高中英語(yǔ)常用短語(yǔ)及句型歸納.doc
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高中英語(yǔ)常用短語(yǔ)及句型歸納 1.高考高頻動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) (1)act短語(yǔ): act as 擔(dān)任……職務(wù),起……作用 act for 代理(某人職務(wù)),代為(處理某事) act out 表演(對(duì)話、故事等) act up 搗亂,出毛病 (2)break短語(yǔ): break away 擺脫,脫離 break away from … 脫離……,奮力掙脫…… break down 出故障,壞掉,中止,累垮,分解 break in 打斷,插話,闖入,強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入 break into … 闖入……,破門(mén)而入 break (sth) off (使某物)折斷,中斷某事物,突然停止 break out (戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi))突然發(fā)生,爆發(fā) break out in tears 突然大哭 break the rule 違反規(guī)定 break through 突圍,沖跨 break up 分解,分裂,拆散,碎開(kāi) (3)bring短語(yǔ): bring about 引起,導(dǎo)致,使發(fā)生 bring along 把……帶來(lái),領(lǐng)來(lái) bring back 拿回來(lái),使恢復(fù) bring sb back 送回某人 bring sth / sb back to life 使……生動(dòng)/活潑,使……蘇醒 (比較:sth / sb come back to life 復(fù)蘇,蘇醒) bring down 使……降低,減少,使……倒下,使……落下 bring down / up (the price) 降價(jià)/提價(jià) [比較: (the price ) go down / up 價(jià)格下降 /上漲] bring in 引進(jìn)(技術(shù)),賺錢(qián),帶來(lái)(收入),吸收 bring on 發(fā)展,引起,導(dǎo)致,使前進(jìn) bring out 拿出,出版,生產(chǎn),揭露,闡明,使表現(xiàn)出 bring to 使蘇醒 bring … to use = put …to use 對(duì)……加以利用 bring / carry sth to / into effect 實(shí)施……(比較:sth come / go into effect 開(kāi)始實(shí)施) bring up 撫養(yǎng),培養(yǎng),哺育 (4)call短語(yǔ): call at (sp) 訪問(wèn)(某地),拜訪(某地) [比較:call on (sb) 拜訪(某人),訪問(wèn)(某人)] call back 回電話 call for 提倡,號(hào)召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人 call / shout for help 呼救 call in 請(qǐng)來(lái),召集,來(lái)訪,打電話 call off 取消 call on / upon 號(hào)召 call out 大聲呼喊,叫喊 call sb…for short 簡(jiǎn)稱某人…… call sb names 謾罵某人 call up 給……打電話,使人想起,號(hào)召 (5)come短語(yǔ): come about 發(fā)生,產(chǎn)生 come across 偶然相遇 come along 來(lái),隨同,進(jìn)展,加油 come at … 向……襲擊 come back 回來(lái),想起來(lái),復(fù)活 come down 下來(lái),下落,傳下 come down to… 到達(dá),從一處來(lái)到另一處 come for… 來(lái)拿,來(lái)取 come from… 來(lái)自,出生于 come in 進(jìn)來(lái),進(jìn)入 come into being 形成,產(chǎn)生 come into use 使用起來(lái) come off 脫落,從……離開(kāi) come on 過(guò)來(lái),跟我來(lái),加油,來(lái)吧,趕快 come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇見(jiàn),偶然碰上,偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) come out 露出,出來(lái),出現(xiàn),出版,發(fā)(芽),(花)開(kāi) come over to… 過(guò)來(lái),順便來(lái)訪,從一個(gè)地方來(lái)到另一個(gè)地方 come round / around (非正式)來(lái)訪,串門(mén) come to … 來(lái)到,出現(xiàn),提及,達(dá)到,共計(jì),結(jié)果是,蘇醒 come to an end 結(jié)束,終止 come to know 逐漸地知道 come to life (變得)活潑,蘇醒過(guò)來(lái) come to light 顯露,為人所知 come to oneself 蘇醒過(guò)來(lái),恢復(fù)知覺(jué) come to / into power 當(dāng)權(quán),上臺(tái) come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 變成廢墟 come to terms with… 甘心忍受 come true 變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí),成為事實(shí) come up 