高中英語第2輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題1 第14課時(shí) 特殊句式課件

單項(xiàng)填空單項(xiàng)填空 一一 1. Was it on a lonely island _ he was saved one month after the boat went down？(2011四川卷) A. where B. that C. which D. what B考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。此處為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句構(gòu)成是：is/was it 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他部分。該句可以還原為一個(gè)陳述句：He was saved on a lonely island one month after the boat went down. 句意：他是不是在船沉沒后一個(gè)月，在那座孤島上被救起的？ 思路點(diǎn)撥思路點(diǎn)撥 2. If you have a job, _ yourself to it and finally youll succeed. (2010四川卷) A. do devote B. dont devote C. devoting D. not devoting A考查謂語動詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)及“祈使句and將來時(shí)句子”的固定搭配。句意為：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功?！?思路點(diǎn)撥思路點(diǎn)撥 Is _ three hours _ the boy _ family is poor to come to school on foot? A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型 【考點(diǎn)1】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu) B這是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)作賓語的時(shí)間名詞three hours, the boy后接一個(gè)定語從句， whose作定語修飾family。句意：那位家境貧寒的男孩花了3個(gè)小時(shí)徒步來到學(xué)校嗎？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： It be 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 that(who)。 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句形式為： Is(Was)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who？ 強(qiáng) 調(diào) 句 的 特 殊 疑 問 句 形 式 為 ： Who/When/Where/Why is (was) it that？ 強(qiáng)調(diào)句若以特殊疑問句形式出現(xiàn)，很容易誤解。比較： Why is it that he cant come? 他為什么不能來？ What is it that he wants to buy? 他想要買什么？以上兩句可視為由以下陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換而來： It is because he is ill that he cant come.It is a computer that he wants to buy. 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)人時(shí)，可用who代替其中的that, 當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)時(shí)，不能用when和where代替that。 【考點(diǎn)2】not until用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句 It was not until _ that I knew the truth. (2011四川成都外國語學(xué)校高三月考卷) A. you told me B. did you tell me C. had you told me D. you have told me A該句強(qiáng)調(diào)了not until you told me。在強(qiáng)調(diào)not until句型時(shí)要將not 與until放在一起，并且語序不變的。 其基本形式為It is (was) not until that 。如： It was not until yesterday that we knew about it. My father and my mother have been married for 30 years, and never once _ with each other. (2011福建省三明二中高三二模卷) A. have they quarreled B. they have quarreled C. did they quarrel D. had they quarreled倒裝句 【考點(diǎn)1】部分倒裝 A表否定意義的副詞放于句首時(shí)后引起部分倒裝。即：否定意義副詞助動詞主語動詞。 The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only_， but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy saved C. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy B解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要能夠識別由并列連接詞not onlybut(also)所引導(dǎo)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語法規(guī)則，由并列連詞not onlybut (also)連接的兩個(gè)分句， not only引導(dǎo)的這個(gè)分句應(yīng)該用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，后一個(gè)分句不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。D項(xiàng)為完全倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 部分否定即將主語與助動詞倒置，其結(jié)構(gòu)與疑問句大致相同。構(gòu)成部分倒裝的主要情形有： 1. 含否定意義的詞(如： never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, not a single ， no longer, nowhere, by no means, at no time, neither, nor等)置于句首時(shí)，其后用部分倒裝。 2. so表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，意為“也一樣”， 用“so助動詞主語”這樣的倒裝句式。若講述的情況屬于同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，意為“的確如此”， 主謂不倒裝。要注意如果一個(gè)并列句中含有兩個(gè)性質(zhì)不同的謂語，另一個(gè)省略的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)要用“So it is/was with sb./sth.”或 “It is/was the same with sb./sth.”來表示。 3. only加狀語(即： only副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句等)放在句首時(shí)，其后用部分倒裝。 4. 當(dāng)虛擬條件句含有were, should, had時(shí)，可省略if, 將were, should, had置句首。 