全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)課件.ppt

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全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第一冊(cè)UNIT1 Unit1GrowingUp 1 PartIPre readingTask Listentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions 1 DoyouknowwhoJohnLennonwas 2 Haveyoueverheardthesongbefore 3 WhatdoesLennonthinkofgrowingup Isiteasyorfullofadventures 4 Canyouguesswhatthetextsinthisunitaregoingtobeabout Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou monstern 怪物prayern 祈禱 2 TextanalysisPartIITextAWhenwearewritingweareoftentoldtokeepourreadersinmind toshapewhatwesaytofittheirtastesandinterests Butthereisonereaderinparticularwhoshouldnotbeforgotten Canyouguesswho RussellBakersurprisedhimselfandeveryoneelsewhenhediscoveredtheanswer WRITINGFORMYSELFRussellBakerTheideaofbecomingawriterhadcometomeoffandonsincemychildhoodinBelleville butitwasn tuntilmythirdyearinhighschoolthatthepossibilitytookhold UntilthenI dbeenboredbyeverythingassociatedwithEnglishcourses IfoundEnglishgrammardullanddifficult Ihatedtheassignmentstoturnoutlong lifelessparagraphsthatwereagonyforteacherstoreadandformetowrite WhenourclasswasassignedtoMr Fleagleforthird yearEnglishIanticipatedanothercheerlessyearinthatmosttediousofsubjects Mr Fleaglehadareputationamongstudentsfordullnessandinabilitytoinspire Hewassaidtobeveryformal rigidandhopelesslyoutofdate Tomehelookedtobesixtyorseventyandexcessivelyprim Heworeprimlysevereeyeglasses hiswavyhairwasprimlycutandprimlycombed Heworeprimsuitswithnecktiessetprimlyagainstthecollarbuttonsofhiswhiteshirts Hehadaprimlypointedjaw aprimlystraightnose andaprimmannerofspeakingthatwassocorrect sogentlemanly thatheseemedacomicantique IpreparedforanunfruitfulyearwithMr Fleagleandforalongtimewasnotdisappointed Lateintheyearwetackledtheinformalessay Mr Fleagledistributedahomeworksheetofferingusachoiceoftopics Nonewasquitesosimple mindedas WhatIDidonMySummerVacation butmostseemedtobealmostasdull Itookthelisthomeanddidnothinguntilthenightbeforetheessaywasdue Lyingonthesofa Ifinallyfaceduptotheunwelcometask tookthelistoutofmynotebook andscannedit Thetopiconwhichmyeyestoppedwas TheArtofEatingSpaghetti Thistitleproducedanextraordinarysequenceofmentalimages VividmemoriescamefloodingbackofanightinBellevillewhenallofuswereseatedaroundthesuppertable UncleAllen mymother UncleCharlie Doris UncleHal andAuntPatservedspaghettiforsupper Spaghettiwasstillalittleknownforeigndishinthosedays NeitherDorisnorIhadevereatenspaghetti andnoneoftheadultshadenoughexperiencetobegoodatit AllthegoodhumorofUncleAllen shousereawokeinmymindasIrecalledthelaughingargumentswehadthatnightaboutthesociallyrespectablemethodformovingspaghettifromplatetomouth SuddenlyIwantedtowriteaboutthat aboutthewarmthandgoodfeelingofit butIwantedtoputitdownsimplyformyownjoy notforMr Fleagle ItwasamomentIwantedtorecaptureandholdformyself Iwantedtorelivethepleasureofthatevening TowriteitasIwanted however wouldviolatealltherulesofformalcompositionI dlearnedinschool andMr