫動(dòng)將導(dǎo)致機(jī)器設(shè)備的損。因此, 在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)必須實(shí)現(xiàn)（1）允許空氣從給料器低部和輥面間排出：（2） 保證兩邊和壓輥的肩角的縫隙（ 圖 7 ） 。圖 7 壓塊機(jī)中空氣的溢出研究表明, 如果輥寬不超過(guò) 500 一 600mm , 空氣僅僅能有效地從兩邊溢出, 這樣輥寬的極限也總是取決于散料的顆粒粒度分布或散料的透氣性。隨著輥寬的增大, 空氣可能被迫夾在輥隙間的物料中不能逸出而導(dǎo)致壓塊機(jī)負(fù)荷的進(jìn)一步增加。為避免出現(xiàn)這一問(wèn)題,對(duì)總寬度 1000 一 1200mm 的壓塊機(jī), 其總的工作寬度將被分成 2 個(gè) 500 一 600mm 的兩部分 ,每一部分設(shè)置兩個(gè)螺旋。為了使空氣能夠溢出, 所有 臺(tái)螺旋是相同的( 見(jiàn)圖 4 ) , 為了滿(mǎn)足各種不同給料速度和設(shè)備生產(chǎn)能力的要求, 螺旋的速度必須能被分別調(diào)整。5.承壓支架黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）7在設(shè)計(jì)壓塊機(jī)的承壓支架時(shí), 必須使之能夠承受壓輥傳來(lái)的高壓和支承給料系統(tǒng), 通常采用雙支架。所謂的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)支架要求維修方便 , 比如, 由于磨損或者檢修時(shí)必須將壓輥移開(kāi)。不僅如此, 像 Koppern 公司又發(fā)展了一種“ 鉸接” 支架( 圖 8 ) , 這種支架易于移開(kāi)或更換壓輥。支架垂直部分的底端與水平部分的上面相連, 而垂直支架可以通過(guò)鉸接處放下, 在移開(kāi)一部分壓輥附件和浮輥端的液壓箱, 以及斷開(kāi)齒輪連軸器、潤(rùn)滑脂的管路、冷卻水的連接系統(tǒng)之后, 壓輥可以被拉出到一個(gè)易于用橋式吊車(chē)吊起的地方。如果使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的支架, 更換一次壓輥可能化費(fèi)一周的時(shí)間,而使用鉸接式支架, 可能只需要 1 一 2 個(gè)班即可。為了使維修工作更方便, 設(shè)計(jì)中采用了一個(gè)壓輥移開(kāi)裝置和一個(gè)提升橫桿, 二者均與壓輥的軸承箱相連。圖 8 鉸鏈?zhǔn)街Ъ艿氖疽鈭D6.驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪系壓輥機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)齒輪系由兩個(gè)大型齒輪聯(lián)軸器, 包括同步斜齒輪在內(nèi)的減速器齒輪, 和在電機(jī)與齒輪箱輸人軸間的一個(gè)安全聯(lián)軸器組成。通常, 安全聯(lián)軸器是一個(gè)能自動(dòng)復(fù)位的機(jī)構(gòu), 它可以在通常工作時(shí)驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩的 1.71.9 倍范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整。減速齒輪包括兩部分：減速器和同步轉(zhuǎn)矩分配齒輪, 一般情況下, 減速器的安全系數(shù)為 , 而同步轉(zhuǎn)矩分配齒輪的安全系數(shù)為 2。大型齒輪減速器裝有油冷卻和過(guò)濾裝置, 以確保設(shè)備能連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。最主要的是, 同步齒輪和齒輪聯(lián)軸器的連接保證了提供給壓輥完全均勻的線(xiàn)速度。僅僅在沒(méi)有剪切力作用的情況下設(shè)備才能獲得較高的產(chǎn)量。7. 潤(rùn)滑一個(gè)連續(xù)潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)能提供給主要齒輪和浮輥的滑面一種連續(xù)的、可靠的特殊潤(rùn)滑脂。為確保有效地工作, 潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)被監(jiān)控。大型機(jī)器往往也總是具有對(duì)齒輪聯(lián)軸器的自動(dòng)潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng), 這樣可使設(shè)備長(zhǎng)期連續(xù)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)而不必停車(chē)進(jìn)行潤(rùn)滑維修。黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）88. 液壓施壓系統(tǒng)液壓施壓系統(tǒng)用于提供給液壓箱壓力，改壓力迫使輥向被壓實(shí)的物料和固定輥靠近。為滿(mǎn)足特殊的工作需要，壓力的高低和大小可自由調(diào)整。壓力的梯度隨間距的變化而升高, 通過(guò)改變液壓儲(chǔ)能器中氮的分壓可以在很大范圍內(nèi)調(diào)整壓力的梯度。在物料被壓人壓輥的間隙時(shí)液壓系統(tǒng)也用作安全裝置。一臺(tái)電控系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控它的功能。9. 機(jī) 架為 了 改 進(jìn) 老 式 對(duì) 輥 成 型 機(jī) 低 速 重 載 、 剛 性 不 足 的 毛 病 , 本 設(shè) 計(jì) 采 用 分別 由 左 、 上 、 右 、 下 四 個(gè) 端 架 組 成 的 機(jī) 架 結(jié) 構(gòu) , 各 端 架 間 用 銷(xiāo) 軸 連 接 ,使 機(jī) 架 制 作 簡(jiǎn) 便 、 拆 裝 方 便 , 而 且 機(jī) 架 的 承 載 能 力 強(qiáng) , 滿(mǎn) 足 了 大 型 對(duì) 輥 成型 機(jī) 的 工 作 要 求 。10. 應(yīng) 用 前 景GXM 600/ 45 型 對(duì) 輥 式 工 業(yè) 型 煤 成 型 機(jī) 的 研 制 成 功 , 為 工 業(yè) 型 煤 走 向規(guī) 模 生 產(chǎn) 提 供 了 可 靠 的 設(shè) 備 , 本 機(jī) 可 面 向 年 產(chǎn) 10 萬(wàn) t 的 工 業(yè) 型 煤 廠 , 可 作 為 加 工 鍋 爐 型 煤 和 氣 化 型 煤 的 主 機(jī) 。 在 我 國(guó) 利 用 粉 煤 生 產(chǎn) 型 煤 具 有 較 高的 節(jié) 能 、 環(huán) 保 和 社 會(huì) 效 益 , 并 越 來(lái) 越 受 到 人 們 的 重 視 , 其 產(chǎn) 量 也 將 不 斷 增加 。 由 此 可 見(jiàn) , GXM 600/ 45 型 對(duì) 輥 式 工 業(yè) 型 煤 成 型 機(jī) 也 將 具 有 廣 闊 的 應(yīng)用 前 景 。 為 了 改 進(jìn) 老 式 對(duì) 輥 成 型 機(jī) 低 速 重 載 、 剛 性 不 足 的 毛 病 , 本 設(shè) 計(jì) 采用 分 別 由 左 、 上 、 右 、 下 四 個(gè) 端 架 組 成 的 機(jī) 架 結(jié) 構(gòu) , 各 端 架 間 用 銷(xiāo) 軸 連接 ,使 機(jī) 架 制 作 簡(jiǎn) 便 、 拆 裝 方 便 , 而 且 機(jī) 架 的 承 載 能 力 強(qiáng) , 滿(mǎn) 足 了 大 型 對(duì) 輥成 型 機(jī) 的 工 作 要 求 。黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）9Press block machine structure and its application prospectBergendahlA roll forming machine can be divided into several parts, safe coupling ，pressure roller, bearings, used to support pressure roller system, feeding system, the pressure bracket, the transmission system, lubrication system and hydraulic put pressure on the system，frame.Fig 2 Horizontal profile of a typical roll forming machine. Two pressure rollers supported on the automatic alignment of the spherical roller bearings, the bearings installed in the rack. The drive gear through the safety coupling with gear reducer input shaft. By the gear reducer motor speed is reduced to the speed of the pressure roller. Gear accelerator, the synchronization of the two helical gear and output shaft. Pressure roller and connected to double output shaft gear reducer with a the Jaw gear couplings. The pressure roller surface (Figure 3 can not see) the feeding system is installed. Did not indicate there to the main gear lubrication system device, the sliding section of bracket on the gearbox, coupling, and the pressure roller with hydraulic pressure from the device. Fig3 Atypical of the machines to roller section黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）101. Safe coupling Molding machine work, material (adding) do not avoid zone ，A small iron and hard thing into the roller gear area and prevent roller the rotation of the wheels. In this case, in order to ensure that the molding machine the roller security work, the activities of the component must have a certain distance .The concessions from the translation of the function, and in serious cases can overload, united the open transmission shaft can take off. So the coupling design should have comfortable should this concession and safety protection function. This design USES the double friction roller type safe coupling, it with roller friction clutch and function, namely, use rolling the son chain, meet the molding machine activities on roller bearing a component big will move a type concession request; Use of friction transmission, setting overload protection. This safe coupling also has easy installation, adjustment and convenient maintenance, reliable working, long service life, not affected by environmental factors influence characteristics. Fig4 Flange coupling2. Pressure rollerThe most important part of the roll forming machine is the pressure roller itself. 黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）11The different designs are possible. First of all, the pressure roller has Caine work the surface of solid forgings made. The hard surface allows suitable to choose a variety of surface structures for the production of high strength of the cake. Another way, the pressure roller of the roller core may be replaced. In this way, the roll itself is easy to be water cooled. The work surface of the roll ring is usually processed into a shallow ball and socket. The latest design of the molding machine used in this way. Conduction to the pressure roller temperature must be down to ensure that the bearings at low temperatures the surface of the roller ring must be cooled, usually due to higher feed temperature, in order to avoid the occurrence in the material surface melt.Fig 3 Profile of a typical roll forming machineThe hard pressure roller advantage is that it can replace the simple machine parts. When the severe wear of the pressure roller surface, within the scope of the regulations in the outer diameter surface of the re-to welding . This will enable the device is always to maintain efficient operation. Of course, the use of pre-processed components can ensure that the people expected to pass the hot and would not make the pressure roller overheating. The inner surface of the heat of the cooling system sleeve (Figure 4) will be more economic use, and require the use of cleaner cooling water. In order to avoid improper handling of water in contact with the roller core corrosion, pressure roller and a cooling device cooling water system closure is appropriate. Most of the equipment used can shake a shallow rectangular metal box, with high and uniform density and strength in order to facilitate the discharge of air 黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）12and ensure that the material bread. Advantages the figure, equipment selection of gear coupling is easy to disengage. Shown on the left, the upper pressure roller centerline is half of the coupling has been moved to the left, the pressure roller is easily torn off and the scene (to see cutaway view of stent).Fig 4 Briquetting machine with thermal sleeve and the cooling system pressure roller profile3. Bearings (pressure roller support device)In