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第三部分句法篇,專(zhuān)題4特殊句式,核心考點(diǎn)精析,特殊句式在高考中的應(yīng)用,模擬強(qiáng)化練,,,核心考點(diǎn)精析,1.就近一致原則(1)由or，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近一致原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。NeitherhisparentsnorIamabletopersuadehimtochangehismind.,◆主謂一致的核心考點(diǎn),(2)here/there引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子而主語(yǔ)又不止一個(gè)時(shí)，通常根據(jù)就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與離它最近的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。Hereisaruler，afewpencilsandtwocopybooks.,2.意義一致原則(1)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用單數(shù)的情況①表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。Politicsishisfavoritesubject.②表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書(shū)/報(bào)名、國(guó)名、地名等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。DoyouknowwhentheUnitedNationswassetup?,(2)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況表示總稱(chēng)意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolicearesearchingforthemurderer.(3)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式依據(jù)主語(yǔ)表示的意義而定①集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)其在語(yǔ)境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；當(dāng)其表示集體中各個(gè)組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。,AsfarasIknow，hisfamilyisnotverylargebutthefamilyareallmusiclovers.②“the＋形容詞/分詞”表示“一類(lèi)人”時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepoorwerelookeddownuponintheolddays.,3.語(yǔ)法一致原則(1)由and連接的兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)①“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋名詞單數(shù)”表示一個(gè)人(雙重身份)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Theteacherandpoetoftengiveslecturesaroundthecity.②“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋a/the＋名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theteacherandthepoethavejustarrived.,③“every＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋every＋名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducationinourcountry.④通常由兩個(gè)部件組成的物品如：aknifeandfork(一副刀叉)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Breadandbutterisnottohistaste.,(2)表示時(shí)間、數(shù)量、長(zhǎng)度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時(shí)是復(fù)數(shù)形式但常被看作是一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Isfiftypoundsenough?(3)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來(lái)定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Two-thirdsofthebooksareaboutscience.Only30%oftheworkwasdoneyesterday.,1.全部倒裝(1)在Therebe/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。Look，there’sthatbookshopIwastellingyouabout.(2)表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和動(dòng)作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首，主語(yǔ)是名詞而不是代詞時(shí)，用完全倒裝。此時(shí)，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theregoesthephone.I’llanswerit.,◆倒裝句的核心考點(diǎn),(3)such作表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)。SuchwasAlbertEinstein，asimplemanbutthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist.(4)直接引語(yǔ)的全部或部分位于句首時(shí)?！癐fyoudie，whowillgetyourmoney？”askedHolmes.(5)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。Inthecenterofthesquarestandsamonument.(6)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，或使上下文銜接緊密，而將作表語(yǔ)的介詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，引起倒裝。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.,2.部分倒裝在下列幾種情況下，只把助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。(1)little，never，not，seldom，neither，nor，hardly，rarely，bynomeans，atnotime，undernocircumstances，innocase等表示否定意義的單詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink.(2)在not...until...，nosooner...than...，scarcely/hardly...when...，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...等句式中。Neitherdoeshedrinknorsmoke.,(3)當(dāng)only修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)。OnlythendidIfindIhadmadeamistake.(4)在so/such...that...從句中，當(dāng)so＋形容詞/副詞或such＋名詞位于句首時(shí)。Soexhaustedwasshethatshewantedtohavearest.(5)當(dāng)表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“so/as＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示“……也是……”。TimeshavechangedandsohaveI.,(6)當(dāng)neither，nor位于句首，表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個(gè)人或事物時(shí)，常用“neither/nor＋be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”，表示“……也不……”。Theycouldn’tunderstanditatthattime，andnorcouldwe.(7)省略if的虛擬條件句，把助動(dòng)詞were，had，should提到主語(yǔ)前面。Haditnotbeenforyourhelp，weshouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.(8)as和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Tryasshemight，Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.(9)“may＋動(dòng)詞原形”表示祝愿，通常把may置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝語(yǔ)序。