被提出,上來(lái),走來(lái),上升,抬頭,長(zhǎng)出來(lái) come up to sb 朝某人走來(lái) come up with … 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),趕上 (6)cut短語(yǔ): cut away 切除,剪去 cut down 砍倒,砍下,削減 cut in 插嘴,加塞,插入 cut in line 插隊(duì) cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成兩半 cut off 切斷(線路),中斷(供應(yīng)) cut out 刪除,剪下來(lái) cut the cost of … 降低……的成本 cut up 切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齊根切掉 (7)do短語(yǔ): do about 處理,應(yīng)付 do and don’t 要與不要 do a good deed 做一件好事 do a lot of walking 走很多路 do a test 做實(shí)驗(yàn),做化驗(yàn) do a word puzzle 猜字謎 do an experiment / experiments 做實(shí)驗(yàn) do away with 廢除 do body-building 做健身操 do chores 處理瑣事,干家務(wù) do housework 做家務(wù)活 do make-up 化妝,打扮 do observations 觀察 do one’s best 盡某人最大努力 do one’s homework 做作業(yè) do research on… 從事……研究工作 do sb a favour 幫某人一個(gè)忙 do sb honor = do honor to sb 禮遇某人,對(duì)某人表示敬意 do sb the favour to do sth 幫某人一個(gè)忙做某事 do some reading 讀書(shū),閱讀,看點(diǎn)書(shū) do some shopping = go shopping 購(gòu)物,買(mǎi)東西 do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 進(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng),做運(yùn)動(dòng),進(jìn)行鍛煉 do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 輪流做某事 do telephone interviews 進(jìn)行電話采訪 do the laundry 洗衣服 do up 打扮,梳妝,收拾,把(衣服,鞋子等)扣/系好 do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋帶/梳好頭 do up the button 扣紐扣 do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好 do with 處理,處置,對(duì)付 do wrong 做壞事,做錯(cuò)事(比較:do right = do the right thing 做得對(duì)) (8)get短語(yǔ): get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中國(guó) get a full mark / full marks 得滿分 get a lot of satisfaction 得到滿足 get at 意指,本意是 get around = get about 四處走動(dòng),活動(dòng) get away 移走,拿走,逃脫,逃離 get away from 逃脫,逃離 get back 回來(lái),回家,取回,找回,退還 get close to 接近 get down 下來(lái),降下 get down on one’s knees 跪下 get down to (doing) sth 開(kāi)始(做)某事) get in 進(jìn)入,收獲,達(dá)到 get in a word 插話 get into… 進(jìn)入…… get sb into… 使某人陷入 get it 接(電話),應(yīng)(門(mén)),理解,懂得 get off 下車,脫下(衣服等) get on 上車,過(guò)活 get on / along with… 進(jìn)展,與……相處 get on one’s feet (艱難地)站立起來(lái) get out 離開(kāi),出去 get out of 逃避,避免 get over 克服,恢復(fù),原諒 get up 起床,起身 get across 理解,度過(guò) get through 接通(電話),完成(工作),通過(guò)(考試) get to 到達(dá),抵達(dá) get to sleep 入睡,設(shè)法睡著 get / gain / take possession of 占有,擁有,占領(lǐng) get ready for 為……做準(zhǔn)備 (比較:be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 為……做好了準(zhǔn)備) get rid of 除掉,去掉 get sb to do 讓某人做 get the idea for… 想到……的主意 get the message across 傳播信息 get together 相聚,碰頭,聯(lián)歡 get / be used to sth 習(xí)慣于……,適應(yīng)于…… (比較:be used as sth 被用作…… be used for sth 被用于……,用來(lái)做…… be used to do sth 被用于做…… used to do sth 過(guò)去常常做) get / be dressed 穿衣服 get / be engaged (to sb) (與某人)訂婚 get / be lost 丟失了,迷路 