modern large-scale briquetting machine, the pressure roller in the efficient and small size, self-calibrated spherical roller bearings. In this way, free to adjust especially in the wide pressure roller, pressure roller with removable feeding uneven and to the material thickness (how much).To ensure that the briquetting machine work more safely, it is crucial to the correct selection of the appropriate bearing. The most important considerations include the design of bearings and seals, cooling and lubrication. Bearing comprising a bearing force and distribution must be optimal. This requires a precise calculation. Come like Koppern latest briquetting machine, the actual deformation of the bearing is carried out detailed calculations using finite element method. The purpose of these calculations is consistent with the deformation of the bearing sleeve and the theoretical distribution of bearing loads (Figure 5).黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）13Fig 5 Self-calibration of spherical roller bearing load distribution mapIf necessary, cooling systems will ensure that the bearings at low temperatures, and can improve lubrication grease at low temperatures but also to ensure that the bearings in the bearing kit has a good sealing performance. High load, low speed bearing using a special grease, it has about as high as 10-3/m2 viscosity, and the addition of certain additives.4. Feeding systemTop of the feeding system in the bracket is facing the pressure briquetting machine roll gap. Feed fine and of or require large production, and some other special reason, a simple gravity feed chute may not be adopted in these cases, the screw feeder is a must. The diameter of the pitch characteristics of the screw feeder is in the center of the pitch and the edge of the feeding is not the same and the pitch of different geometric dimensions and the size of the roll gap area is restricted.To make the pressure roller machine uniform feed distribution along the roll width, using a multi-screw feeder. For example, a production capacity of 80 100t / h briquetting machine, single roller width is between 1000 1200mm, this requires the installation of multi-screw feeder. Spiral into a certain angle installed on both sides of the feeding center, under the action of gravity, the material into the feeder, conveying spiral pitch down, forcing the material directly into the pressure nip between the roll (Figure 6)黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）14Fig 6 Spiral to the schematic of the feederIn particular, fine-grained material in the compaction process, the materials in the air discharge plays an important role for the efficient work of the briquetting machine, for example, in the briquetting of the potassium salt, the density of the bulk material is about as 1g/cm3material the density of the cake is about 2 g/cm3, if the output of 100t / h, then approximately 50m3 / h air is discharged, so a lot of air through the pores of the bulk compound excreted. As the bulk compound pores become smaller with the compaction process, therefore, a tablet of this material will become more difficult.Pressure roll roll band to band compacted into blocks, because the material tightly fill the pressure roller, moving down the material in the air must be going against the logistics up the overflow, if not the quiver of the machine will result in the loss of machinery and equipment. Therefore, the design must implement (1) allow air discharged from the lower part of the feeder between the roll surface: (2) to ensure that the gap on both sides and the pressure roller shoulder angle (Figure 7).Fig 7 The escape of air in the briquetting machineStudies have shown that if roller width 600mm, over 500 air only from both sides of the overflow, this roller width limit always depends on the particle size 黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）15distribution of bulk materials or the permeability of the bulk material. With the roll width increases, the air may be forced to clip roll band to bands material can not escape, resulting in a further increase in the briquetting machine load. To avoid this