Mayyousucceed!,1.使用助動(dòng)詞do，does和did對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。Firstimpressionsreallydocount.2.運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以外的其他句子成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分。可用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等成分。在復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，要注意以下幾個(gè)方面：,◆強(qiáng)調(diào)句的核心考點(diǎn),(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，當(dāng)對(duì)陳述句中的主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，無(wú)論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都要用單數(shù)形式Itis/was...，同時(shí)，that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)方面保持一致。Itismyparentsthat/whooftenhelpmegetoutoftrouble.(2)當(dāng)對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或其他狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用連接詞that，而不能用where，when，why或how等。ItwasonAugust8,2008thatthe29thSummerOlympicGameswereopenedinBeijing.,(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問(wèn)句在強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，無(wú)論被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是什么句子成分，變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)，都須將主句改為疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序，即將“Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分”改為“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分？”或“疑問(wèn)詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他成分？”結(jié)構(gòu)。Wasitherfailingherexamthatmadeherparentsunhappy?Whenwasitthatshechangedhermind?,(4)在對(duì)not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)中的until時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要將句中的not移至until之前，構(gòu)成：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。注意that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要變成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒裝語(yǔ)序。Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.＝ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.,注意事項(xiàng)：1.如果由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句必須使用陳述語(yǔ)序，不可用疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序。Heaskedmewhoitwasthattookhisumbrellabymistake.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的反意疑問(wèn)句式。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，其反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)及助動(dòng)詞必須與主句Itis/was...保持一致。ItisMarynotyouwhowantstoaskmeaboutthatmatter，isn’tit?,3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)與定語(yǔ)從句的混合使用。在高考試題中，為了增加試題的難度，命題人常將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語(yǔ)從句混合起來(lái)，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜。我們要注意從語(yǔ)法角度來(lái)分析句子，理清結(jié)構(gòu)。ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的辨析。當(dāng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，去掉“itis/was”和連詞“that”，原句仍然完整；而在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，若去掉“itis/was”和連詞“when/before”，原句不完整。Itwasat14：28thattheterribleearthquakebrokeout.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Itwas14：28whentheterribleearthquakebrokeout.(狀語(yǔ)從句),1.狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略由when，while，if，asif，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be，而主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，則從句的主語(yǔ)和be可省略；或從句的主語(yǔ)為it，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be時(shí)，也可省略從句中的it和be。When(Iam)introuble，Ialwaysturntomyclassmatesforhelp.If(itis)possible，thismachinecanbefixedatonce.,◆省略句的核心考點(diǎn),2.不定式的省略單獨(dú)使用不定式符號(hào)to代替不定式后被省略的動(dòng)詞，常用在beafraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，try，want，wish等詞后；或放在表情緒的詞后，代替被省略的動(dòng)詞，常見(jiàn)詞有：glad，happy，pleased等；但是，如果不定式中含有be，have，havebeen，則要保留be，have，havebeen。—WillyoupleaselookaftermyhousewhenI’maway?—I’mgladto.—Areyouasailor?—No.ButIusedtobe.Yourworkhasn’tbeenhandedin，butitoughttohavebeen.,3.?？嫉膸讉€(gè)省略形式ifever，ifany，ifnotbetter/worse/taller...than等。4.并列句中的省略并列句中的兩個(gè)對(duì)等句里的動(dòng)詞相同時(shí)，后者的動(dòng)詞可以省略。HeisgoingtoHongKong，buthisbrother(isgoing)toAmerica.Myroomisonthethirdfloorandhis，onthefifth.,,返回,,特殊句式在高考中的應(yīng)用,◆特殊句式與語(yǔ)法填空,特殊句式常考的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目包含主謂一致、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句、感嘆句、祈使句等?？疾樾问接兄^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)、狀語(yǔ)從句的省略中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、以及助動(dòng)詞、替代詞或標(biāo)志性的詞等。,典題試做1,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式1.Yangshuo(be)reallybeautiful.(2015全國(guó)Ⅰ)解析考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本段介紹陽(yáng)朔的自然條件，屬客觀事實(shí)，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，由于主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)形式，故填is。,is,,解析答案,2.Bachdiedin1750，butitwasnotuntiltheearly19thcenturyhismusicalgiftwasfullyrecognized.