新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第三版讀寫(xiě)教程book3-課后翻譯英漢互譯

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NNCE Book3課后翻譯參考答案 Unit1 英譯中原文：Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this communitys values and practices. Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially on and each individual has the power to change things. In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other. Global citizens care about education, disease, poverty, and environmental issues around the world. Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community. This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and transportation technologies. Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action. Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be pro-active in making a positive difference in the world. Keys：世界公民是指一個(gè)人承認(rèn)自己是新興的全球社區(qū)的一分子，而且其行動(dòng)對(duì)全球社區(qū)的價(jià)值打造和實(shí)踐活動(dòng)有所貢獻(xiàn)。世界公民相信人類從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)整體，任何個(gè)人都有改變事物的能力。在我們這樣一個(gè)相互依賴的世界中，世界公民意識(shí)鼓勵(lì)我們認(rèn)識(shí)到對(duì)彼此的責(zé)任，并從對(duì)方身上學(xué)習(xí)。世界公民關(guān)心全球的教育、疾病、貧窮和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。在當(dāng)今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌發(fā)世界公民的意識(shí)，讓他們擁有對(duì)全球社區(qū)的歸屬感。這種不斷發(fā)展的世界公民意識(shí)在很大程度上來(lái)講，要?dú)w功于現(xiàn)代信息、通信和交通技術(shù)的力量世界公民意識(shí)致力于給予人們力量，讓他們付諸行動(dòng)，世界公民除了要從世界問(wèn)題中學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)和價(jià)值觀，還要擁有必需的技能，使他們擁有能力和自信，積極推動(dòng)世界的發(fā)展。 漢譯英原文：如今，很多年輕人不再選擇" 穩(wěn)定" 的工作，他們更愿意自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，依靠自己的智慧和奮斗去實(shí)現(xiàn)自我價(jià)值。青年創(chuàng)業(yè)（young entrepreneurship）是未來(lái)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)活力的來(lái)源，創(chuàng)業(yè)者的成功不但會(huì)創(chuàng)造財(cái)富、增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)、改善大家的生活，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，對(duì)于國(guó)家更是一件好事，創(chuàng)業(yè)者正是讓中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí)換代的力量。尤其是在當(dāng)前，國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬(wàn)眾創(chuàng)新，在政策上給予中小企業(yè)支持，這更加激發(fā)了年輕人的創(chuàng)業(yè)熱情。 Keys：Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves peoples life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading Chinas economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young peoples enthusiasm to start their own businesses. Unit 2 英譯中原文：The American Dream is a national ethos(精神特質(zhì))of the United States. The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life. Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships. The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants. And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal components and a global vision. But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing. Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone. Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone. Keys：美國(guó)夢(mèng)是美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)的民族精神。該詞有各種各樣的用法，但其根本含義是，在美國(guó)任何人都可以通過(guò)努力獲得成功，都有可能過(guò)上幸福而成功的生活口許多人對(duì)美國(guó)夢(mèng)的概念加以拓展和提煉，涵蓋了像自由，自我實(shí)現(xiàn)和深厚的人際關(guān)系等方面的內(nèi)容。美國(guó)夢(mèng)的思想比美國(guó)本身更為久遠(yuǎn)，可以追溯到17世紀(jì)，當(dāng)時(shí)的歐洲移民面對(duì)這一新發(fā)現(xiàn)的、未經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)的廣裹大陸，開(kāi)始紛紛懷揣希望，追逐夢(mèng)想。隨著歷史的發(fā)展，美國(guó)夢(mèng)的含義也已改變，既包含了個(gè)人元素，也包含了全局視野。但并不是每個(gè)人都對(duì)美國(guó)夢(mèng)持肯定態(tài)度。