get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) (與某人)結(jié)婚 get / be stuck 陷進(jìn)去,被困住,被難住,遇到困難 get / be tired of 對(duì)……感到厭倦,對(duì)……失去興趣 (比較:get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦) (9)give短語(yǔ): give away 贈(zèng)送,給予,背棄,泄露,分發(fā) give back 歸還,送回 give in 投降,讓步,屈服 give off 釋放,發(fā)出,放出 (煙、光、熱等) give out 用完,耗盡,分發(fā),發(fā)放 give over = hand over 轉(zhuǎn)交,移交 give up 放棄,辭去 give a concert 開(kāi)音樂(lè)會(huì) give a description of… 描述…… give / make a speech 演講,講話 give a talk 演講,做報(bào)告 give birth to 生嬰兒,生產(chǎn),造成 give close attention to 密切關(guān)注 give medical care to sb 對(duì)某人進(jìn)行治療 give shade in summer 夏天時(shí)遮陽(yáng) give / lend sb a hand 給某人幫助 give sb a message = give a message to sb 給某人捎個(gè)口信 give sb a second look 再看某人一眼 give sb a warm welcome 熱烈歡迎某人 give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建議/忠告 (10)go短語(yǔ): go abroad 出國(guó) go about 四處走走,開(kāi)始做,著手干 go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜訪 go against 違反,違背 go ahead 說(shuō)吧,干吧,領(lǐng)先,走在前面 go / walk around 四處走走 go away 走開(kāi),離去 go back 回去 go beyond 超越 go by 走過(guò),經(jīng)過(guò),(時(shí)間)消逝,過(guò)去 go down 下來(lái),落下,倒下 go down on one’s knees 跪下 go for 為……去,努力獲取,主張,適用于 go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行 go for a job interview 去面試找工作 go for a walk / walks 散步 go for sb 對(duì)某人也一樣 go in for 參加,喜歡 go into 詳細(xì)調(diào)查 go into details 細(xì)說(shuō) go off 走開(kāi),離去,(鬧鐘)鬧響 go off to = be off to = leave for 動(dòng)身去 go off the air 停止廣播(比較:go on the air 開(kāi)始廣播) go on 發(fā)生,進(jìn)行,繼續(xù) go / be on diet 在節(jié)食 go on (a) holiday 去度假 go on a tour to 去……觀光(游覽) go on a visit to 去……訪問(wèn)(參觀) go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(同一事) [比較:go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事(另一事) go on with sth 繼續(xù)某事] go out 熄滅,出去 ,外出 go over 復(fù)習(xí),過(guò)一遍,仔細(xì)檢查,審閱 go past 從……的旁邊過(guò)去 go up 上升,上漲,增長(zhǎng),攀登 go with… 與……相配 go without 忍受沒(méi)有……之苦,沒(méi)有……也行,沒(méi)有……也能勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付 go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去購(gòu)物/釣魚(yú)/駕船航行/宿營(yíng)/滑冰 go straight along 沿著……一直往前走 go through 通過(guò),經(jīng)受,瀏覽,仔細(xì)檢查 go through with 完成 go to bed (上床)睡覺(jué) go to school / work 上學(xué)/上班 go to sea 當(dāng)水手 go to sleep 入睡 go to town 進(jìn)城 go to a movie 去看電影 go to the country(side) 下鄉(xiāng) go home / there 回家/去那兒 go to see a doctor 去看病,去看醫(yī)生 go bad 變壞 go wrong 出毛病,不對(duì)頭,做錯(cuò)事,誤入歧途 go Dutch 各付各的帳,平攤費(fèi)用 (11)have短語(yǔ): have a break 休息一下 have a bright future 有一個(gè)燦爛的未來(lái) have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/頭疼/發(fā)燒 have a conversation with sb 與某人交談 [比較:have a dialogue with sb 與某人對(duì)話 have a talk with sb (about sth) (就某事)與某人進(jìn)行交流 