Fleaglewouldsurelygiveitafailinggrade Nevermind IwouldwritesomethingelseforMr FleagleafterIhadwrittenthisthingformyself WhenIfinisheditthenightwashalfgoneandtherewasnotimelefttocomposeaproper respectableessayforMr Fleagle TherewasnochoicenextmorningbuttoturninmytaleoftheBellevillesupper TwodayspassedbeforeMr Fleaglereturnedthegradedpapers andhereturnedeveryone sbutmine IwaspreparingmyselfforacommandtoreporttoMr FleagleimmediatelyafterschoolfordisciplinewhenIsawhimliftmypaperfromhisdeskandknockfortheclass sattention Now boys hesaid Iwanttoreadyouanessay Thisistitled TheArtofEatingSpaghetti Andhestartedtoread Mywords Hewasreadingmywordsoutloudtotheentireclass What smore theentireclasswaslistening Listeningattentively Thensomebodylaughed thentheentireclasswaslaughing andnotincontemptandridicule butwithopen heartedenjoyment EvenMr Fleaglestoppedtwoorthreetimestoholdbackasmallprimsmile Ididmybesttoavoidshowingpleasure butwhatIwasfeelingwaspuredelightatthisdemonstrationthatmywordshadthepowertomakepeoplelaugh Intheeleventhgrade attheeleventhhourasitwere Ihaddiscoveredacalling Itwasthehappiestmomentofmyentireschoolcareer WhenMr Fleaglefinishedheputthefinalsealonmyhappinessbysaying Nowthat boys isanessay don tyousee It s don tyousee it softheveryessenceoftheessay don tyousee Congratulations Mr Baker 797words 3 NewWordsandExpressionsoffandonfromtimetotime sometimes斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地 有時(shí)possibilityn 可能 性 takeholdbecomeestablished生根 確立borevt make sb becometiredandloseinterest使 人 厭煩associatevt joinorconnecttogether bringinthemind使聯(lián)系起來(lái) 使聯(lián)想assignmentn apieceofworkthatisgiventoaparticularperson 分配的 工作 任務(wù) 作業(yè)turnoutproduce編寫 生產(chǎn) 制造 agony n verygreatpainorsufferingofmindorbody 身心的 極度痛苦assignvt giveasashareorduty分配 分派anticipatevt expect預(yù)期 期望tediousa boringandlastingforalongtime乏味的 冗長(zhǎng)的reputationn 名聲 名譽(yù)inabilityn lackofpower skillorability無(wú)能 無(wú)力inspirevt fill sb withconfidence eagerness etc 激勵(lì) 鼓舞 formala too seriousandcarefulinmannerandbehavior basedoncorrectoracceptedrules刻板的 拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?正式的 正規(guī)的rigida oftendisapproving fixedinbehavior viewsormethods strict一成不變的 嚴(yán)格的hopelesslyad verymuch withouthope十分 極度 絕望地excessivelyad 過(guò)分地outofdateold fashioned過(guò)時(shí)的prima usu disapproving ofaperson tooformalorcorrectinbehaviorandshowingadislikeofanythingrude neat古板的 拘謹(jǐn)?shù)?循規(guī)蹈矩的 整潔的 primlyad severepletelyplain causingverygreatpain difficulty worry etc 樸素的 嚴(yán)重的 劇烈的necktien tie領(lǐng)帶jawn 頜 顎comic a 滑稽的 喜劇的n 連環(huán)漫畫 冊(cè) antiquen 古物 古玩tacklevt trytodealwith處理 應(yīng)付 essayn 散文 小品文 論說(shuō)文distributevt divideandgiveoutamongpeople places etc 分發(fā) 分配 分送finallyad atlast最終 終于faceuptobebraveenoughtoacceptordealwith勇敢地接受或?qū)Ω秙canv lookthroughquickly瀏覽 粗略地看spaghettin 意大利式細(xì)面條titlen anamegiventoabook film etc 標(biāo)題 題目vt giveanameto給 加標(biāo)題 加題目于 extraordinarya veryunusualorstrange不同尋常的 奇特的sequencen 一連串相關(guān)的事物 次序 