一些人認(rèn)為美國(guó)的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)決定了不是每個(gè)人都能擁有這樣的理想目標(biāo)。批評(píng)者常常舉以實(shí)例，揭露植根于階級(jí)、種族、宗教和民族的不平等現(xiàn)象，指出美國(guó)夢(mèng)并非每個(gè)人都可企及。 漢譯英原文：實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興（rejuvenation ）是近代以來(lái)中國(guó)人民最偉大的夢(mèng)想，我們稱之為“中國(guó)夢(mèng)”，其基本內(nèi)涵是實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家富強(qiáng)、民族振興、人民幸福。中國(guó)夢(mèng)，是讓每一個(gè)積極進(jìn)取的中國(guó)人形成世世代代的信念：只要經(jīng)過(guò)不懈的奮斗便能獲得更好的生活。人們必須通過(guò)自己的勤奮、勇氣、創(chuàng)意和決心邁向繁榮，而不是依賴于社會(huì)和他人的援助。每個(gè)中國(guó)人都是中國(guó)夢(mèng)的參與者和創(chuàng)造者。中國(guó)夢(mèng)是民族的夢(mèng)，也是每個(gè)中國(guó)人的夢(mèng)。 Keys：Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modem times. It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese. Unit 3 英譯中原文：Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of"Renaissance Master". Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter.Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time. What make Leonardos drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind. Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output quite small. Although not a prolific(多產(chǎn)的)painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams. These notebooks, often referred to as da Vincis manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. Leonards genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art. Keys：萊奧納多達(dá)芬奇是意大利文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期最偉大的思想家之一，也許也是迄今最多才多藝的人。他是畫(huà)家、雕刻家、建筑家、數(shù)學(xué)家、工程師和發(fā)明家，因成就廣泛而聞名。他的天賦跨越多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，為其贏得了“文藝復(fù)興大師的稱號(hào)”。萊奧納多主要作為畫(huà)家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜麗莎》最為有名，而《最后的晚餐》則是歷來(lái)復(fù)制最多的宗教畫(huà)作。萊奧納多作品的獨(dú)特之處主要在于其創(chuàng)新性的技巧和敏銳的科學(xué)思維。他的畫(huà)作大約只有15幅流傳了下來(lái)，其部分原因是他不斷試驗(yàn)新的技巧，所以作品總量很小。萊奧納多雖然不是多產(chǎn)畫(huà)家，卻是一位最高產(chǎn)的繪圖家，他在日記中畫(huà)滿了各種草圖、圖畫(huà)和圖表。這此筆記通常被稱為達(dá).芬奇手稿，記錄了他的各種發(fā)明、觀察，以及他對(duì)自己感興趣的事物提出的理論。萊奧納多的天賦使他幾乎在涉足的每一領(lǐng)域都成了先驅(qū)。他的畫(huà)作，連同他的筆記，在藝術(shù)史上貢獻(xiàn)斐然。 漢譯英原文：水墨畫(huà)（ink and wash painting）是中國(guó)獨(dú)具特色的傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)形式之一，是中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)的代表。它大約始于唐代，興盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的歷史，其間經(jīng)歷了不斷的發(fā)展、提高和完善。水墨畫(huà)的創(chuàng)作工具和材料是具有濃厚中國(guó)特色的毛筆、宣紙和墨，其作品特點(diǎn)也與此緊密相關(guān)。例如，水和墨相互調(diào)和，使作品具有干濕濃淡的層次。水墨和宣紙的交融滲透也使畫(huà)作善于表現(xiàn)豐富的意象，從而達(dá)到獨(dú)特的審美效果。水墨畫(huà)在中國(guó)繪畫(huà)史上具有很高的地位，甚至被認(rèn)為是衡量東方繪畫(huà)藝術(shù)水平的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 Keys：Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection. The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e, brushes, rice paper, and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings. For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness. The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects. Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings. Unit 4 英譯中原文：Venice is the worlds famous island city in northern Italy. Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century. In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major center for commerce and trade, and became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs. After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century. Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the worlds most beautiful cities and one of the most important tourist destinations in the world. Venice has a rich and diverse architectural style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style. Venice is also known for several important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period. The influence of Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable. Today, it is still playing an important role in contemporary arts and popular cultures. In 1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site. In March 1980, Venice became a sister city of Chinas Suzhou City. Keys：威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界聞名的島城。威尼斯建立于公元5世紀(jì)，在公元10世紀(jì)時(shí)成為一支重要的海上力量。在中世紀(jì)和文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，威尼斯曾是重要的商貿(mào)中心，是當(dāng)時(shí)歐洲極為富裕的城市，在政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)事務(wù)中居領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位。幾百年的興盛之后，威尼斯在15世紀(jì)開(kāi)始衰落。如今，威尼斯被公認(rèn)為是全世界最美的城市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅游勝地之一。威尼斯的建筑風(fēng)格豐富多樣，其中最出名的是哥特式風(fēng)格。威尼斯還因歷史上的幾次重要的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)而聞名，特別是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期。威尼斯對(duì)建筑和藝術(shù)的發(fā)展影響巨大。至今，威尼斯仍對(duì)現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)和流行文化的發(fā)展起著重要作用。1987年，威尼斯被列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。1980年3月，威尼斯與中國(guó)蘇州結(jié)為“友好城市”。 漢譯英原文：麗江地處云南省西北部，境內(nèi)多山。麗江古城坐落在玉龍雪山腳下，是一座風(fēng)景秀麗的歷史文化名城，也是我國(guó)保存完好的少數(shù)民族古城之一。麗江古城始建于南宋，距今約有800年的歷史。麗江不僅歷史悠久，而且民族眾多，少數(shù)民族人口占全區(qū)人口的半數(shù)以上。隨著麗江旅游業(yè)的發(fā)展，到麗江古城觀光游覽的中外游客日益增多。1997年12月，麗江古城申報(bào)世界文化遺產(chǎn)獲得成功，填補(bǔ)了中國(guó)在世界文化遺產(chǎn)中無(wú)歷史文化名城的空白。 Keys：Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province. The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture. It’s also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities. The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now. Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region. With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad. In December 1997, the old town succeeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List. Unit 5 英譯中原文：The English ceremony of afternoon tea dates back to the 1840s. The tradition evolved out of the rituals and routines that surrounded tea drinking in Britain before that time. Tea was first introduced to England in the late 1650s, but for a long time, it was only consumed by the royal family and the aristocracy due to its high cost. The habit of having afternoon tea did not become established until almost 200 years later. In those days, the British ate only two daily meals:a large breakfast late in the morning and a late dinner around 8 oclock in the evening. Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford, can be credited for creating the tradition of afternoon tea to soothe hunger pangs before supper. She invited friends to join her for an additional afternoon meal at four to five oclock. The menu included tea and snacks such as dainty cakes and sandwiches. Fine porcelain(瓷器)was used to serve this minor feast. Afternoon tea soon became popular, and is now a symbol of the elegant British way of life. As novelist Henry James wrote, "There are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea. Keys：英式下午茶的儀式可以迫溯到19世紀(jì)40年代，該傳統(tǒng)是由之前英國(guó)的茶飲儀式和習(xí)慣發(fā)展而來(lái)的。茶最初在17世紀(jì)50年代晚期被引入英國(guó)，但由于價(jià)格昂貴，所以很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間里，只有皇家和貴族才能享用。