2019小升初英語總復習 第四章 動詞和時態(tài) 第一節(jié) 動詞課件.ppt

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第四章動詞和時態(tài) 第一節(jié)動詞 知識梳理 一 動詞的概念與分類動詞是句子中表示動作或者狀態(tài)的詞 根據動詞的詞義和在句中的作用 可以將動詞劃分為如下幾類 二 動詞的基本形式1 情態(tài)動詞 沒有人稱和數的變化 后面接動詞原形 如 Icanplaybasketballwell MikecanspeakChinese 2 be動詞 根據人稱和時態(tài)的不同 呈現不同形式 如 現在時 Iamveryhappytoday MikeisanAmericanboy Theyareplayinginthesnow 過去時 HewasinGrade3lastyear Wewereathomeyesterday 將來時 TherewillbeamatchbetweenClass1andClass2tomorrow 3 助動詞 不能單獨在句中使用 在句中的作用是幫助構成否定 疑問等句式 如 Wedonot don t haveclassesonSaturdays Myfatherdoesnot doesn t workinthehospital Didyougoswimminglastweekend 4 實義動詞 小學階段所學的實義動詞有四種形式 即動詞原形 第三人稱單數形式 現在分詞形式 動詞的ing形式 和過去式形式 如 1 動詞第三人稱單數形式的構成 一般情況下 在動詞詞尾加s 如 work works look looks want wants 以ch sh s x o結尾的動詞 在詞尾加es 如 teach teaches wash washes dress 裝扮 dresses fix 安裝 fixes go goes 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞 改y為i 再加es 如 fly flies cry cries 注 play plays buy buys 不規(guī)則變化 如 have has be is 2 動詞現在分詞形式的構成 一般情況下 在動詞詞尾加ing 如 go going play playing 以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞 去e再加ing 如 write writing come coming 以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾 且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞 雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加ing 如 run running swim swimming shop shopping 以ie結尾的動詞 將ie改為y 再加ing 如 die dying lie lying 3 動詞過去式的構成 一般情況下 在動詞詞尾加ed 如 work worked play played等 以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞 在詞尾加d 如 close closed arrive arrived 以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞 改y為i 再加ed 如 cry cried study studied 以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾 且詞尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞 雙寫最后這個輔音字母再加ed 如 stop stopped drop dropped 動詞的不規(guī)則變化 見下表 考點精析 考點1考查動詞的變化形式 例1 根據句意和單詞首字母提示填寫動詞 并注意其動詞的形式 1 CanyousEnglishsongs 2 Sheusuallygtoschoolat7 00 3 Look AmyiswTV 4 Icmyroomlastnight 解析 本題考查動詞基本形式的寫法和用法 在做此題時 不僅要考慮主語的人稱 還要注意句子的時態(tài) 這樣才能根據句意和首字母提示填寫出動詞的正確形式 第1小題應填寫動詞原形sing 因為情態(tài)動詞can后要加動詞原形 第2小題的主語是第三人稱 句子又是陳述習慣性的動作 謂語動詞應使用第三人稱單數形式goes 第3小題中的look一詞提示了本題要用現在進行時 所以要用現在分詞watching 第4題由lastnight這一時間狀語可知本題要用一般過去時 所以謂語動詞應填過去式cleaned 答案 1 sing2 goes3 watching4 cleaned 舉一反三用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1 Thecat run aroundthetree 2 Theyare clean theirclassroom 3 I have acoldlastweek 4 Don t talk loudlyinthelibrary 5 Mymother make abigcakelastmonth 6 What do shedolastnight 7 Myauntoften go shoppingonSundays 8 Sarah buy aredbagyesterday runs cleaning had talk made did goes bought 考點2考查助動詞 be動詞的使用 例2 選擇適當的助動詞填空 1 HenotdohomeworkonFridayevening 2 youhavecrayons 3 TomnotreadEnglishthismorning 解析 本題考查學生對助動詞do的三種形式的正確運用 第1小題中onFridayevening是常態(tài) 用一般現在時 而主語he是三單形式 所以用一般現在時的三單形式does 第2小題you是非三單形式 用do 第3小題中thismorning表示過去的時間 且過去式不受人稱影響 故用did 答案 1 does2 Do3 did 舉一反三1 用be動詞的適當形式填空 1 I inGradeSixthisyear Lastyear I inGradeFive 2 There manytallbuildingsherenow Twentyyearsago there somesmallhouses 3 MikeandJack twinbrothers Theylookthesame 4 Iwantto ateacherinthefuture 2 用所給單詞的適當形式填空 1 will youlikesometea 2 do hewatchTVlastnight am was are were are be Would Did 考點3考查情態(tài)動詞的使用 例3 單項填空 He readthebooknow A iscanB cansC can解析 本題考查情態(tài)動詞的正確使用 情態(tài)動詞can的用法很容易混淆 can和be動詞或其他的助動詞不能同時出現在句中 can不受人稱的影響 故不存在cans的形式 在本題中還要分析清楚 now不表示現在進行時 答案 C 舉一反三1 選詞填空 1 Iuseyourpen 2 What Idothen 3 You beamiddleschoolstudent 4 We dosomethingforGrandpaLi 5 wegonow Shall May Can should must can 2 按要求完成下列各題 1 IcanspeakChineseandEnglishwell 改成否定句 2 當你想提醒朋友 讓他周末要幫助媽媽做家務時 你可以說 3 你想告訴想要闖紅燈的人 紅燈必須停 你應該說 Youmuststopataredlight Ican tspeakChineseorEnglishwell Youshoulddosomehouseworkforyourmotheronweekends 考點4考查動詞的綜合運用 例4 用read的適當形式填空 1 Youcan read thebookinthelibrary 2 She read abooknow 3 CanI read thisbooknow 4 Myfather read newspaperseverymorning 5 Didyou read thecomicbook Yes I read ityesterday 解析 本題圍繞一個詞read展開 考查了不同時態(tài) 不同人稱情況下 實義動詞的用法 第1小題中can 原形動詞 第2小題now表示的是現在 體現現在進行時 she是三單形式 故而be 動詞的ing形式是本小題需要的答案 第3小題不管后面出現什么 can 原形動詞 第4小題everymorning體現一般現在時 而myfather是第三人稱 故而動詞要用三單形式 第5小題did之后加動詞原形 答句中用過去式形式 read的過去式和原形同形 答案 1 