順序imagen apictureformedinthemind形象 印象 圖 像adultn afullygrownpersonoranimal成年人 成年動(dòng)物humorn 心情 幽默 詼諧recallvt bringbacktothemind remember回想起 回憶起argumentn 論據(jù) 論點(diǎn) 爭(zhēng)論 respectablea ofbehavior appearance etc sociallyacceptable可敬的 體面的 文雅的putdownwritedown寫下recapturevt lit bringbackintothemind experienceagain再現(xiàn) 再次經(jīng)歷relivevt experienceagain esp inone simagination再體驗(yàn) 重溫violatevt actagainst違背 違反composevt writeorcreate music poetry etc 創(chuàng)作turninhandin workthatonehasdone 交 作業(yè) commandn v 命令 指令disciplinen punishment orderkept amongschool children soldiers etc 懲罰 處分 紀(jì)律what smoreinaddition moreimportantly而且 此外 更有甚者contempt n 輕視 輕蔑ridiculen makingorbeingmadefunof嘲笑 嘲弄 被戲弄open hearteda sincere frank誠(chéng)摯的holdbackpreventtheexpressionof feelings tears etc 控制 感情 眼淚等 avoidvt keeporgetawayfrom避免demonstrationn actofshowingorprovingsth 表明 證明careern 生涯 事業(yè) 職業(yè)sealn 印 圖章essence n themostimportantqualityofathing本質(zhì) 精髓congratulationn usu pl expressionofjoyforsb ssuccess luck etc 祝賀 恭喜 ProperNamesRussellBaker拉賽爾 貝克Belleville貝爾維爾 美國(guó)地名 Fleagle弗利格爾 姓氏 Allen艾倫 男子名 Charlie查理 男子名 Doris多麗絲 女子名 Hal哈爾 男子名 Henry Harold的昵稱 Pat帕特 女子名 Patricia的昵稱 4 Summary Russellbakerisverygoodatselectingdetailstoprovehispoint HecreatesanunfavorableimageofMr Fleagebydescribinghisformalrigidandhopelesslyout of dateeyeglasses hairstyle clothes jaw noseandmannerofspeaking 5 Exercises Translation vocabulary 6 Paragraphwriting Writeaboutyourexperienceofgrowingup Title whatdoesitmeanby growingup Words about150 全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)02 Unit2Friendship I Pre ReadingTaskListentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions 1 HaveyoueverheardofDionneWarwick Haveyouhappenedtohearhersing 2 Whatdoesafairweatherfriendmean 3 WhatdoesDionneWarwickthinkfriendsarefor 4 Doesthesonggiveyouanyideaofwhatthestoriesinthisunitwillbeabout IITextanalysisTextAHowdoyoufeelwhenoldfriendsarefaraway Doyoumakeanefforttokeepintouch Sometimesitiseasytoputoffwritingaletter thinkingthattherewillbeplentyoftimetomorrow Butthensometimes asthisstoryshows weleaveittoolate Perhapsreadingitwillmakeyouwanttoreachforyourpen ALLTHECABBIEHADWASALETTERFosterFurcoloHemusthavebeencompletelylostinsomethinghewasreadingbecauseIhadtotaponthewindshieldtogethisattention Isyourcabavailable Iaskedwhenhefinallylookedupatme Henodded thensaidapologeticallyasIsettledintothebackseat I msorry butIwasreadingaletter Hesoundedasifhehadacoldorsomething I minnohurry Itoldhim Goaheadandfinishyourletter Heshookhishead I vereaditseveraltimesalready IguessIalmostknowitbyheart Lettersfromhomealwaysmeanalot Isaid AtleasttheydowithmebecauseI montheroadsomuch Then estimatingthathewas60or70yearsold Iguessed Fromachildormaybeagrandchild Thisisn tfamily hereplied Although hewenton cometothinkofit itmightjustaswellhavebeenfamily OldEdwasmyoldestfriend Infact weusedtocalleachother OldFriend whenwe dmeet thatis I mnotmuchofahandatwriting Idon tthinkanyofuskeepupourcorrespondencetoowell Isaid