直到將近200多年之后，英國(guó)人才養(yǎng)成吃下午茶的習(xí)慣。在當(dāng)時(shí)，英國(guó)人一日兩餐: 快接近中午時(shí)分的豐盛早餐和晚上八點(diǎn)左右的晚餐。據(jù)說(shuō)第七代貝德福德公爵夫人安娜開(kāi)創(chuàng)了下午茶的傳統(tǒng)，以此來(lái)緩解晚餐前的饑餓感。她邀請(qǐng)朋友和她一起在下午四五點(diǎn)鐘吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些點(diǎn)心，比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。這些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛裝。下午茶很快就流行開(kāi)來(lái)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為優(yōu)雅英國(guó)生活方式的一個(gè)象征。正如小說(shuō)家亨利詹姆斯寫(xiě)道的那樣:“人生鮮有比全心全意享用下午茶這一儀式更愜意的時(shí)刻了。” 漢譯英原文：中國(guó)是茶的故鄉(xiāng)，也是茶文化的發(fā)源地。自古以來(lái)，茶就被譽(yù)為中華民族的“國(guó)飲”。無(wú)論是文人墨客生活中的“琴棋書(shū)畫(huà)詩(shī)酒茶”，還是平民百姓生活中的“柴米油鹽醬醋茶”，茶都是必備品。同時(shí)，中國(guó)又是文明古國(guó)，禮儀之邦。凡是來(lái)了客人或朋友，沏茶、敬茶的禮儀必不可少。隨著中外文化交流和商業(yè)貿(mào)易的發(fā)展，中國(guó)茶及茶文化傳向了全世界?，F(xiàn)在五大洲有不少國(guó)家種茶，也有很多國(guó)家從中國(guó)進(jìn)口茶。中國(guó)茶和中國(guó)的絲綢及瓷器一樣，已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)在全世界的代名詞。 Keys：China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the "national drink" of China. In both the Chinese scholars even daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common peoples seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea. Tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea cultural spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea like Chinese silk and Chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world. Unit 6 英譯中原文：Homer’s epics are said to be written by an ancient Greek blind poet Homer, who is revered as the greatest of ancient Greek epic poets. The epics include two great works of Greek history: the Iliad and the Odyssey. The two epics are the earliest works of Greek literature, and are among the greatest treasures of the ancient world, regarded by Westerners as the greatest epics in history. They have had an enormous influence on the history of literature and are of great value for the study of history, geography, archeology and folklore. Both the epics are divided into 24 volumes, the Iliad containing 15, 693 lines and the Odyssey 12, 11 lines. The Iliad is the oldest surviving work of Greek literature, which tells the story of the 10-year siege of the city of Troy. The Odyssey mainly centers on the Greek hero Odysseus and his journey home after the fall of Troy. Given the concise language, vivid plots and characters, Homer’s epics are great masterpieces of literature and occupy an important position in the world literature history. Keys：《荷馬史詩(shī)》據(jù)傳是由古希臘盲詩(shī)人荷馬創(chuàng)作，他被推崇為古希臘最偉大的史詩(shī)詩(shī)人?！逗神R史詩(shī)》由反映希臘歷史的兩部巨著《伊利亞特》和《奧德賽》組成，是希臘文學(xué)最早的著作，也是古代世界最偉大的瑰寶之一，被西方人認(rèn)為是歷史上最偉大的史詩(shī)。這兩部史詩(shī)對(duì)文學(xué)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大影響，并對(duì)研究歷史、地理、考古以及民俗具有重大的價(jià)值。兩部史詩(shī)都分為24卷，《伊利亞特》有15,693行，《奧德賽》有12,110行?！兑晾麃喬亍肥乾F(xiàn)存希臘文學(xué)中最早的著作，講述的是特洛伊十年圍城的故事。《奧德賽》則主要講述希臘英雄奧德修斯以及他在特洛伊陷落之后回家途中發(fā)生的故事?！逗神R史詩(shī)》以其精煉的語(yǔ)言、生動(dòng)的情節(jié)和人物形象被認(rèn)為是偉大的文學(xué)杰作，在世界文學(xué)史上享有重要地位。 漢譯英原文：《孫子兵法》（The Art of War ）是我國(guó)古代著名的軍事家（strategist ）孫武的著作。它既是一部經(jīng)典的軍事著作，又是一部光輝的哲學(xué)著作，是我國(guó)燦爛的古代文化中一份珍貴的遺產(chǎn)。孫武在書(shū)中揭示了一系列具有普遍意義的軍事規(guī)律，提出了一套完整的軍事理論體系。這一理論體系不僅深受戰(zhàn)國(guó)以來(lái)歷代軍事家的重視和推崇，對(duì)他們的軍事思想和實(shí)踐產(chǎn)生了重要的影響，而且在世界軍事思想領(lǐng)域也擁有廣泛的影響，享有極高的聲譽(yù)。 