5. so / such that結(jié)構(gòu)中，將so / such 置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝。 【考點(diǎn)2】完全倒裝 Out _， still discussing the fashion show with great interest. (2011江蘇南京金陵中學(xué)高三模擬卷) A. walked a crowd of young girls B. did a crowd of young girls walk C. were walking a crowd of young girls D. a crowd of young girls were walking A方位副詞out 放于句首，后用全部倒裝。即謂語動詞全部在主語之前。 完全倒裝即將謂語移到主語前。構(gòu)成完全倒裝的情形主要有： 1. 以now, then, here, there, out, in, up, down, off, away等副詞開頭的句子，且句子主語是名詞時(shí)，句子常用完全倒裝。若主語為代詞，則不用倒裝。 2. 將表語和地點(diǎn)狀語(多為介詞短語)置于句首加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，其后通常用倒裝語序。 【考點(diǎn)3】另類倒裝 That boy enjoys drawing very much. _， I have never seen anyone else who is as enthusiastic about drawing as he is. A. As long as I have traveled B. Traveled so much as I have C. As I have traveled so much D. Much as I have traveled Das引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，可將副詞提前至句首。 1. as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，必須將表語、狀語或動詞原形提到as前面。若提前的表語是名詞，一般不用冠詞。 2. 當(dāng)such用作表語時(shí)，通常采用倒裝語序。 3. 有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將謂語部分的分詞或不定式置于句首，從而構(gòu)成倒裝。 It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. _， wed better take it to the garage immediately. (2011江蘇卷) A. Otherwise B. If not C. But for that D. If so省略句 Dif so if it is so。it代指It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. 這件事。 Will he fail in the exam? _. A. Dont hope to B. Lets hope not C. Not hope so D. Lets hope not to B考查用so, not省略前面提到的事，表肯定與否定。so可代替單詞、詞組、句子，作believe, do, expect, guess, hope, fear, imagine, suppose, think等詞的賓語；not代替否定的句子，用法與so相似。根據(jù)句意“(讓)我們希望他考試不要失敗”和語法規(guī)則，為了不重復(fù)別人的話，表示否定意義時(shí)， hope只用(I) hope not的形式。 1. 在時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語跟主句的主語一致時(shí)，從句的主語可以省略，同時(shí)將從句的謂語動詞變成分詞形式。 2. 在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、讓步等狀語從句中，當(dāng)從句的主語跟主句的主語一致或從句的主語是it, 謂語是be動詞時(shí)，從句的主語、謂語可省略。如when/if necessary。 3. 當(dāng)句子的謂語部分省略時(shí)，若只用代詞代替句子，則用代詞的賓格形式。 4. 當(dāng)省略不定式的內(nèi)容時(shí)，則須保留小品詞to。it指代時(shí)間時(shí)，有如下一些句型：(1)It is(about/ high) timefor sth.(for sb.) to do sth.that從句(should do/did，必須用虛擬語氣)(2)It is /has been some time since從句(從句用一般過去時(shí))(注意從句中延續(xù)性動詞意義為否定。)it 的特殊用法【考點(diǎn)1】it 的指代作用(3)It/This is the first /secondtimethat從句(必須使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))(這是某人第次做了某事)(4)It was 時(shí)間點(diǎn)when從句(5)It was / will be some timebefore從句it 的特殊用法【考點(diǎn)1】it 的指代作用 代替由不定式、動名詞或從句所表示的真正主語；由于在翻譯時(shí)，漢語習(xí)慣上會加上“這、那”之意，所以常見的干擾項(xiàng)就是this 和that。 1. it 代替動詞不定式或動名詞充當(dāng)句子的形式主語： (1)為平衡句子，通常把不定式作主語改為it 作形式主語，即： Its adj./n. for sb. to do sth. 常見形容詞：easy, difficult, convenient, possible 等。 It is possible for me to make a tour around the world.【考點(diǎn)2】 it 作形式主語 Its adj. of sb. to do sth. 常見形容詞：kind, good, nice, wrong, careless, honest，wise, foolish, polite, clever, right, unwise, stupid, thoughtful, rude, silly, impolite等表示某人的品行的詞語。It is honest of the boy to tell the truth. (2)It is no use / no good /useless / senseless doing sth.【考點(diǎn)2】 it 作形式主語 2. it 代替整個(gè)句子，放在句首充當(dāng)形式主語： (1)It is adj./n. that從句 (2)It is ved that從句 常見過去分詞：said, reported, known, expected, thought, believed, considered, suggested等。 當(dāng)表示命令、建議、堅(jiān)持、忠告等意義時(shí)，從句要用虛擬語氣(should)do。【考點(diǎn)2】 it 作形式主語 (3)It doesnt matter/ makes no difference特殊疑問詞/whether引導(dǎo)的從句 (4)It seems/ appearsthat從句：似乎/好像 (5)It happensthat從句：碰巧，恰巧【考點(diǎn)2】 it 作形式主語 代替由不定式、動名詞或從句所表示的真正賓語。 1. 主語think/ consider/ find/ feel/ believe/ regard/ make itadj./n. (for sb.) to do. 2. 主語think/ consider/ find /feel it no good/ use doing sth.【考點(diǎn)3】 it 作形式賓語 3. 主語believe/ imagine/ think/ consider/ find/ feel/ make/ regard/ it adj./n. that從句 4. 主語hate/ dislike/ love/ like it when從句(表示對某一情況的喜好或厭惡) 5. 主語appreciate it if從句 6. 主語see to/answer for itthat從句(確保) 主語depend on it that從句(指望，確信)【考點(diǎn)3】 it 作形式賓語注意：注意：4、5、6為特殊句型：用it 代替其后的整個(gè)句子，it等于整個(gè)句子，但不能省略?！究键c(diǎn)3】 it 作形式賓語