IknowIdon t ButItakeithe ssomeoneyou veknownquiteawhile Allmylife practically Wewerekidstogether sowegowayback Wenttoschooltogether Allthewaythroughhighschool Wewereinthesameclass infact throughbothgradeandhighschool Therearenottoomanypeoplewho vehadsuchalongfriendship Isaid Actually thedriverwenton Ihadn tseenhimmorethanonceortwiceayearoverthepast25or30yearsbecauseImovedawayfromtheoldneighborhoodandyoukindoflosetoucheventhoughyouneverforget Hewasagreatguy Yousaid was Doesthatmean Back Henodded Diedacoupleofweeksago I msorry Isaid It snofuntoloseanyfriend andlosingarealoldoneiseventougher Hedidn treplytothat andwerodeoninsilenceforafewminutes ButIrealizedthatOldEdwasstillonhismindwhenhespokeagain almostmoretohimselfthantome Ishouldhavekeptintouch Yes herepeated Ishouldhavekeptintouch Well Iagreed weshouldallkeepintouchwitholdfriendsmorethanwedo Butthingscomeupandwejustdon tseemtofindthetime Heshrugged Weusedtofindthetime hesaid That sevenmentionedintheletter Hehandeditovertome Takealook Thanks Isaid butIdon twanttoreadyourmail That sprettypersonal Back Thedrivershrugged OldEd sdead There snothingpersonalnow Goahead heurgedme Theletterwaswritteninpencil Itbeganwiththegreeting OldFriend andthefirstsentenceremindedmeofmyself I vebeenmeaningtowriteforsometime butI vealwayspostponedit Itthenwentontosaythatheoftenthoughtaboutthegoodtimestheyhadhadtogetherwhentheybothlivedinthesameneighborhood Ithadreferencestothingsthatprobablymeantsomethingtothedriver suchasthetimeTimSheabrokethewindow theHalloweenthatwetiedOldMr Parker sgate andwhenMrs Culverusedtokeepusafterschool Youmusthavespentalotoftimetogether Isaidtohim Likeitsaysthere heanswered aboutallwehadtospendinthosedayswastime Heshookhishead Time Back Ithoughtthenextparagraphoftheletterwasalittlesad Ibegantheletterwith OldFriend becausethat swhatwe vebecomeovertheyears oldfriends Andtherearen tmanyofusleft Youknow Isaidtohim whenitsaysherethattherearen tmanyofusleft that sabsolutelyright EverytimeIgotoaclassreunion forexample therearefewerandfewerstillaround Timegoesby thedriversaid Didyoutwoworkatthesameplace Iaskedhim No butwehungoutonthesamecornerwhenweweresingle Andthen whenweweremarried weusedtogotoeachother shouseeverynowandthen Butforthelast20or30yearsit sbeenmostlyjustChristmascards Ofcoursethere dbealwaysanotewe deachaddtothecards usuallysomenewsaboutourfamilies youknow whatthekidsweredoing whomovedwhere anewgrandchild thingslikethat butneverarealletteroranythinglikethat Back Thisisagoodparthere Isaid WhereitsaysYourfriendshipovertheyearshasmeantanawfullottome morethanIcansaybecauseI mnotgoodatsayingthingslikethat Ifoundmyselfnoddinginagreement Thatmusthavemadeyoufeelgood didn tit ThedriversaidsomethingthatIcouldn tunderstandbecauseheseemedtobeallchokedup soIcontinued IknowI dliketoreceivealetterlikethatfrommyoldestfriend WeweregettingclosetoourdestinationsoIskippedtothelastparagraph SoIthoughtyou dliketoknowthatIwasthinkingofyou Anditwassigned YourOldFriend Tom Ihandedbacktheletteraswestoppedatmyhotel Enjoyedtalkingwithyou