Keys：The Art of War was written by Sun Wu, a famous ancient Chinese strategist. A classic work not only of military value but also of great philosophical significance, The Art of War is a precious heritage of brilliant ancient Chinese culture. Sun Wu disclosed in his book a series of military rules and principles, and put forward a complete system of military theory. His theory has been highly regarded by strategists since the Warring States Period and exerted strong impacts on their thought and practice. Moreover it has yielded a worldwide influence in the field of military thought, enjoying extremely high prestige. Unit 7 英譯中原文：The WTO, established on January 1,1995, intends to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization deals with regulation of trade between participating countries ; it provides a framework for negotiating and formalizing trade agreements, and a dispute resolution process aimed at enforcing participants adherence (遵守) to WTO agreements, which are signed by representatives of member governments and ratified (批準(zhǔn)) by their parliaments.The process of becoming a WTO member is unique to each applicant country,and the terms of accession are dependent upon the countrys stage of economic development and current trade regime (體制)。China became a member of the WTO on December 11，2001.The admission of China to the WTO was preceded by a lengthy process of negotiations and required significant changes to the Chinese economy. It also meant a deeper integration of China into the world economy.The admission of China to the WTO was an enormous multilateral (多邊的) achievement which marked a clear commitment toward multilateralism from the Chinese perspective. Keys：世界貿(mào)易組織成立于1995 年1月1日，旨在監(jiān)督和促進(jìn)國(guó)際貿(mào)易自由化。該組織負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)成員國(guó)之間的貿(mào)易進(jìn)行調(diào)控，為貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判和形成制定框架，并提供爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制以敦促成員國(guó)遵守世貿(mào)協(xié)定，而這些協(xié)定皆為各成員國(guó)政府的代表所簽署且獲得其立法機(jī)構(gòu)的批準(zhǔn)。每一個(gè)申請(qǐng)國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織的過(guò)程各不相同，加入條件取決于該國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的階段和現(xiàn)行貿(mào)易體制。中國(guó)在2001年12 月11日成為世貿(mào)組織成員國(guó)， 是在經(jīng)歷了漫長(zhǎng)的談判，并按照要求對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)作出重大改變之后才得以加入的,這也意味著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)能更深入地融入到世界經(jīng)濟(jì)中。中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織是一項(xiàng)巨大的多邊成果，而對(duì)中國(guó)而言，這也標(biāo)志著其致力于多邊貿(mào)易的明確承諾。 漢譯英原文：上海自貿(mào)區(qū)（Shanghai Free Trade Zone）是中國(guó)政府于2013年設(shè)立在上海的自由貿(mào)易區(qū)。上海自貿(mào)區(qū)總面積為28.78平方公里，是中國(guó)大陸境內(nèi)第一個(gè)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)，也是進(jìn)行一系列經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的“試驗(yàn)田”（testing ground）。設(shè)立上海自貿(mào)區(qū)是順應(yīng)全球經(jīng)貿(mào)發(fā)展新趨勢(shì)，實(shí)行更加積極主動(dòng)開(kāi)放戰(zhàn)略的一項(xiàng)重大舉措。其主要任務(wù)是為全面深化改革開(kāi)放探索新路徑、積累新經(jīng)驗(yàn)。上海自貿(mào)區(qū)作為試點(diǎn)（pilot project），是中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的“試金石”（touchstone ），將為深化改革、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)活力起到積極的推動(dòng)作用。 