Moudle 4《Carnival》Grammar課件2（25張PPT）（外研版必修5）

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Module 4 Carnival,Grammar,Grammar – 1. Answering (5m) Read the sentence and answer the questions.,,In the late 1970s the tradition was revived by students. Today, carnival in Venice is celebrated for five days in February. Which sentences refers to the present? Which sentences refers to the past? Which shows who did something? What does by show?,Underline more examples of passive in The Magic of the Mask.,Sentence 2,Sentence 1,Sentence 1,By shows who performed the action (the agent).,Grammar – 2. Rewriting (9m) Rewrite the passage in the passive voice.,,Today millions of people enjoy carnival. Tourists from all over the world visit Venice for fun. Trained artists make many of the carnival masks. The local people gave parties every day for a month. Carnivals are different from places to places. At first the Portuguese and the Spanish took carnival to South America. However, in London the West Indian community created the Notting Hill Carnival.,Carnival is enjoyed by millions of people today.,Venice is,visited for fun by tourists from all over the world.,Many of,the carnival masks are made by trained artists.,Parties were,given every day for a month by the local people.,carnival was taken to South America by the Portuguese,and the Spanish.,the Notting Hill Carnival in,London was created by the West Indian community.,Who wrote this book?,=This book __________by Mark Twain.,was written,Mark Twain wrote this book.,What is the man doing?,He is feeding a dog.,,= A dog ___________ by him.,is being fed,被動語態(tài) 一.被動語態(tài)謂語部分的構(gòu)成: be+P.P 二.各種時態(tài)被動語態(tài)謂語部分的構(gòu)成 1.一般現(xiàn)在時:is/am/are+P.P He teaches English.----- 2.一般過去時:was/were+P.P He saw the film yesterday.---- 3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: am is +being+P.P are He is writing a letter.----,English is taught by him.,The film was seen.,,,A letter is being written.,4. 過去進(jìn)行時 :was/were++being+P.P He was singing the new song at 7 yesterday. -------- 5.現(xiàn)在完成時：have /has been +P.P We have carried the plan out. ---- 6. 過去完成時:had been+P.P He had washed the clothes when I came back. ----- 7.一般將來時：1)will/shall be +P.P He will help you.,The new song was being sung by him.,The plan has been carried out.,The clothes had been washed when I came back.,You will be helped by him.,2). be going to be done We are going to finish the work on time. 8.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)： can/may/must…be +P.P We must love our hometown. 9.特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的被動語態(tài): have/has to be done seem to be done want sth to be done happen to be done ask sth to be done pretend to be done be happy to be done let sth be done,The work is going to be done by us on time.,Our hometown must be loved by us.,三. 被動語態(tài)的運用： 當(dāng)句子的主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者時，主,謂 之間的關(guān)系稱為主動語態(tài);當(dāng)句子的主語是謂語動 作的承受者時，主、謂之間的關(guān)系稱為被動語態(tài)。 1).動詞say, believe, report, announce, suppose, know, consider, hope, suggest等以it作形式主語時用被動語態(tài)，后面接that從句. People hope that all of us can go to college. It is hoped that all of us can go to college. It is suggested that we (should) put off the English Speech Contest. 2). It is known_____all of us that the earth is round.,,to,英語中一般用來by表示動作的執(zhí)行者,但know除 外,它要用介詞to Hangzhou is known____a scenic spot, especially it is known_______the West Lake,which is known _______the world. 2.并非所有的動詞都能用于被動語態(tài)中.一般來說，在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪校苡弥鲃诱Z態(tài)的時候就盡量不去用被動語態(tài)。 下列情況一般不用于被動語態(tài)中.,as,for,to,不及物動詞或動詞短語無被動語態(tài)： appear, die, disappear, take place happen, last, remain, fall asleep, spread, stand, sit, break out, fail, lie end (vi. 