problem, briquetting machine of 1000 a total width of 1200mm, the total working width will be divided into two 500 a 600mm two parts, each part of the set up two spiral. In order to allow the air to overflow, all spiral is the same (see Figure 4), in order to meet the requirements of various feed speed and equipment production capacity, the speed of the screw must be adjusted separately.5. Pressure stentPressure stent in the design of briquetting machine, you must make it able to withstand the pressure of the high-pressure roller coming and supporting feeding system, usually with double stent. The so-called standard stents require easy maintenance, for example, due to wear or maintenance must be the pressure roller is removed. Not only that, like knock Koppern company and the development of a hinge bracket (Figure 8), this bracket is easy to remove or replace pressure roller. Bracket connected to the bottom of the vertical part of the horizontal portion of the above, the vertical bracket can be hinged at the down, remove part of the pressure roller attachment and floating roller side of the hydraulic tank, and disconnect the gear couplings grease piping, after connection of the cooling water system, the pressure roller can be pulled out to an easy overhead crane to lift. If using a standard bracket, replacement of a pressure roller of the fee may a week, while the articulated bracket may only need two classes can be. In order to make maintenance work more convenient, the design of a pressure roller to remove the device and a lifting bar, both connected with the pressure roller bearing box.黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）16Fig 8 Schematic of the articulated bracket6. Drive gearThe pressure roller drive gear of the machine by two large gear couplings, including synchronized helical gears, gear reducer, and a secure coupling between the people axis in the motor and gearbox input. Typically, the safety coupling is an automatic reset of the institutions, it can drive torque range of 1.7 to 1.9 times usual hours of work adjustment. Reduction gear consists of two parts : Reducers and synchronous torque distribution gear, under normal circumstances, the safety factor of the reducer for synchronous torque distribution gear safety factor of 2. The large gear reducer is equipped with oil cooling and filtering devices to ensure that the equipment of continuous operation.The most important is the connection of the synchronization gears and gear couplings guarantee provided to the uniform linear velocity of the pressure roller. Equipment in order to obtain higher yields only in the case of no shear stress.7. LubricatingA continuous lubrication system provides continuous to the main gear and a sliding surface of the floating roller, reliable special grease. To ensure effective work, the lubrication system is monitored. Large machines tend to always have the automatic lubrication of the gear coupling system, it will give the device long-term continuous operation without having to stop for lubrication maintenance.黃河科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（文獻(xiàn)翻譯）178.Hydraulic put pressure on the systemThe hydraulic put pressure on the system used to provide to the hydraulic tank pressure to change the pressure on roller closer to the compaction of materials and fixed roller. To meet special needs, the level and size of the pressure can be adjusted freely. Pressure gradient with the change of the pitch increased, the pressure gradient can be adjusted in a wide range by changing the sub-nitrogen in the hydraulic accumulator pressure. Also used as safety devices in the hydraulic system when the material is pressure pressure roller gap. An electric control system to monitor its function.9Frame In order to improve the speed of the old machine overloaded, and rigid he shortage problem, this design USES the from both left, up, right, with four The frame of a frame structure, each end frame with pin shaft link between, Make the convenient in assembling and disassembling, make simple, and the bearing can frame .Force is powerful, meet the large to roller machine work requirements.