Keys：Shanghai Free Trade Zone is a free trade zone in Shanghai that was launched in 2013 by the Chinese government. Covering an area of 28.78 square kilometers, Shanghai Free Trade Zone is the first of its kind in China S mainland, and is regarded as a "testing ground" for a number of economic reforms.The establishment of the free trade zone is a significant measure taken to actively promote the opening-up strategy under the new global economic and trade situation. It undertakes a major task to explore new ways and accumulate new experience for the deepening of reform and opening up in an all-round way. As a pilot project, Shanghai Free Trade Zone will become a"touchstone" for Chinese economy. It will play an active role in deepening reforms and boosting economic vigor. Unit 8 英譯中原文：The New Years Concert of the Vienna Philharmonic (愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)) is a concert of classical music that takes place each year in the morning of New Years Day in Vienna, Austria.The music always includes pieces from the Strauss family- with occasional additional music from other main Austrian composers.The demand for tickets is so high that people have to pre-register one year in advance in order to participate in the drawing of tickets for the following year.The popularity of the concerts can be attributed to the creative energy of the compositions of the Strauss Dynasty,as well as their authoritative interpretations.These concerts not only delight the audiences in the Musikverein( 金色大廳) in Vienna,but also enjoy great international popularity through the worldwide television broadcast,which now reaches over 90 countries.Originating during the darkest chapter in Austrias history,these concerts convey the desire of the Philharmonic not only to provide musically definitive interpretations of the masterworks of this genre,but at the same time,as musical ambassadors of Austria,to send people all over the world a New Year greeting in the spirit of hope,friendship and peace. Keys：維也納愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)新年音樂(lè)會(huì)是古典音樂(lè)會(huì)，每年元旦上午在奧地利維也納舉行。音樂(lè)會(huì)通常會(huì)選取施特勞斯家族的作品，偶爾也會(huì)選取來(lái)自?shī)W地利的其他知名作曲家的音樂(lè)。新年音樂(lè)會(huì)的門票一票難求，人們必須提前一年注冊(cè)，才能參與下一年門票的抽簽。新年音樂(lè)會(huì)大受歡迎，這不僅歸功于施特勞斯家族作品的創(chuàng)新力，還要?dú)w功于其對(duì)音樂(lè)的權(quán)威詮釋。音樂(lè)會(huì)給維也納金色大廳中的聽(tīng)眾帶來(lái)了愉悅，在全世界也廣受喜愛(ài)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有90多個(gè)國(guó)家可以通過(guò)電視轉(zhuǎn)播收看。維也納新年音樂(lè)會(huì)始于奧地利歷史上最黑暗的時(shí)期，它表達(dá)了愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)對(duì)古典音樂(lè)經(jīng)典作品進(jìn)行詮釋的渴望，同時(shí)，本著希望、友誼以及和平的精神，樂(lè)團(tuán)也希望音樂(lè)會(huì)能成為奧地利的音樂(lè)使者，為全球送去新年祝福。 漢譯英原文：中央電視臺(tái)春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)（簡(jiǎn)稱“春晚”）自1983年開(kāi)辦以來(lái)，已成為中國(guó)人文化生活中不可缺少的文化消費(fèi)品和一個(gè)揮之不去的文化符號(hào)。雖然眾口難調(diào)，但必須承認(rèn)的是，“春晚”已成為公眾所不可缺少的“新民俗”。春晚不僅是一臺(tái)晚會(huì)，更是一種儀式與象征，一種文化與標(biāo)簽，一種情感與寄托。隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展及新媒體的出現(xiàn)，觀眾的選擇和需求日漸多樣化，“春晚”也在與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，以滿足大眾日益增長(zhǎng)的文化需求。 Keys：The CCTV Spring Festival Gala (Spring Festival Gala for short), which was started in 1983, has become an indispensable cultural consumer product and a cultural symbol in the cultural life of the Chinese people. Though it’s hard to satisfy the tastes of all the people, it has to be admitted that the Spring Festival Gala has become a “new custom” for the public that they can’t live without. The Spring Festival Gala is more than a gala; it is a ritual and a symbol, a culture and a label, and an emotion and a place where people entrust their hearts to. With the development of the times and the emerging of new media, the audiences are having more diversified choices and demands. Correspondingly, the Spring Festival Gala is also advancing with the time to satisfy