IsaidasItookmysuitcaseoutofthecab Tom TheletterwassignedTom Back Ithoughtyourfriend snamewasEd Isaid WhydidhesignitTom TheletterwasnotfromEdtome heexplained I mTom It saletterIwrotetohimbeforeIknewhe ddied SoInevermailedit Helookedsortofsorrowful orasifheweretryingtoseesomethinginthedistance IguessIshouldhavewrittenitsooner WhenIgottomyhotelroomIdidn tunpackrightaway FirstIhadtowritealetter andmailit 1093words Back III NewWordsandExpressionscabbien infml ataxidriverbelostin loseoneselfinbeabsorbedin befullyoccupiedwith專心致志于windshieldn AmE theglasswindowinthefrontofacar truck etc 汽車的 擋風(fēng)玻璃cabn ataxi出租車availablea abletobeused hadorreached可用的 可得到的apologeticallyad showingorsayingthatoneissorryforsomefaultorwrong道歉地 帶著歉意地 orsomething infml usedwhenyouarenotverysureaboutwhatyouhavejustsaid 諸如此類的事goaheadcontinue beginknow learnbyheartmemorize rememberexactly記住 能背出estimatevt formajudgementabout估計(jì)might may just aswell不妨 也 無(wú)妨notmuchofanotagood不太好的 Back keepupcontinuewithoutstopping保持correspondencen theactofwriting receivingorsendingletters letters通信 聯(lián)系 信件practicallyad almostkidn infml achildalltheway自始至終 一直neighborhoodn 街坊 四鄰 hit strikehome ofremarks etc havetheintendedeffect 言語(yǔ)等 擊中要害idiot n colloq afoolincredible Back kind sortof infml alittlebit insomewayordegree有幾分 有點(diǎn)兒losetouch失去聯(lián)系acoupleof幾個(gè) 一對(duì) 一雙guyn 家伙 伙計(jì)tougha infml unfortunate difficult strong不幸的 困難的 堅(jiān)固的 堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的onone smind掛記在心頭 consumev eatordrink useup吃 喝 耗盡 消費(fèi)superwomann awomanhavingmorethanordinaryhumanpowersandabilities具有非凡才能的女性 女強(qiáng)人politiciann 政治家 政客carefortakecareof likeorlove照料 喜歡 喜愛(ài) Back keepintouch with 與 保持聯(lián)系 保持接觸comeuphappen occur esp unexpectedly 尤指意想不到地 發(fā)生 出現(xiàn)shrugv lift theshoulders slightly聳 肩 urgev tryveryhardtopersuade力勸 催促postponevt delay推遲 使延期referencen 提及 談到 參考 查閱absolutelypletely完全地 極其 Back absolutea reunion n 家人 朋友 同事等久別后的 重聚goby oftime pass 時(shí)間 逝去hangout infml stayinornearaplace notdoingverymuch閑蕩 徘徊everynowandthensometimes attimesmostlyad almostall generally幾乎全部 多半 大體awfula infml usedtoaddforce verygreat verybadorunpleasant非常的 極大的 可怕的 糟糕的 Back chokev 使 窒息 堵塞chokeupbecometooupsettospeak 因激動(dòng)等 哽得說(shuō)不出話 堵塞destinationn 目的地skip v 略過(guò) 跳過(guò) 跳躍sorrowfula showingorcausingsadness傷心的 悲傷的sorrown inthedistancefarawayunpackv takeout things from asuitcase etc 打開rightawayatonce Back ProperNamesFosterFurcolo福斯特 弗克洛Ed埃德 男子名 TimShea蒂姆 謝Parker帕克 姓氏或男子名 Culver卡爾弗 姓氏 Tom湯姆 男子名 Back IVSummary Thenarratorisverygoodatkeepingtheconversationgoing foronething heexpresseshisagreementtoshowthecabbiewhatasympatheticlistenerheis Foranother heasksquestionsdirectlytogetmoreinformationoutofthecabbie V Exercises Vocabulary Translation Writing VI Paragraphwriting Whatisfriendship 全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程第一冊(cè)03 Unit3UnderstandingScience PartIPre readingTaskListentotherecordingtwoorthreetimesandthenthinkoverthefollowingquestions Whoisitabout 