2020年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)語法 專題一 名詞試題

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1、專題一 名詞 學(xué)前自測（發(fā)現(xiàn)考點） ( )1. Not much of the ____ is surprising in Guangzhou Daily today. A. ideas B. news C. opinions D. articles ( )2. —Would you like something to drink? — ____, please. A. Two bottle of orange B. Two bottle of oranges C. Two bottles of orange D.

2、Two bottles of oranges ( )3. —I had ___ for breakfast this morning. What about you, Lily? —Just a piece of bread. A. some noodles B. a few noodle C. a little noodle D. a noodle ( )4. When we are in trouble, we need to get ___ from others. A. many money

3、B. some advice C. many help D. some chances ( )5. Green represents ____ and nature. When you feel weak, you can wear green. A. sadness B. purity C. joy D. energy ( )6. Mickey is one of the most famous ____ in American _____. A. symbol; culture

4、 B. symbol; cultures C. symbols; culture D. symbols; cultures ( )7. Spring is Tom’s favourite ____. He likes warm weather. A. holiday B. season C. fruit D. drink ( )8. In autumn there are a lot of ____ on the ground. A. leaf B. leafs C. l

5、eaves D. leave ( )9. Look! You can see many ___ in the pool. And here is some ___ for you to keep them. A. fish; suggestion B. fishes; advices C. fish; advice D. fishes; suggestion ( )10. ___ Day is coming. I will buy some ____for Miss Wu. A.

6、 Teacher's; flower B. Teachers'; flowers C. Teachers'; flower D. Teacher's; flowers 常考考點知識清單（研習(xí)考點） 考點一 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1. 規(guī)則變化 情況 構(gòu)成方法 例詞 一般情況 加-s pen—pens; doctor—doctors; map—maps 以 s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾 加-es bus—buses; box—boxes; watch—watches; brush—brushes 以輔音字母加 y

7、結(jié)尾 將 y 變?yōu)?I 再加-es factory—factories; family—families 情況 構(gòu)成方法 例詞 以元音字母加 y 結(jié)尾 只加-s boy—boys; day—days 以 o 結(jié)尾 有生命的加-es Negro—Negroes; hero—heroes; potato—potatoes; tomato—tomatoes巧記:黑人英雄喜歡吃土豆和西紅柿。 (兩人兩菜) 無生命的加-s photo—photos; radio—radios; piano—pianos 情況 構(gòu)成方法 例詞 以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾 將 f 或

8、fe 變?yōu)?v 再加-es wife—wives; thief—thieves; shelf—shelves; knife—knives; wolf— wolves; half—halves; leaf—leaves; life—lives 巧記:妻見小偷架下藏,手拿小刀想殺狼,誰知落下半片葉,砸在頭上一命亡。 加-s roof—roofs 2. 不規(guī)則變化 (1) man—men; woman—women; child—children; foot—feet; tooth—teeth; goose—geese; mouse—mice (2) 單復(fù)數(shù)相同:sheep

9、—sheep; deer—deer; fish—fish 注意:fish 強調(diào)魚的條數(shù)的時候,單復(fù)數(shù)同形;強調(diào)魚的種類的時候,復(fù)數(shù)形式要加-es,即 fishes。 (3) 某國人變復(fù)數(shù)的歌訣:中日不變英法變,其余-s 加后面。 Chinese—Chinese; Japanese—Japanese; Englishman—Englishmen; American—Americans (4) 有些名詞本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:clothes; pants; trousers; jeans; shorts; glasses; people 等。 注意:people 當“人們”講時,

10、本身是復(fù)數(shù)形式;當“民族”講時,是單數(shù)形式,其復(fù)數(shù)要在末尾加-s。a people; 56 peoples 3. 復(fù)合名詞的數(shù) (1) 一般情況下把后面一個名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù),作定語的名詞不變。 a girl student—five girl students; an apple tree—ten apple trees (2) 由 man 和 woman 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時要把名詞和 man/ woman 同時變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。 a man doctor—three men doctors; a woman teacher—six women teachers (3) spor

11、t 作定語修飾其他名詞時,無論主題詞是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),sport 通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 a sports club; sports shoes 注意:時間名詞作定語有兩種形式: 兩天的假期 a two-day holiday 或 two days’ holiday 十分鐘的路程 a ten-minute ride 或 ten minutes’ ride 考點二 不可數(shù)名詞 1. 不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,前面不能用不定冠詞 a/ an 修飾,但可用 much, a lot of / lots of, plenty of, some, lit-tle, a little 等修飾。 作

12、主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 There is some tea in the cup. 茶杯里有些茶。 2. 不可數(shù)名詞還常用“數(shù)詞/ 不定冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。 a piece of paper 一張紙, two cups of tea 兩杯茶,a glass of water 一玻璃杯水,three bottles of pop 三瓶汽水。 作主語時,謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于 of 前面的量詞的數(shù)。 There are three glasses of orange juice on the table. 桌子上有三杯橙汁。 考點三 名詞所有格 1.

