高中英語Unit 20 Lesson 3《Scientific Breakthroughs》課件2 北師大版 選修7

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Unit 20 Lesson 3 Scientific Breakthroughs,1.Learn the new words of lesson 3 2.Reading 3.Language points 4.Vocabulary:Phrasal verbs 5.Vocabulary:Compound words 6.Exercises 7.Homework,Teaching process,Learn the new words,reading,Discuss the major discoveries of the scientists in the pictures:,“It followed from the special theory of relativity that mass and energy are both but different manifestations of the same thing -- a somewhat unfamiliar conception for the average mind. Furthermore, the equation E is equal to m c-squared, in which energy is put equal to mass, multiplied by the square of the velocity of light, showed that very small amounts of mass may be converted into a very large amount of energy and vice versa. The mass and energy were in fact equivalent, according to the formula mentioned above. This was demonstrated by Cockcroft and Walton in 1932, experimentally.“,聽愛因斯坦講解質(zhì)能方程,,哈勃太空望遠鏡,哈勃望遠鏡長13.3米，直徑4.3米，重11.6噸，造價近30億美元，于1990年4月25日由美國航天飛機送上高590千米的太空軌道。哈勃望遠鏡以時速2.8萬千米沿寂靜的太空軌道運行，默默地窺探著太空的秘密。 哈勃望遠鏡是有史以來最大、最精確的天文望遠鏡。它上面的廣角行星相機可拍攝到幾十到上百個恒星照片，其清晰度是地面天文望遠鏡的10倍以上，其觀測能力等于從華盛頓看到1.6萬千米外悉尼的一只螢火蟲,,哈勃太空望遠鏡經(jīng)典圖片,側(cè)視的星系,太空“螞蟻”,太空中的寶石,貓眼星云,驚恐的“雙眼”,完全曝光土星環(huán),星系之心,棒旋星云,公元1881～公元1955 青霉素的發(fā)明者亞歷山大·弗萊明于1881年出生在蘇格蘭的洛克菲爾德。弗萊明從倫敦圣馬利亞醫(yī)院醫(yī)科學校畢業(yè)后，從事免疫學研究；后來在第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中作為一名軍醫(yī)，研究傷口感染。他注意到許多防腐劑對人體細胞的傷害甚于對細菌的傷害，他認識到需要某種有害于細菌而無害于人體細胞的物質(zhì)。 1928年弗萊明做出了他的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)。在他的實驗室里，有一個葡萄球菌培養(yǎng)基暴露在空氣之中，受到了一種霉的污染。弗萊明注意到恰好在培養(yǎng)基中霉周圍區(qū)域里的細菌消失了，他正確地斷定這種霉在生產(chǎn)某種對葡萄球菌有害的物質(zhì)。不久他就證明了這種物質(zhì)能抑制許多其它有害細菌的生長。這種物質(zhì)──他根據(jù)其生產(chǎn)者霉的名稱（青霉菌）將其命名為青霉素──對人或動物都無毒作用,弗萊明的結(jié)果發(fā)表于1929年，但是起初并未引起高度的重視。弗萊明指出青霉素將會有重要的用途，但是他自己無法發(fā)明一種提純青霉素的技術(shù)，致使這種靈丹妙藥十幾年一直未得以使用。 終于在二十世紀三十年代末期，兩位英國醫(yī)學研究人員霍德華·瓦爾特·弗洛里和厄恩斯特·鮑里斯·錢恩偶然讀到了弗萊明的文章。他倆重復(fù)了他的工作，證實了他的結(jié)果。然后他倆提純青霉素，給實驗室動物加以試用；1941年給病人試用。他倆的試驗清楚地表明了這種新藥具有驚人的效力。,1946年，在美國賓夕法尼亞大學研制成功世界上第一臺程序控制的電子計算機ENIAC。它被用于新式武器彈道問題中許多復(fù)雜的計算。ENIAC是一個龐然大物，由18000個電子管、1500多個繼電器和其它配件構(gòu)成，上地170平方米，重達30噸；耗電150千瓦，每秒鐘能運行5000次加法。這臺計算機的使用條件也很苛刻，要求恒溫、恒濕，為此還配備了一臺30噸重的冷卻設(shè)備。盡管如此，過去需要100多名工程師花費一年才能解決的問題，ENIAC只需兩小時便能求出答案。,,,,人類飛上天空的夢想在1903年由萊特兄弟首次實現(xiàn)，人類終于沖出了大地母親的懷抱,Language points,1.think over v.仔細考慮, 重新考慮 2.be aware of v.知道, 意識到 eg: Everybody is aware of the importance of study. 每個人都意識到了學習的重要性。 I was not aware of the fire. 我沒有意識到火。 3.such as adv.例如.,象這種的, 諸如., 譬如說; 象.那樣的; 如此.以致 4.a piece of mass,5.an amount of adj.許多, 相當數(shù)量的; 一些 6.theory of relativity 7.for example 8.at the speed of以.的速度 at a speed of eighty miles an hour 以每小時80英里的速度 at full[top] speed 用全速, 開足馬力盡力地; 盡快地 9.be about to v.將要, 正打算 eg: The chorus is about to sing. 合唱團就要開始唱了,10.in fact 11.away from遠離 12.the further away galaxies are, the faster they move. The more…the more…. 