人教版高一英語(yǔ)必修一unit1-知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解及練習(xí).doc

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽 1. 諺語(yǔ)：a friend in need is a friend indeed 患難見真情 A friend is like a second self. 朋友是另一個(gè)自我。 一、短語(yǔ)歸納 lought at 嘲笑 hide away 躲起來 a series of 一系列 grow\be crazy about 對(duì)…十分狂熱；十分癡迷 something to do with與…有關(guān)的某事、 nothing to do with 與…無關(guān) happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 at dusk: 黃昏時(shí)刻 傍晚 face to face面對(duì)面 Take care of 照顧Walking the dog 遛狗 （ Pay for sth 為…付款 Pack（sth）up將東西裝箱打包 Finish sth\doing sth完成某事、完成做某事 Stay awake 熬夜 end-of-term exam 期末考 fall in love with 愛上 according to 根據(jù) make a list of 列清單 二、.詞語(yǔ)辨析 1. calm / quiet / silent / still 【解釋】 calm 天氣、水、水面（表風(fēng)平浪靜）；（指人時(shí)）表示鎮(zhèn)定自如。 quiet 表“寧?kù)o”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，側(cè)重沒有響聲，沒有噪音和沒有動(dòng)靜。指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和，文靜。 silent 表“沉默”、“不發(fā)言”、“不說話”，常常表示人不愛說話，沉默無語(yǔ)。 still “不動(dòng)的”，指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，；指物時(shí)指完全沒有聲音，突出靜止不動(dòng)。 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo. 2). Why do you keep __________? 3). Everything was ___________. 4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy. 答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm 2. join / join in / take part in / attend 【解釋】 join 表示參加組織、黨派、團(tuán)體、軍隊(duì)、俱樂部等 join in 表示參加游戲、活動(dòng)等；join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事 take part in表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、慶祝等 attend 主要指出席、參加會(huì)議、婚禮；聽講座、課、報(bào)告、音樂會(huì)等；上學(xué)、教堂 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Can I ___________ the game? 2). Did you ____________ the fighting? 3). He __________ the army last year. 4). A lot of people __________ her wedding. 答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4）attended 四.重點(diǎn)詞匯 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的；不適的 vt. (upset, upset) Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要難過--并沒有造成傷害。 2. concern v. 擔(dān)憂; 涉及; 關(guān)系到 n. 擔(dān)心，關(guān)注；（利害）關(guān)系 [重點(diǎn)用法] as / so far as … be concerned 關(guān)于；至于；就……而言 be concerned about 關(guān)心 be concerned in sth. 牽涉到，與……有關(guān)，參與 ?3. settle vt. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居，安家；解決 1). The family has settled in Canada. 這家人已定居加拿大。 2）Try your best to calm yourself down.. [重點(diǎn)用法] settle down 鎮(zhèn)定下來 settle in 在…定居 ? 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷 Do you suffer from headaches? 你常頭痛嗎? suffer from 感到疼痛﹑ 不適﹑ 悲傷等; 受苦; 吃苦頭: 5. disagree vt. 不同意 disagree with sb 不同意某人的觀點(diǎn) . Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有時(shí)意見不一。 五.重點(diǎn)詞組 1. add up 加起來 Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起來，看看你能得幾分。 add (…) to ….把什么）加入…中 add up to …加起來是 add to 增加 [練習(xí)] 用add的適當(dāng)形式或構(gòu)成的詞組填空 1). Will you _____ some more students to this project? 2). Small numbers _____ a large one. 3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100. 答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added ?2. go through 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 [短語(yǔ)歸納] go after追求，追趕 go ahead前進(jìn)；請(qǐng)說（做）吧 go by走過，（時(shí)間）過去 go along with向前，（與……）一起去 go in for愛好，從事 go out外出；（燈，火）熄滅 go over越過；復(fù)習(xí) go up爬上，（價(jià)格等）上升 go home 回家 go to bed 上床睡覺 3.on purpose 故意，有目的地 [短語(yǔ)歸納] do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地 4. get along with 與某人相處；(工作的) 進(jìn)展 1) He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是個(gè)隨和的人，很難相處。 2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作進(jìn)展如何？ [短語(yǔ)歸納] get along/on well / badly with 與……相處得好/不好，……進(jìn)展順利/不順利 get away離開，逃離 get down下來；寫下，取下 get down to (doing)開始認(rèn)真干…… get over克服，擺脫 get through通過，做完 get together聚集 5.?????in order to… 為了……（可置于句首或句中） She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 圖的是得個(gè)好座位。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] so as to為了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首） in order that…以便（后跟句子） so that…以便（后跟句子） 6 share sth. with sb. Vt. 分享，分擔(dān) 短語(yǔ)： E.g. She always shares happiness and worries with me. 7. No longer\ not…any longer 不再 · If you are always dishonest, people will no longer believe you. 如果你老是言過其實(shí)，人們就不會(huì)相信你了。 8 Get \be tired of 對(duì)…厭煩 be tired with 對(duì)…到疲倦 You may be tired with reading, but you should not be tired of it. 9 should have done 本應(yīng)該。。 shouldn’t have done 表示過去應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒有做 E.g You should have come her five minutes ago. E.g You shouldn’t have told him about this. 