2 Whatquestionsinteresthim 3 Whatmakeshisachievementssoremarkable Thefollowingwordsintherecordingmaybenewtoyou universen 宇宙musclen 肌肉engagev 與 訂婚 PartIITextAProfessorHawkingthinksitimportanttokeepeverybodyintouchwithwhatscienceisabout Inthisarticleheexplainswhy PUBLICATTITUDESTOWARDSCIENCEWhetherwelikeitornot theworldweliveinhaschangedagreatdealinthelasthundredyears anditislikelytochangeevenmoreinthenexthundred Somepeoplewouldliketostopthesechangesandgobacktowhattheyseeasapurerandsimplerage Butashistoryshows thepastwasnotthatwonderful Itwasnotsobadforaprivilegedminority thougheventheyhadtodowithoutmodernmedicine andchildbirthwashighlyriskyforwomen Butforthevastmajorityofthepopulation lifewasnasty brutish andshort Anyway evenifonewantedto onecouldn tputtheclockbacktoanearlierage Knowledgeandtechniquescan tjustbeforgotten Norcanonepreventfurtheradvancesinthefuture Evenifallgovernmentmoneyforresearchwerecutoff andthepresentgovernmentisdoingitsbest theforceofcompetitionwouldstillbringaboutadvancesintechnology Moreover onecannotstopinquiringmindsfromthinkingaboutbasicscience whetherornottheyarepaidforit Theonlywaytopreventfurtherdevelopmentswouldbeaglobalstatethatsuppressedanythingnew andhumaninitiativeandinventivenessaresuchthateventhiswouldn tsucceed Allitwoulddoisslowdowntherateofchange Ifweacceptthatwecannotpreventscienceandtechnologyfromchangingourworld wecanatleasttrytoensurethatthechangestheymakeareintherightdirections Inademocraticsociety thismeansthatthepublicneedstohaveabasicunderstandingofscience sothatitcanmakeinformeddecisionsandnotleavetheminthehandsofexperts Atthemoment thepublicisintwomindsaboutscience Ithascometoexpectthesteadyincreaseinthestandardoflivingthatnewdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyhavebroughttocontinue butitalsodistrustssciencebecauseitdoesn tunderstandit ThisdistrustisevidentinthecartoonfigureofthemadscientistworkinginhislaboratorytoproduceaFrankenstein ItisalsoanimportantelementbehindsupportfortheGreenparties Butthepublicalsohasagreatinterestinscience particularlyastronomy asisshownbythelargeaudiencesfortelevisionseriessuchasTheSkyatNightandforsciencefiction Whatcanbedonetoharnessthisinterestandgivethepublicthescientificbackgrounditneedstomakeinformeddecisionsonsubjectslikeacidrain thegreenhouseeffect nuclearweapons andgeneticengineering Clearly thebasismustlieinwhatistaughtinschools Butinschoolsscienceisoftenpresentedinadryanduninterestingmanner Childrenlearnitbyrotetopassexaminations andtheydon tseeitsrelevancetotheworldaroundthem Moreover scienceisoftentaughtintermsofequations Althoughequationsareabriefandaccuratewayofdescribingmathematicalideas theyfrightenmostpeople WhenIwroteapopularbookrecently IwasadvisedthateachequationIincludedwouldhalvethesales Iincludedoneequation Einstein sfamousequation E mc2 MaybeIwouldhavesoldtwiceasmanycopieswithoutit Scientistsandengineerstendtoexpresstheirideasintheformofequationsbecausetheyneedtoknowtheprecisevaluesofquantities Butfortherestofus aqualitativegraspofscientificconceptsissufficient