have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人談幾句,跟某人說(shuō)句話] have a gift for… 對(duì)……有天賦(比較:have a reputation for… 有……名譽(yù)/名聲) have a good flight (坐飛機(jī))旅途愉快 have a good knowledge of … 對(duì)……很熟悉,通曉…… have a good laugh over… 對(duì)……笑了個(gè)夠 have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得(非常)高興,過(guò)得愉快 have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of… 有……的習(xí)慣 (比較:get into / form the habit of… 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣 get sb into the habit of… 使某人養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣) have a hit 風(fēng)靡一時(shí) have a large population 人口眾多 have / take a look 看一看 have a meeting / party 開(kāi)會(huì)/舉行晚會(huì) have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快 have (got ) a pain (in the…) (身體某部位)痛 have a part-time job 做兼職工作 have a (good) rest 休息 have / take a seat 坐下(比較:have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位) have a stomachache 胃疼,肚子疼 have a sweet tooth 喜歡吃甜食 have a swim 游泳 have a table tennis match 舉行一場(chǎng)乒乓球比賽 have a test 進(jìn)行測(cè)驗(yàn) have a try 試一試 have / show an appetite for… 有……的欲望或愛(ài)好 have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有預(yù)約, 和某人有約定 have an effect on / upon… 對(duì)……有影響,對(duì)……產(chǎn)生作用 (比較:influence… = affect … 對(duì)……有影響 have no effect / influence on … 對(duì)……沒(méi)有影響 have a good / bad effect on … 對(duì)……有好/壞影響 have a great / little effect on … 對(duì)……有很大的影響/影響不大 have a strong influence on… 對(duì)……有很大影響) have / take an exam 參加考試 have an eye for 有眼力,有眼光 have an income of … 有……的收入 have access to … 使用(接近……的)權(quán)利或機(jī)會(huì) have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早飯/午飯/晚飯 have lessons / classes 上課 have mercy on… 寬恕……,對(duì)……仁慈,對(duì)……表示憐憫 have no chance of surviving 沒(méi)有生存的可能性 have no choice but to do sth 別無(wú)選擇,只好做某事 have none of … 根本不理睬…… have on 穿著 have sth on sb 某人身上帶著某物 have / take one’s medicine 服藥,吃藥 have some difficulty / trouble / problems with … 在……有困難/麻煩事 [比較:have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困難/麻煩] have something / nothing in common (with…) (與……)有共同點(diǎn)/沒(méi)有共同之處 (比較:have much / a lot in common with… 與……有許多相同之處 have little in common with… 與……幾乎沒(méi)有相同之處) have something / nothing to do with … 與……有關(guān)/無(wú)關(guān) have to = have got to 不得不,必須 (12)hold短語(yǔ): hold a meeting / party 開(kāi)會(huì)/舉行晚會(huì) hold back 退縮,躊躇,阻擋,控制住 hold one’s breath 屏息,不出氣 hold on 等一等,不要掛電話 hold on to 抓住,保住 hold out 伸出,堅(jiān)持下去,維持 hold up 阻擋,使停頓,舉起,拿起,阻滯 hold together 連在一起,團(tuán)結(jié)一致 (13)keep短語(yǔ): keep away from 避開(kāi),別靠近 keep back 隱瞞,忍住,阻止……向前,留下 keep down 控制 keep off 勿踏,勿踩 keep off sb / sth 不接觸或不接近某人/某事物 keep on 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 keep out 不得入內(nèi) keep…out 把……擋住,把……留在外面 keep out of … 不進(jìn)入…… keep up 