13、 ’s 所有格 情況 方法 例子 單數(shù)名詞 加 ’s my friend’s uncle 我朋友的叔叔 以 s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 加 ’ Teachers’ Day 教師節(jié) 不以 s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞 加 ’s Children's Day 兒童節(jié) 表示兩人共有 在最后一個名詞后加 ’s Lucy and Lily's mother 露西和莉莉的媽媽 表示各自所有 在各個名詞后加 ’s Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms 露西的房間和莉莉的房間 2. of 所有格 主要用于表示無生命事物的所有關(guān)系。 the name of th

14、e film 電影的名字 the cover of the book 書的封面 3. 雙重所有格 “名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞/ 名詞所有格”構(gòu)成雙重所有格形式。 a friend of hers 她的一個朋友 a friend of Mike's 邁克的一個朋友 考點四 專有名詞 專有名詞是指人、地方、團體、機構(gòu)等特有的名稱。 它的第一個字母必須大寫。專有名詞前一般不加冠詞。 1. 表示人名、尊稱和頭銜的專有名詞 Einstein 愛因斯坦 President Obama 奧巴馬總統(tǒng) Doctor Lin 林博士/ 林醫(yī)生 Queen Elizabet

15、h II 伊利莎白女王二世 Mr Brown 布朗先生 注意:人名的前面若有尊稱或頭銜,如 Mr (先生), President (總統(tǒng))等時,其第一個字母也要大寫。 2. 表示國名、地名、山河名的專有名詞 Korea 韓國 Paris 巴黎 Pacific Ocean 太平洋 Mississippi 密西西比河 Mt. Qomolangma 珠穆朗瑪峰 3. 表示團體、機構(gòu)和報刊的專有名詞 Museum of Postal History 郵政博物館 China Daily 中國日報 Sydney Oper

16、a House 悉尼歌劇院 Harvard University 哈佛大學(xué) 4. 表示星期、月份和節(jié)日的專有名詞 Monday 星期一 March 三月 National Day 國慶節(jié) 5. 由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞 the North Pole 北極 the River Nile 尼羅河 the Forbidden City 紫禁城 the Bund 上海外灘 the Great Wall 長城 the Temple of Heaven 天壇 the Whit

17、e House 白宮 the Terracotta Warriors 兵馬俑 the People’s Republic of China 中華人民共和國 注意:上面列舉的由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前要用定冠詞“the”,但它的首字母不大寫。 鞏固訓(xùn)練（夯實基礎(chǔ)） 一、單項選擇 ( )1. —May I help you? —Yes, I'd like to have 20 ____. I need them to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pi

18、eces of papers D. piece of papers ( )2. —How does the old man make a ___ on the farm? —He raises many . A. life; duck B. living; horse C. life; bird D. living; sheep ( )3. —Can I help you? —I'd like ____ for twin daughters. A. two

19、pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes ( )4. —Kate, what's in the big bowl? —A few _____ and a little . A. pear; water B. pears; waters C. pear; waters D. pears; water ( )5. —The two cities

20、have reached an ____ to develop science and technology. —That's great! A. education B. excitement C. agreement D. invitation ( )6. —Look, my shirt is the same as your ____. —So it is. A. brother B. sisters C. brothers

21、 D. brother's ( )7. Recently people care more about the safety of ____. Everyone wants to eat healthily. A. foods B. clothes C. buildings D. water ( )8. In our school, the number of women teachers ____ becoming larger and larger. A. is B. are

22、 C. be D. been ( )9. —There are twenty ____ in our school. —Yes, and they work very hard. A. man teacher B. man teachers C. men teachers D. men teacher ( )10. —I saw lots of _____ in the hall. —And there were several _____ in it, too. A. A

23、merican; Japanese B. Americans; Japanese C. American; Japaneses D. Americans; Japaneses 二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空 1.We played a joke on Jim on April ______ (Fool) Day. 2. There are many __________ (Frenchman) visiting this place. 3. Mr Green is a businessman and he runs four ______ (

24、factory). 4. It is a _______ (please) for me to stay with you. 5. Our school will have a ______ (sport) meeting next weekend. 6. It’s _______ (Lucy) book. Please give it to her. 7. I took a lot of ______ (photo) in Hong Kong Disneyland. 8. Thanks for giving me so much __________ (information).

25、 9. It’s five ________(minute) walk from here to my home. 10. What’s the ______ (long) of this river? 答案： 學(xué)前自測 1-5 BCABD 6-10 CBCCB 鞏固訓(xùn)練 一、 1-5 BDDDC 6-10 DAACB 二、 1. Fool’s 2. Frenchmen 3. factories 4. pleasure 5. sports 6. Lucy’s 7. photos 8. information 9. minutes’ 10. length 7