13.go on holiday正在休假[去休假] e back v.回來, 在記憶中重現(xiàn), 復(fù)原, 恢復(fù), 反駁 15.throw… away v.扔掉, 丟棄 16.out of the ordinary不平常的, 非凡的,例外的,17.a few years later 18.look for 19.so…that… 20.turn on v.開啟, 變得興奮, 突然裝出, 開始 21.go out v.出去, 熄滅, 過時, 罷工, 向往, 辭職, 倒塌 22.be interested in對.感興趣 23.at the time當時, 在那個時候 24.make the first flight 25.make great contributions to…貢獻,Vocabulary Phrasal verbs,Read and then match these verbs with those in bold in the text.,take over walked out get across give away get on fine is to do with makes up for came out figure out got a lot out of,Exercise 7,The woman(1)enjoyed the film, even thought it(2)was shown a long time ago. She explains that when it was first shown, some people couldn’t(3)understand what it was about and (4)left. In her opinion, the director (5)compensates for the lack of plot by using visual effects and uses music to(6)communicate the mood of the film. The woman talks about the plot of the film but she does not(7) tell us the ending. Among other things, the film(8)is about intelligent machines. In the story, some astronauts and a computer(9)have a good relationship, but then the computer tries to (10)take control.,take over walked out get across give away get on fine is to do with makes up for came out figure out got a lot out of,take control left communicate tell us have a good relationship is about compensates for was shown understand enjoyed,,,,,,,,,,,Exercise 8 complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs in exercise 7:,1.We must the simple fact that drugs are dangerous. 2.I couldn’t what I had done to annoy my boss. 3.I don’t really believe that their conversation yesterday work. 4.It is reported that the millionaire has decided to all his money to charities. 5.The team will be anxious to a disappointing start to the season.,Exercise 8 complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs in exercise 7:,6.It that some government officials received payments from the company. 7.His only reason for investing in the company was to it . 8.Children can being involved in community projects. 9.Furious by now,I , leaving him sitting there shocked and white-faced. 10.How I wish I could with my colleagues in the company!,Vocabulary Compound words,a)compound noun(noun+noun): CD player;jet engine b)compound noun(verb+prep.): breakthrough;outcome c)compound noun(adj.+noun): flying machine; nuclear bomb d)compound verb: mass-produce;double-check e)compound adjective: one-year-old;world-famous; far-reaching,Exercise 5,exercises,Exercise 5 in page 69 Complete the sentences with these words:,,Answers: 1.off 2.up, over 3.up 4.out, out of 5.out, out 6.over,Exercise 6 in page 69 Complete the compound words in these sentences:,Answers: 1.system,years 2.check 3.like 4.produced 5.breaking 6.consuming,through,intelligence 7.born,year-old 8.-hand, processing,Homework: Exercise 2 in page 70,Thanks for your attendance,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,