繼續(xù),保持,堅(jiān)持,使(情緒等)不低落 keep up with… = catch up with… 跟上,趕上 keep a date 赴約 keep a healthy diet 保持健康的飲食 keep a record / records 保持記錄 keep an eye on 注視,留心,注意,照顧 (比較:keep an eye out for 注視,留心,注意) keep busy doing 忙著做某事 keep fit 保持健康 keep…in mind = learn…by heart = remember… 把……記住 keep (on) doing sth 繼續(xù)不停地做某事 [比較:keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/繼續(xù)做某事 keep … from doing 阻止……做,不讓……做 stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨礙/預(yù)防/阻止……做,不讓……做] keep one’s appointment 守約(比較:break one’s appointment 違約) keep one’s balance 保持平衡 keep one’s word(s) 遵守諾言 keep safe 保持安全 keep silent over … 對(duì)……保持沉默 keep the same look 保持原貌 keep watch 保持警戒,站崗 (14)knock短語(yǔ): knock at /on 敲打(門(mén)、窗等) knock down 把……撞倒,擊倒 knock into 撞到,撞上某人,偶然碰見(jiàn) knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人 knock over 撞翻,撞倒 (15)look短語(yǔ): look at 看著,注視,檢查 look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照鏡子 look after 照顧,照料,照看 look ahead 向前看,展望未來(lái) look around / about 四處看看,四下環(huán)顧 look back 回首,回憶,回顧過(guò)去 look back on… 回顧……,回憶…… look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望,期盼某事物/做某事 look for 尋找,找 look in 來(lái)訪,參觀 look into… 往……里面看,瀏覽,調(diào)查,研究 look (right) into sb’s eyes 直視著 look like… 看起來(lái)像…… (比較:look the same 看起來(lái)像) look on 旁觀,觀望 look out = be careful = take care 留神,當(dāng)心,注意,警惕,提防 look out for 警惕,留心,找出來(lái) look over… 翻閱,(仔細(xì))檢查 look through 看透,仔細(xì)查看,瀏覽,翻閱,溫習(xí) look up 仰視,往上看,(在字典或參考書(shū)中)查閱,查尋 look up to sb 敬仰,仰望,尊敬(比較:look down on / upon sb 瞧不起,鄙視,輕視) look / be worried 看上去/感到擔(dān)心 (16)make短語(yǔ): make into 制成,作成(后面跟產(chǎn)品,制成品) [比較:be made in 在……生產(chǎn)/制造 be made of 由……組成/構(gòu)成,用某種原材料制成(物理變化) be made from 由……組成/構(gòu)成,用某種原材料制成(化學(xué)變化) be made up of = consist of 由……組成,由……構(gòu)成] make out 理解,看清楚 make up 化妝,打扮,和解,配制,編造,虛構(gòu),構(gòu)成,組成 make up for 彌補(bǔ),補(bǔ)充,補(bǔ)償 made up one’s mind 下決心 make a choice 做出選擇 make a commitment 承諾,保證 make a comment / comments (on / upon…) (對(duì)……)發(fā)表評(píng)論 make a (great) contribution to… 為……做出(巨大)貢獻(xiàn),為……捐款 make a decision 做出決定 make a (no) difference (沒(méi))有關(guān)系/影響 make a face / faces 扮鬼臉 make a fire 生火 make a film / blockbuster/follow-ups 拍電影/巨片/續(xù)集 make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人(比較:make fool of … 愚弄) make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) (給某人)留下好印象 make a mistake / mistakes 犯錯(cuò)誤 make (a) noise 制造噪音,發(fā)出令人不愉快的聲音 make a note / notes of… 記錄,做筆記 ,記下來(lái) make a plan (for… ) (為……)制訂計(jì)劃,制訂一個(gè)(……的)計(jì)劃 make a point of doing sth 認(rèn)為做某事重要或有必要 make a promise 承諾 make a record 錄制唱片,做記錄 (比較:record a song 錄一首歌 set a world record 創(chuàng)造世界記錄) make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出(關(guān)于……)的建議 make a telephone call 打電話 make / take