六.重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料） 1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on. 媽媽問她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。 [解釋] with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)： with + 賓語(yǔ)+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases 由“介詞with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)” 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中通常作為狀語(yǔ)，表示背景情況，為方式，原因或條件等，另外，該結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作為定語(yǔ)使用。下面簡(jiǎn)述幾種情況： 1) 如果在該結(jié)構(gòu)中的分詞表示的動(dòng)作是由前面的名詞或代詞發(fā)出的，構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，即主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行，該分詞用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 2) 如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與前面的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即被動(dòng)，該分詞用過去分詞形式。（被動(dòng)） 3) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)也可以使用介詞短語(yǔ)，形容詞或副詞來充當(dāng),表狀態(tài) [典例] 1.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 副詞，如： The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on 2.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 介詞短語(yǔ)，如： The teacher came in with a book in his hand 3.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞，如： With the teacher standing beside ，she felt a bit uneasy. 4.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 過去分詞，如： With the work done , she felt greatly relieved. 5.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 不定式，如： With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水帳…… [解釋] as引導(dǎo)的從句為比較狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。 as 用作連詞，可引導(dǎo)下列狀語(yǔ)從句： 1). 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與從句謂語(yǔ)的同時(shí)性，伴隨著。。 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 隨著他年紀(jì)越來越大，他失去了對(duì)所有事物的興趣，除了園藝。 2). 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“盡管，雖然，即使”（從句需倒裝） Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 盡管天氣冷，我哥只穿了一件襯衫。 3). 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“以……方式”。 Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 為什么你沒有按我說的服這藥？ 4). 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句 (=since; because)，“由于，因?yàn)椤薄? As you were not there, I left a message. 因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)你不在那，所以我給你留了便條。 5) 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。 She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。 3. It is/was the…time that… …… 第幾次…… [解釋] that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 1). It is the first time that he has heard this song. 4 。I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事情都無比狂熱。 句子結(jié)構(gòu)： wonder ＋if I wonder if I can go at once . so …that從句---如此…以至于I was so angry that I can say nothing. 5 I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定語(yǔ)從句) 我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空，鳥兒的歌唱，月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。 [模仿要點(diǎn)] 句子結(jié)構(gòu)： It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when… 曾經(jīng)，一度 It was a time when I missed my hometown very much . 6 it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 句型 ：It is +強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that I like English very much at the beginning of this term. (1)It is I that like English very much at the beginning of this term. (2)It is English that I like very much at the beginning of this term. (3)It is at the beginning of this term that I like English very much 英語(yǔ)單元練習(xí)一 一、.單項(xiàng)填空 1． --- Mary’s got crazy and has been sent to the mental hospital. Did you tell her boss about that? --- Yes, but I _A____ her husband first. A. should have told B. shouldn’t have told C. must have told D. needn’t have told 2 There was ____A__ time _____ Chinese used foreign oil. A. a; when B. a; while C. /; when D. /; while 3．It was because of bad weather _D_the football match had to be put off. A. so B. so that C. why D. that 4.---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it __A__purpose. ---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident. A. on; by B. by; by C. on; on D. by; on 5. What great trouble we had ___A__ where his house was. A. in finding B. to find C. find D. found 6 Some students have trouble ____D_ grammar while others have difficulty______ new words. A. in; remember B. for; to remember C. on; remembering D. with; remembering 7．