andthiscanbeconveyedbywordsanddiagrams withouttheuseofequations Thesciencepeoplelearninschoolcanprovidethebasicframework Buttherateofscientificprogressisnowsorapidthattherearealwaysnewdevelopmentsthathaveoccurredsinceonewasatschooloruniversity Ineverlearnedaboutmolecularbiologyortransistorsatschool butgeneticengineeringandcomputersaretwoofthedevelopmentsmostlikelytochangethewayweliveinthefuture Popularbooksandmagazinearticlesaboutsciencecanhelptoputacrossnewdevelopments buteventhemostsuccessfulpopularbookisreadbyonlyasmallproportionofthepopulation Onlytelevisioncanreachatrulymassaudience TherearesomeverygoodscienceprogrammesonTV butotherspresentscientificwonderssimplyasmagic withoutexplainingthemorshowinghowtheyfitintotheframeworkofscientificideas Producersoftelevisionscienceprogrammesshouldrealizethattheyhavearesponsibilitytoeducatethepublic notjustentertainit Theworldtodayisfilledwithdangers hencethesickjokethatthereasonwehavenotbeencontactedbyanaliencivilizationisthatcivilizationstendtodestroythemselveswhentheyreachourstage ButIhavesufficientfaithinthegoodsenseofthepublictobelievethatwemightprovethiswrong 812words NewWordsandExpressionsattituden 看法 態(tài)度likelya probable可能的ad probably可能privilegeda havingaspecialadvantage有特權(quán)的privilegen 特權(quán)minorityn 少數(shù)dowithout沒(méi)有 而設(shè)法對(duì)付過(guò)去highlyad very很 非常 riskya fullofdanger fullofthepossibilityoffailure loss etc 危險(xiǎn)的 有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的nastya veryunpleasant令人難受的brutisha 野獸般的 野蠻的anywayad usedtochangethesubjectofaconversationortosupportanideaorargument anyhow不管怎么說(shuō)put turntheclockback倒退 開倒車cutoffstopproviding sth remove sth bycutting切斷 中斷 切下 剪下competitionn 競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 比賽bringaboutmake sth happen引起 導(dǎo)致 technologyn 技術(shù)moreoverad 而且 再者inquiringa showinganinterestinknowingaboutthings好問(wèn)的 愛(ài)探索的inquirev 詢問(wèn)globala worldwide ofthewholeearth世界的 全球的suppress vt keepfromappearing抑制 壓制initiativen 首創(chuàng)精神 主動(dòng)inventivenessn 發(fā)明才能 創(chuàng)造力 slowdownmakeslower減慢raten 速度 比率ensurevt makesure保證 確保democratica 民主的informeda 有知識(shí)的 了解情況的 明智的informvt 告訴 通知expertn 專家atthemomentnow此刻 目前 intwominds猶豫不決 三心二意steadya constant firm平穩(wěn)的 穩(wěn)定的evidenta clear obvious明顯的cartoonn 漫畫 動(dòng)畫片elementn 成分 元素astronomy n 天文學(xué)audiencen 觀眾 聽眾 讀者seriesn 連續(xù) 系列 系列節(jié)目 fictionn 小說(shuō) 虛構(gòu)harnessvt controlandmakeuseof駕馭 利用backgroundn 背景acida n 酸 性的 酸味的 物質(zhì) greenhousen 溫室nucleara 原子核的 核心的weaponn 武器genetic a 基因的 遺傳 學(xué) 的 engineeringn 工程 工程學(xué)basisn 基礎(chǔ)lieinexistorbefoundin在于roten 死記硬背learnbyrote死記硬背地學(xué)習(xí)relevancen 相關(guān) 關(guān)聯(lián)intermsof從 方面 或角度 來(lái)說(shuō) 按照 根據(jù) equationn 等式 方程 式 briefa short quick簡(jiǎn)潔的 短暫的accuratea exact準(zhǔn)確的 精確的 mathematicala 數(shù)學(xué)的halvevt 將 減半tendvi belikelytohappenorhaveaparticularcharacteristicoreffect傾向 趨向intheformofhavingtheshapeof existinginaparticularform呈 的形狀 以 形式 precisea exact精確的qualitativea 定性