a trip / journey to … 去某地旅行 make conversation 交談 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵 make friends with sb 與某人交朋友 make fun of… 取笑,嘲笑,和……開(kāi)玩笑 make it(事業(yè)上)獲得成功 make jokes about sb 拿某人開(kāi)玩笑,以某人為笑柄 make mistake about… 犯了……錯(cuò)誤 make / earn money 掙錢(qián) make oneself at home 不拘束,別客氣 make oneself known 使/讓自己出名 make one’s way to… 往……走去 make progress (in …) (在……方面)取得進(jìn)步 make sense 有意義,有道理,講得通 make sense of… 弄懂……的意思 make sth to (one’s own) measure (按自己的尺寸)定做 make sure 確保,確認(rèn),查明 make the adjustment to… 適應(yīng)…… make the / one’s bed 整理床鋪 make (full) use of …= make the most / best of … (充分)利用 (17)pass短語(yǔ): pass away 去世,死(委婉說(shuō)法) pass by 通過(guò),從旁邊經(jīng)過(guò) pass down 傳下來(lái),流傳,使世代相傳 ,一代一代傳下去 pass on (to sb) 轉(zhuǎn)交給(某人),傳給(某人) pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流傳下來(lái) pass out 失去知覺(jué),昏厥 pass through 穿過(guò),越過(guò) pass sth from one to another 把某事物從一人傳到另一人手上 pass the examination 通過(guò)考試 (18)pay短語(yǔ): pay attention to … 對(duì)……注意,留心…… pay a visit to sb / a place 訪問(wèn),拜訪(某人),參觀(某地) pay back 償還(借款),報(bào)答,報(bào)復(fù) pay for 付款,付費(fèi),付代價(jià) (比較:pay a high price for … 付高價(jià)) pay off 還清(欠款) pay sb a visit 拜訪某人 pay the bill 買(mǎi)單,付帳單 (19)pick短語(yǔ): pick out 挑選,認(rèn)出 pick up 拾起,接收,學(xué)會(huì)(語(yǔ)言),開(kāi)車去接,康復(fù),購(gòu)買(mǎi)(便宜商品) (20)put短語(yǔ): put away 將某物收拾起來(lái),存錢(qián),儲(chǔ)存,存起來(lái) put down 撲滅,平息,鎮(zhèn)壓,記下 put forward 提出,建議,推薦 put off 延期,拖延 put on (戲)上演,放(唱片),穿戴 put on a performance 演出 put out 撲滅,熄滅,使……停止燃燒,伸出,出版,生產(chǎn) put up 掛起,張貼,舉起,抬起,搭起,建立 put up with 忍受,容忍 put into 使進(jìn)入,輸入,投入 put/translate…into 把……譯成 put one’s heart into… 全神貫注于…… put sb in / into prison 把某人關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 put …to use 使用……,運(yùn)用…… put a date to sth 注明日期 (比較:set / fix the date 確定日期 to date 到目前為止) put an end to … 結(jié)束…… put …together 把……放在一起 (21)send短語(yǔ): send away 讓走開(kāi) send for sb 派人去請(qǐng)某人,請(qǐng)某人來(lái) send in 寄送某處進(jìn)行處理 send out 派遣,發(fā)出(信號(hào)、通知等) send up 發(fā)射,射出,往上送 send sb to sleep 讓某人睡覺(jué) send signals by … 通過(guò)……發(fā)送信號(hào) (22)set短語(yǔ): set about (doing) sth 著手,開(kāi)始 set aside 留出,擱/放在一邊 set down 放下,記下 set off 出發(fā),起程,引起爆炸,激起,引起 set out (for…) 出發(fā)往(……),動(dòng)身去(……) set out to do 開(kāi)始做,著手做 set up 創(chuàng)立,設(shè)立,開(kāi)辦,豎起,支起 set /give a (good) example to… 為……樹(shù)立(好)榜樣 set a goal 設(shè)定目標(biāo) set fire to sth = set sth on fire 縱火,放火燒 set foot on / in… 踏上……,到達(dá),進(jìn)入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做 set sail for 起航去…… set sail from 從……起航 set sb a good example in … 在……為某人樹(shù)立榜樣 set sb free 釋放某人,解放某人 (23)stand短語(yǔ): stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人 stand for 代表,表示,象征,容忍,支持/擁護(hù),為……的候選人 stand out 突出,顯眼 stand up 起立,站起來(lái) stand