I cannot spend ____money on the car which is _A__expensive for me. A. too much; much too B. far too; too much C. much too; too much D. too many; much too 8． A catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning. A. In order to B. In order that C. So as to D. So that 9. There are altogether 6 people in the room, the baby__ C____. A. include B. including C. included D. to include 10. The manager of the factory told us that very little ___C___ was made of the waste material in the past. A. cost B. value C. use D. matter 11. There is no ____C__ swimming-pool in this school and the students often go to swim ______. A. indoors; outdoors B. indoor; outdoor C. indoor; outdoors D. indoor; indoors 12. It is the first time that I __B_____ this kind of moon cake. A. enjoyed B. have enjoyed C. enjoy D. enjoying 13. When was it __D_your mother showed you around the West Lake ？ A. until B. if C. which D. that 14． In the reading room , we found her ___D____ at a desk, with her attention ______ on a book. A. sitting; fixing B. to sit; fixed C. seating; fixing D. seated; fixed 15．I’m glad you’ve come; I am ___C____ telephoning you. A. at the point of B. to the point of C. on the point of D. in the point of 二、翻譯下面單詞和短語(yǔ) 1 膽敢_________________ 11. 生氣___________________ 1． 使平靜_______________ 12. 關(guān)心___________________ 2． 嘲笑_________________ 13. 記下___________________ 3． 經(jīng)歷_________________ 14. 對(duì)…狂熱_______________ 4． 戶外_________________ 15. 不睡覺 ________________ 5． 根據(jù)_________________ 16. 碰巧 __________________ 6． 一系列_______________ 17. 故意地 ________________ 7． 感激_________________ 18. 面對(duì)面 ________________ 8． 交流_________________ 19. 忽視 __________________ 10．加起來_____________ 20. 放好___________________ 三、完成句子 1．我聽了老師的建議，買了一部英英詞典。 ___ I followed my teacher’s advice and bought an English-English dictionary. 2．由于多年犯有心臟病，懷特教授無論到哪里都要隨身帶藥。 Having suffered from heart trouble for years， Professor White must take some medicine with him wherever he goes. 3還有一次，就在幾個(gè)月前的一天晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。 Another time some months ago, ___ I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. 4．媽媽問他穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。 Mum asked whether she was very hot __ with so many clothes on 5．由于天氣不好，走俏足球比賽不得不推遲。 ___ It was because of the bad weather that the football match had to be postponed. 6．你會(huì)告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他，但是你得去上課。 You will tell your friend __. that you are concerned about her but you have to go to class. 7. 不要嘲笑他，有時(shí)候你做得還不如他好。 _ Don't laugh at him Sometimes you are not able to do as well as he (does). 8. 我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水帳。 I don’t want to ___ set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do. 五、句子翻譯 1. 他們躲在那里差不多兩年，從來不敢出來。(dare) _____.They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out. 2．我們?cè)噲D使他平靜下來，但他仍不停地叫著。(calm down) _________ We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting. 3．在20世紀(jì)前，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。(go through) _____ In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars. 4．瓊斯先生單獨(dú)一人生活，常常感到孤獨(dú)。(lonely: alone) ___ Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 5．我們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)互相交流。(communicate with) ___ We communicate with each other by Internet / through the Internet. 6．這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚。(It is…that … It was the first time in a year and half that I’d seen the night face to face. 一.單項(xiàng)填空 1-5 AADAA 6-10 DAACC 11-15 BBDDC 一。翻譯下面單詞和短語(yǔ) 1. dare 2. calm down 3. laugh at 4. go through 5. outdoors 6. according to 7. a series of 8 grateful 9. communicate 10. add to 11. upset 12. be concerned about 13. set down 14. be crazy about 15. stay awake 16. happen to 17. on purpose 18. face to face 20. put away 三。完成句子。 1. I followed my teacher’s advice and 2. Having suffered from heart trouble for years 3. I happened to be upstairs one evening 4. with so many clothes on 5. It was because of the bad weather 6. that you are concerned about her 7. Don't laugh at him 8. set down a series of facts in a diary 四。句子翻譯 1.They hid there for almost two years and never dared go out. 2 We tried to calm him down, but he kept shouting. 3. In the early 20th century, China went through too many wars. 4 Mr Jones lives alone and often feels lonely. 5 We communicate with each other by Internet / through the Internet. 6. Your friend come to school very upset. 7. It was the first time in a year and half that I’d seen the night face to face. 8. Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.  THANKS !!! 致力為企業(yè)和個(gè)人提供合同協(xié)議，策劃案計(jì)劃書，學(xué)習(xí)課件等等 打造全網(wǎng)一站式需求 歡迎您的下載，資料僅供參考 -可編輯修改-