(2015重慶)解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。本句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他，本句被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是notuntiltheearly19thcentury，故填that。3.aftertalkingtotwostudentsdidIdiscoverthathavingstrongmotivationisoneofthebiggestfactorsinreachinggoals.(2015湖南)解析考查倒裝句。only放在句首，后面跟狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。,that,Only,,解析答案,4.—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?—No.If，hewouldhavedrivenhiscartoourcollegeyesterday.(2013福建)解析考查替代?！叭绻ㄟ^(guò)的話(huà)”，用so替代前面Georgehaspassedthedrivingtest。5.CallmetomorrowI’llletyouknowthelabresult.(2014大綱全國(guó))解析由語(yǔ)境可知，此處是“祈使句＋and＋簡(jiǎn)單句”這一固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)，故填and。,so,and,,解析答案,6.astrangeplant！I’veneverseenitbefore.(2011遼寧)解析因?yàn)榭蘸蟮闹行脑~plant是名詞，所以用what引導(dǎo)該感嘆句。Whatastrangeplant！也可表達(dá)成Howstrangeaplant，即how后的中心詞為形容詞或副詞。故填what。,What,,解析答案,應(yīng)對(duì)策略1,注意分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)，確定為何種特殊句式，再根據(jù)特殊句式的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。,◆特殊句式與短文改錯(cuò),短文改錯(cuò)中對(duì)于特殊句式的考查主要涉及主謂不一致、以及含有助動(dòng)詞的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)錯(cuò)誤、替代詞的錯(cuò)用等。,典題試做2,單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Hardworkhavemadehimveryill.(2013遼寧)解析考查主謂一致。work為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。答案have→has2.Finally，therewereasuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.(2013陜西)解析考查主謂一致。Therebe應(yīng)該與其后主語(yǔ)asuddenpull在數(shù)上保持一致。答案were→was,,解析答案,3.InearlyJanuarythisyear，therateofUFOreportsweresteady，aroundthreeperweek.(2011遼寧)解析考查主謂一致。主語(yǔ)為therate，為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，故were改為was。答案were→was4.Icouldn’tbelievemyluck—notonlydidIhadmyphototakenwithhim，buthesignedhisnameonmyshirt！(2011陜西)解析考查倒裝句的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，“did＋主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞原形”，故had應(yīng)改為have。答案had→have,,解析答案,5.LuckilyIhadallmymoneyinmypocket，buttheonlyclothesIhadwasthoseIhadon.(2011新課標(biāo)全國(guó))解析考查主謂一致。該句謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該與主語(yǔ)theclothes一致，故was應(yīng)改為were。答案was→were6.Afterweleft，Isaid，“Thatwasveryniceofyou，Mother.ButIdidn’tthinkshelookedlikeGrandma.”“Neitherdidme，”saidMothercheerfully.(2010浙江)解析考查倒裝句。“neither＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用主格形式，故me應(yīng)改為I。答案me→I,,解析答案,應(yīng)對(duì)策略2,遇到特殊句式，要注意主謂一致、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、倒裝句、省略句、祈使句、感嘆句、反意疑問(wèn)句等的構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)。,◆書(shū)面表達(dá)中特殊句式易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)聚焦,在書(shū)面表達(dá)中適當(dāng)引入特殊句式，可提高表達(dá)的層次，增強(qiáng)交際效果。但是學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中主要存在以下問(wèn)題：1.主謂不一致(誤)Yourfriendandadviserhaveagreedtolendmesomemoney.(正)Yourfriendandadviserhasagreedtolendmesomemoney.(誤)Manyascientisthavesacrificedtheirlivesforscience.(正)Manyascientisthassacrificedhislifeforscience.,(誤)Mr.Wang，togetherwithhiswife，havegonetoAustralia.(正)Mr.Wang，togetherwithhiswife，hasgonetoAustralia.(誤)Eachoftheboyshavetheirownbooks.(正)Eachoftheboyshashisownbooks.(誤)Theblindisnotabletowalkwithoutsticks.(正)Theblindarenotabletowalkwithoutsticks.(誤)Fiveyearshavepassedsincethen.(正)Fiveyearshaspassedsincethen.,2.缺乏運(yùn)用意識(shí)語(yǔ)言輸出時(shí)，多用正常語(yǔ)序的簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句等。而缺乏運(yùn)用特殊句式的意識(shí)。(簡(jiǎn)單句堆積)IamLiHua.IamchairmanoftheStudentUnion.IamfromChenguangHighSchool.(同位語(yǔ))IamLiHua，chairmanoftheStudentUnion，fromChenguangHighSchool.(一般表達(dá))Ididn’trealizeitsimportanceuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmyclassinmyseniormiddleschool.,(倒裝句)NotuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmyclassinmyseniormiddleschooldidIrealizeitsimportance.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句)ItwasnotuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmyclassinmyseniormiddleschoolthatIrealizeditsimportance.,3.運(yùn)用中出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤(誤)Onlyworkhardcanyouachieveyourgoal.(正)Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachieveyourgoal.(誤)Therehavesomeproblemsexistinourschool.(正)Thereexistsomeproblemsinourschool.(誤)Onlyafterthewarlearnedhethesadnews.(正)Onlyafterthewardidhelearnthesadnews.(誤)ItwasatmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.(正)ItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.(正)ItwasmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.,,返回,,模擬強(qiáng)化練,Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Oneday，hecameupwithanideathathewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidthenextday.解析句中didso替代的是上文同位語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)pluckupallofhiscropafewinches。