still = stay still 站著不動(dòng) (24)take短語(yǔ): take after 與某人相像 take along 帶領(lǐng),攜帶 take … apart = separate … 把……分開(kāi) take away 拿走,拿去,使離開(kāi) take away from… 從……帶/拿走 take back 退回,拿回,收回 take down 拿下,記下,記錄 take for… 當(dāng)作……,誤以為是…… take in 吸收,接納,上當(dāng) take off (飛機(jī))起飛,脫掉(衣帽/鞋),成名,成功,很快上升,開(kāi)始流行/暢銷 take on 呈現(xiàn) take out 拿出,取出 take over 繼承,接管,接替 take up 從事,開(kāi)始,專注于,占去(時(shí)間、空間、地位等) take a bank loan 向銀行貸款 take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰運(yùn)氣,冒險(xiǎn) take a critical attitude towards… 對(duì)……持批判態(tài)度 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸 take / have a degree in … 取得……學(xué)位 take a hands-on approach to education 通過(guò)動(dòng)手實(shí)踐的方式來(lái)進(jìn)行接受教育 take a message (to sb) (給某人)捎個(gè)口信 比較:leave a message (to sb) (給某人)留個(gè)口信 take a photo (of …) (給……)照相,拍(……)照片 take a risk / risks 冒險(xiǎn) take a shower 沐浴,洗澡 take a sip 呡一小口 take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租車 take a walk / ride / holiday 散步/兜風(fēng)/休假 take (an) interest in … 對(duì)……感興趣 (比較:be into = be interested in 對(duì)……感興趣 have / show interest in 對(duì)……感興趣) take advantage of 對(duì)……加以利用 take … by surprise 對(duì)……突然襲擊,出乎……意料 take care 小心, 注意 take care of 照顧,照看 take effect 生效,奏效 take exercise 運(yùn)動(dòng),活動(dòng) take … for example 以……為例 take / get / catch hold of 握住,抓住 take it easy 放心好了,別著急,從容,不緊張 take ... into consideration 顧及,考慮到,體諒 (比較:under consideration 在考慮中,在研究中) take lessons 上課 take notes 做筆記,做記錄 take notice of 注意 take one’s seat 就座,坐在自己位子上(轉(zhuǎn)義為就職) take one’s time 從容,不急,慢慢行動(dòng) [比較:take time 花費(fèi)(時(shí)間)] take part 參加 (比較:take part in… = join in… = participate in… 參加…… take an active part in… 積極參加……) take place 發(fā)生,出現(xiàn),舉行 [比較:take the place of … = take sb’s place 取代,代替(某人的位置)] take pride in …= be proud of… 對(duì)……感到自豪 take responsibility for … = be responsible for … 對(duì)……負(fù)起責(zé)任 take sb in the arms 擁抱,摟抱 take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虜某人 (比較:sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虜) take sb seriously 看重某人 take sb some time to do sth 花費(fèi)某人……時(shí)間去做某事 take sb’s temperature 給某人量體溫 take sth along with sb 隨身攜帶某物 take shelter 躲避 take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人 take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事,采?。ā模┬袆?dòng) take turns to do sth / in doing sth 輪流做某事 (25)think短語(yǔ): think about 思考,考慮(是否去做) think of 想到,想起,認(rèn)為,對(duì)……有看法/想法 think out 想出 think over 仔細(xì)考慮 think through… 思考……直到得出結(jié)論 think up 提出,想出,設(shè)計(jì)出 think twice 再三考慮,仔細(xì)考慮 think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 對(duì)……高度評(píng)價(jià) (26)turn短語(yǔ): turn against 轉(zhuǎn)而反對(duì),背叛 turn around / round 轉(zhuǎn)身,轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái) turn … away 趕走……,辭退……,把……打發(fā)走 turn on 打開(kāi)(燈,氣,水,電器等) turn off 關(guān)掉(燈,氣,水,電器等) turn up 把音量開(kāi)大,卷起,翻起,發(fā)生,出現(xiàn),到達(dá) turn down 關(guān)小/調(diào)低(音量/熱度),拒絕 turn over 把……翻過(guò)來(lái),翻動(dòng),犁翻(土地),細(xì)想 turn in 交進(jìn),上繳,歸還 turn into 變成 turn…into… 把……變成……,轉(zhuǎn)變成 turn to… 轉(zhuǎn)向……,向……求助,查閱 turn out 結(jié)果是,生產(chǎn) turn out to be 被證明是, 結(jié)果是 turn right / left 向右/向左拐 turn writer = become a writer 成為作家 2.以介詞或副詞為中心的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(便于強(qiáng)化記憶) (l)動(dòng)詞+about speak/talk about 談?wù)? think about 思考 care about 關(guān)心,對(duì)……有興趣 bring about 引起,使發(fā)生 set about 著手,開(kāi)始 come about 發(fā)生 hear about 聽(tīng)說(shuō) worry about 為……擔(dān)心 (2)動(dòng)詞+at aim at 向……瞄準(zhǔn),旨在 run at 沖向,向……攻擊 call at 拜訪(地點(diǎn)) tear at 用力撕 look at 看,注視 work at 干……活動(dòng)(研究) come at 向……襲擊 shout at 沖(某人)嚷嚷 stare at 凝視 glare at 怒視 glance at 匆匆一瞥 laugh at 嘲笑 knock at 敲(門(mén)、窗等) point at 指向 smile at 沖(某人)笑 strike at 向……打擊 shoot at 向……射擊 wonder at 驚訝 (3)動(dòng)詞+away die away 逐漸消失 put away 收拾起來(lái),存起來(lái) pass away 去世 wash away 沖走 take away 拿走 give away 背棄,泄漏 send away 讓走開(kāi) turn away 把……打發(fā)走 wear away 磨掉,消耗 throw away 扔掉 blow away 吹走 carry away 拿走,使入迷 clear away 清除掉,消散 break away 擺脫 (4)動(dòng)詞+back keep back 隱瞞,忍住 hold back 控制住 give back 歸還 call back 回電話 take back 拿回,收回 look back(on) 回顧 (5)動(dòng)詞+down cut down 削減,砍倒 put down 記下,寫(xiě)下,鎮(zhèn)壓 take down 記下,記錄 turn down 調(diào)小,拒絕 slow down 慢下來(lái) pass down 傳下來(lái) calm down 平靜下來(lái) burn down 燒毀 tear down 拆毀,拆除 come down 下落,傳下 break down 壞了,垮了,分解 bring down 使……降低,使倒下 settle down 安家 (6)動(dòng)詞+from die from 因……而死 hear from 收到……來(lái)信 learn from 向……學(xué)習(xí) differ from 與……不同 suffer from 受……苦 result from 由于 separate…from 把……分離開(kāi) keep/stop/prevent…from 不讓……做 date from=date back to 始于……時(shí)期,追溯到 (7)動(dòng)詞+for run for 競(jìng)選 ask for 要求得到 beg for 乞求 wait for 等候 look for 尋找 call for 需要,要求 hunt for 尋找 long for 渴望 care for 關(guān)心,喜歡 seek for 尋找 come for 來(lái)拿,來(lái)取 apply for 申請(qǐng) stand for 代表,表示 search for 查找 change…for 用……換 charge…for 收費(fèi),要價(jià) take…for 誤以為……是 hope/wish for 希望得到 (8)動(dòng)詞十in get in 收獲,進(jìn)入 fill in 填寫(xiě) cut in 插入 join in 參加 look in 來(lái)訪,參觀 hand in 上交 drop in 拜訪 give in 讓步 take in 接納,吸收 call in 召集,來(lái)訪 bring in 引進(jìn),使得到收入 break in 強(qiáng)制進(jìn)入,插話 result in 導(dǎo)致 succeed in 在……獲成功 persist in 堅(jiān)持 (9)動(dòng)詞十into run into 碰到 look into 研究,調(diào)查,往里面看 burst into 闖入,進(jìn)發(fā) turn into 變成 change…into 把……變成 divide…into 把……分成 put/translate…into 把……譯成 (l0)動(dòng)詞+of die of 死于 talk of 談到 hear of 聽(tīng)說(shuō) think of 想到 dream of 夢(mèng)到 speak of 談到 consist of 由……組成 approve of 贊成 complain of 抱怨 become of- 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