read2 isreading3 read4 reads5 read read 舉一反三1 用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1 We like music Nowwe sing 2 Let s go tothecinema 3 He is illyesterday 4 Canyou clean thetablenow 5 Doyou go totheparkonSaturdays like aresinging go was clean go 2 單項填空 1 Whatdidhe yesterday A doB doesC did 2 Heis withhisfriend A talkedB talkingC talks A B 3 Howishefeeling He better A feelsB isfeelC isfeeling 4 Whatareyoudoing I m dinner A cookB cooksC cooking 5 Don t TV A watchB watchingC watches A C A 過關檢測 一 按要求改寫下列單詞 1 have 第三人稱單數形式 2 do 現在分詞 3 slept 動詞原形 4 take 動詞過去式 has doing sleep took e 反義詞 6 wash 第三人稱單數形式 7 driver 動詞形式 8 write 動詞過去式 9 sit 動詞過去式 10 told 動詞原形 go washes drive wrote sat tell 二 選詞填空 將下列短文補充完整 MynameisSarah I1 anAmericangirlbutI2 inGuangzhouwithmyparentsnow Myfatherisateacher He3 English Helikes4 pictures Usuallymyfather5 toworkbycar butyesterdayhe6 bybus Mymotherisanurse She7 inabighospital Sheoften8 towork She9 playingbaseballverymuch Weoften10 ittogether am live teaches drawing goes went works walks likes play 三 用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1 be theseyourshoes 2 Ican play footballeveryday 3 Iwantto buy someflowersformymother 4 Listen Whois sing overthere 5 He do morningexerciseseverymorning 6 yourmother wash theclotheseveryday 7 He notteach Englishinourschool 8 He leave hishomeworkathomethismorning Are play buy singing does wash Does doesn tteach left 9 Where be thetwinslastnight 10 CanI watch TVnow 11 Myfatherlikes collect stamps 12 Joe saunt work inafactorylastyear 13 Weshould help eachother 14 Thesun rise intheeast 15 No smoke 16 have thisorange please 17 She stay athometoday 18 Jackisgoodat run andheis run ontheplaygroundnow were watch collecting worked help rises smoking Have stays running running 四 用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空 1 Lasttermwe have eightsubjects Weall study veryhard 2 They go totheparknextFriday 3 It s10 00inthemorning Thepupils have lessonsintheclassroomsnow had studied willgo aregoing arehaving 4 Mymother go shoppinginthemorningand take exerciseintheafternooneveryday 5 It be alwaysrainyandfoggylastweekend butthisweekit be much good 6 Mybrotherandmysister benot inChinalastyear They go toEnglandto study English goes takes was is better weren t went study 7 Listen Who sing Oh thisisMissGreen Shealways sing and dance inthemusicroomafterschool NextMondayshe sing forusinclass 8 yourfriends come toyourbirthdaypartyyesterday Yes andthey give mealotofbirthdaypresents issinging sings dances will isgoingtosing Did come gave 五 單項填空 1 CanI yourbike Sure A rideB ridingC toride 2 Myfather anewcar He itverymuch A have likeB has likesC has like A B 3 heoften hishomeworkatschool A Does doB Does doesC Do does 4 Whatisshedoing She A singsB willdanceC istidyingherroom 5 Iwanttogo A swimB toswimmingC swimming A C C 6 Thesun downinthewest A goB isgoingtoC goes 7 Maryoftenhelpshermum thedishes A doesB doC doing 8 Ienjoy tomusic A listenB listeningC listened C B B 9 Father onhiscoatandwentout A putsB putC putting 10 I totheteacher butIdidn t him A listen heardB listened heardC listened hear 11 He afterhefinisheshishomework A playsB isgoingtoplayC played B C B 12 What you lastweekend A will doB does doC did do 13 Tony toschoolbybikelastyear A goesB wentC willgo 14 MrSmith toseeyouinanhour A cameB comesC willcome C B C 15 Howsoon they backfromwork A do comeB did comeC will come 16 We TVathomethistimeyesterdayafternoon A werewatchingB watchC wouldwatch 17 Where youthismorning I atameeting A were wasB are amC do am C A A 18 MyfriendPeter verywell A swimB runningC sings 19 LiLei likefish buthissister A don t doB doesn t doesC isn t is 20 Don t inclass Let s totheteacher A talking listeningB talks listensC talk listen C B C 六 按要求完成下列句子 1 Jennywillbeadoctorinthefuture 改為一般疑問句 2 Hedidhishomeworklastnight 改為一般疑問句 并作肯定回答 WillJennybeadoctorinthefuture Didhedohishomeworklastnight Yes hedid 3 Heis 就畫線部分提問 4 Sarahcanswim 改為否定句 5 MyfriendandIaregoingtoplaybaseballnextweek 用lastweek改寫 Whatishedoing listeningtomusic Sarahcan tswim MyfriendandIplayedbaseballlastweek