,so,,解析答案,2.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhen(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandplanting.解析本句實(shí)際上是whenitiscomparedtosuchartformsasmusicandpainting的省略，省略掉主語(yǔ)及be動(dòng)詞。3.Herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty，butshestillhopes.解析句意為：她父母不讓她去參加聚會(huì)，但她仍然希望去參加。此句為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)為：...，butshestillhopestogototheparty.。,compared,to,,解析答案,4.withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayrise.解析由canyouexpectto...可知，這是倒裝句，根據(jù)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“only＋狀語(yǔ)(withhardwork)”可知應(yīng)填副詞only。5.NotIcaughtsightofmyteacherinthecrowddidIcalmdown.解析句意為：直到我在人群中看見(jiàn)我的老師我才平靜下來(lái)。notuntil位于句首，句子要部分倒裝。6.Eitheryouortheheadmaster(be)tohandouttheprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.解析謂語(yǔ)與theheadmaster一致，故be用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)is。,Only,until,is,,解析答案,7.Theteacher，with6girlsand8boysofherclass，(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.解析謂語(yǔ)與theteacher一致，又根據(jù)慣用句型結(jié)構(gòu)was/weredoing...when...可知，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。8.Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrict(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.解析謂語(yǔ)與theland一致，用單數(shù)。9.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodearth(wash)awayeachyear.解析因quantitiesof作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；earth與wash之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用被動(dòng)式，指近些年或近階段正在發(fā)生的事，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。,wasvisiting,is,arebeingwashed,,解析答案,10.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho(be)awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.解析謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與theonlyone一致，又由forthreeyears可知用完成時(shí)。,hasbeen,,解析答案,Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題1處錯(cuò)誤)1.Thesingeranddanceraretoattendoureveningparty.答案dancer前加the或are→is2.Theyeachhasanapple.答案has→have3.Hejoinsthefootballteamwhoisallfamousfootballers.答案is→are4.Dr.Smith，togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters，aregoingtovisitBeijingthissummer.答案are→is,,答案,5.Asaresultoftheseriousflood，twothirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedsrepairing.答案needs→need6.Thosewholikestosingcanjoinus.答案likes→like7.Soloudlyhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.答案he前加did8.Ifyoudon’tgotheretomorrow，neitherdoesTom.答案does→will,,答案,9.Hardalthoughhetried，hewasunabletomakemuchprogress.答案although→as/though10.Ican’tswimandsocanKate.答案so→neither,,答案,Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空ADealingwithhomelessfamilies1.(be)onepartofmyjob.Itwasfromasinglemother2.theveryfirstcallIhadwas.Shewasweeping.NotuntilIpromisedtohelpher3.shestopweeping.Afterbeingtoldthatshehadgotintoaterriblecaraccident，Ilearnedthataccidentmadeherloseherjob.Fellbehindwithherrent4.shewasbeingforcedtoleaveherapartment.Shehadtopayfortherent.5.not，nowherecouldsheandhertwochildrengo.,is,that,did,and,If,,答案,Havingexplainedthesituation，shestopped，saying，“I’msosorry！Thankyouforlettingmetellmystory.I’vetriedeveryshelterandchurchorganizationintheareabutnoone6.listenorcare.”7.anunfortunatething！Atthattimetherebeingnoopeningsforfamilyhousing，ItookhernumberdownandtoldherI’dcallherrightback.Later，hardly8.IfoundanopeningforafamilyinashelterinherareawhenIcalledherback.Shewasshockedwhen9.(answer)mycall.Shesaid，“Never10.Ireallyexpectyoutocallmeback.”Igaveherthegoodnewsandshestartedweepingagain.Butthistimetheyweretearsofhappinessandhope.,does,What,had,answering,did,,答案,BWaitress：Yes，Sir.Youcalled?Customer：Yes，Iwonderifyoucouldbringmeone11.(many)bottleofbeer.Waitress：I12.(certain)can.MayIaskwhoyouarewaitingfor?Customer：Well，mygrandsonissupposed13.(meet)meinLondonattheairport.Doyouthinkhe’llbeabletofindme?Waitress：I’msurehewill.Youdon’thavetoworryaboutthat.Areyougoingtobevisitinghim?,more,certainly,tomeet,,答案,Customer：Yes.I’veneverseenmygrandson.IwishI14.(see)him!Inthatcase，Icanrecognizehimeasily.Waitress：Ithinkyou’llhaveawonderfultimeinLondon,15.isverybeautiful.Isthisyourfirsttimeabroad?Customer：No，IsawquiteabitofEuropebefore，Rome，Berlin，placeslikethat，butI’veneverbeentoParis.IfIhadthechancenextyear，I16.(visit)Paris.Waitress：Oh，thenyouhaveflownbeforetoo?Customer：No，that17.(be)duringtheSecondWorldWarandIwenttoEuropeonalargeshipcarryingsoldiers.,hadseen,which,wouldvisit,was,,答案,Waitress：Thingsarequite18.(difference)inEuropenowadays.Customer：I’msuretheyare.I’mreally19.(interest)togetthere.Waitress：By20.way，willyoubestayinglong?Customer：Itdepends，butIplantostayforatleastfiveweeks.Waitress：Ithinkyou’llhaveagoodtime.I’llgoandgetabeerforyou.,different,interested,the,,答案,返回,