結(jié)束), keep silence, come true, lose heart,,判斷正誤 ( ) The price has been risen. ( ) The price has risen. ( ) The accident was happened last week. ( ) The accident happened last week. ( ) The price has been raised ( ) The price has raised. ( ) Please be seated. ( ) Please seat. 要想正確地使用被動語態(tài)，就須注意哪些動詞是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特別是一詞多義的動詞往往有兩種用法。解決這一問題唯有在學(xué)習(xí)過程中多留意積累。,F,T,F,T,F,T,F,T,2) 不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語 fit, have, hold(容納), agree with, wish, cost, arrive at / in, shake hands, succeed in, suffer from, enter, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to This key just fits the lock. Your story agrees with what had already been heard. 3) 系動詞無被動語態(tài)： appear, become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, remain, look, seem, smell, sound, be , stay, taste, turn It sounds good.,4) 帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞(oneself)，相互代詞(each other,one another)，不能用于被動語態(tài)： die, death, dream, live, life She dreamed a bad dream last night. 5) 當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態(tài)。 ( ) She likes to swim. ( ) To swim is liked by her,T,F,give sb sth , send sb sth , buy sb sth ； give sth to sb, send sth to sb , buy sth for sb 請看下面兩種情況的對照： She sent me a novel on my birthday. (主動) My brother bought me a watch yesterday. (主動),,,,I was sent a novel on my birthday. (被動),A novel was sent to me on my birthday. (被動),I was bought a watch yesterday. (被動),A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday. (被動),,5.動詞的主動表被動： 1)下列感官動詞和系動詞以主動表被動: smell,sound,taste,prove,look,feel 那故事證明是真的. 著料子摸起來很柔軟. 2)sell,wash,write,shut,let(租)等詞后面加狀語(有些可以不加),常用主動表被動. 這書很暢銷. 那筆好寫. 那些印記不好洗. 那棟房子每月出租2000元. 3)need,want,require等表“需要”, 如果主語是物的時候,必須用動名詞的主動形式表被動意義;也可以用不定式的被動形式.,The story proved true.,The material feels soft.,,The book sells well.,The pen writes well.,The marks won’t wash easily,The house lets for 2000 yuan a month.,這張椅子需要修理. 窗子需要抹洗. 4)worth The book is worth reading.,The windows want cleaning.,=The chair needs to be repaired.,The chair needs repairing.,=The chair wanted to be cleaned.,,=The book is worthy of being read.,=The book is worthy to be read.,5)不定式作后置定語,如果不定式和邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系就應(yīng)用不定式的被動形式. The little boy likes to be taken to the park. He asked the letter to be posted . 雖然不定式和邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系,但它又和句子中的另外一個名詞或代詞存在著主動關(guān)系,這時須用主動形式表被動意義. Give me a book to read.,他命令立即完成這座橋的建設(shè). 我有很多工作要做. 他有很多問題沒解決,他很不高興. 他有很多問題沒解決,他老板很不高興.,He ordered the bridge _________________ an once.,to be completed,,With many problems __________, he is very unhappy.,to do.,I have a lot of work_________.,to be settled,With many problems _______________, his boss is very unhappy.,to settle,6) adj+to do too +adj.+to do,句型中,常用主動形式表達(dá)被動意義. adj. enough to do 英語不是很難學(xué). English is not very hard ___________. 這本書很容易理解. The book is easy ______________________. 這箱子太重了他搬不動. The box is too heavy for him ____________.,to study.,to understand.,to carry.,,7).動名詞如果和邏輯主語之間是被動關(guān)系就用動名詞的被動形式. No one enjoys being laughed at in public. Do you mind being invited to the party?,8)blame,let用于不定式中用主動表被動. 他該受責(zé)備. 這房子要出租.,He is to blame.,The house is to let.,Grammar—3. Complete the passage using the correct form of the verbs.(8m),1. were held,2. celebrated,3. was decided,4. wanted,5. was followed,6. was discovered,7. brought,8. were added,9. has become,10. is celebrated,11. is known,12. climbs,13. flies,14. is watched,15. are fired,Bye!,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,