高考英語(yǔ) Module2 The Renaissance課件 外研版版選修8

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1、高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書立體設(shè)計(jì)走進(jìn)新課堂英 語(yǔ)選修8Module2 The Renaissance課程解讀課程解讀話題The Renaissance(文藝復(fù)興）語(yǔ)法Review of non-finite verbs(復(fù)習(xí)非限定動(dòng)詞）課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展1.tax v.對(duì)征稅，向課稅2.flee v.逃跑，逃掉3.appeal v.懇求；呼吁4.seek v.尋找；尋求5.behalf n.方面；利益6.blame n.（對(duì)錯(cuò)事或壞事應(yīng)負(fù)的）責(zé)任7.liberty n.自由；自由權(quán)8.passion n.激情，熱愛9.disturbing adj.令人不安的disturb vt.打擾10

2、.effect n.效果，作用effective adj.有效的affect vt.影響11.motivate v.激發(fā)；激勵(lì)motivation n.動(dòng)力12.inspire v.鼓舞，激勵(lì)inspiration n.靈感，啟示inspiring adj.有靈感的，非常好的inspired adj.激勵(lì)的，鼓勵(lì)的13.profession n.職業(yè)professional adj.職業(yè)性的；職業(yè)化的14.gifted adj.有天賦的gift n.禮物課程解讀課程解讀重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.in history歷史上2.up to達(dá)到（某個(gè)數(shù)量）3.leave for動(dòng)身去某地4.leave sth.b

3、ehind把拋在后面5.appeal to懇請(qǐng)，呼吁6.on behalf of代表7.at liberty獲得自由的重點(diǎn)句型1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.它被認(rèn)為是一種新的形象逼真型繪畫的最好代表，這種繪畫風(fēng)格一經(jīng)使用就使人們驚嘆不已。2.We spent the whole day walking.我們走了一整天。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)一要點(diǎn)一 單詞單詞1.effect n.C,U影響，后

4、果，效果影響，后果，效果;印象；感觸；作印象；感觸；作用，影響用，影響歸納拓展have an effect on/upon對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響take effect見效，生效，實(shí)施go/come into effect開始生效;實(shí)施(無被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))put/bring/carry sth.into effect使生效in effect實(shí)際上；（規(guī)律、法律）生效，在實(shí)行中cause and effect因果知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)be of no effect(=be useless)沒有作用;無效例句：The medicine will soon come into effect.這種藥很快就會(huì)見效。What he

5、 says has a great effect on his children.他的話對(duì)他的孩子們影響很大。Some ancient laws are still in effect.有些古代的法律現(xiàn)在仍然有效。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The conference had been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.A.inB.onC.atD.with【解析解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)have an effect on.“對(duì)產(chǎn)生影響”的用法。句意為：已經(jīng)召開會(huì)議討論了旅游對(duì)這個(gè)地區(qū)野生動(dòng)植物的

6、影響?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.appeal vi.有吸引力；懇求，呼吁；訴諸；上訴有吸引力；懇求，呼吁；訴諸；上訴n.吸引吸引力；呼吁；上訴力；呼吁；上訴歸納拓展（1）appeal to sb.for sth.懇求/呼吁/訴諸/求助某人appeal to sb./sth.（對(duì)某人/物）有吸引力；喚起；向呼吁，訴諸于/求助于appeal to sb.to do sth.懇請(qǐng)某人做某事appeal against sth.上訴（2）make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁，引起某人的興趣注意：appeal用作名詞，通常與to或for連用；用作動(dòng)詞，通常與to或agains

7、t連用。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁人人節(jié)約用水。She appealed to the high court against her sentence.她不服判決而向高等法院上訴。Bright colours appeal to small children.小孩子喜歡鮮艷的顏色。The poem we learned today makes an appeal to the emotions.我們今天所學(xué)的這首詩(shī)很具有感染力。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】As a resul

8、t of the radio _ for help for the earthquake victims，over a million pounds have been raised.A.begB.pleadC.appealD.ask【解析解析】beg“乞討，乞求”；plead“向人求情或替人求情以求寬恕或同意”；ask“請(qǐng)求，要求”，三者皆為動(dòng)詞詞性，且不合題意。而appeal可作名詞，appeal for意為“呼吁”，正合題意。句意為：由于廣播呼吁援助地震受害者，已經(jīng)募集到100多萬英鎊?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.suspect n.嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人；可疑分子嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人；

9、可疑分子vt.懷疑，懷疑，疑心，猜想疑心，猜想adj.可疑的，靠不住的可疑的，靠不住的歸納拓展（1）suspect sb.of doing sth.懷疑某人做了某事suspect sb./sth.to be.猜想某人suspect that-clause懷疑（2）suspicion n.猜疑；懷疑suspicion about sth./sb./that-clause疑心suspicious adj.有疑心的，表示懷疑的be suspicious about/of sth./sb.對(duì)某物/某人疑心；對(duì)某物/某人表示懷疑知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：She suspected him of giving

10、 false information.她懷疑他提供假情報(bào)。Most people dont，I suspect,realize this.我想大多數(shù)人是意識(shí)不到這一點(diǎn)兒的。I resent your suspicions about my motives.我討厭你懷疑我的動(dòng)機(jī)。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The two men were _ of receiving stolen property, which made their parents worried.A.suspectedB.doubtedC.arrestedD.blamed【解析解析】句意為：這兩個(gè)男子被懷疑收受贓物，

11、讓他們的父母非常擔(dān)心。suspect sb.of doing sth.“懷疑某人做某事”，此處用其被動(dòng)形式?！敬鸢复鸢浮緼知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4. seek vt.&vi.（sought，sought）搜尋，尋找，尋）搜尋，尋找，尋求；企圖，試圖（常跟不定式）求；企圖，試圖（常跟不定式）歸納拓展seek after/for尋求；追求，尋找seek through找遍seek sb./sth.out挑選出，物色；下決心找到seek sth.from sb.向某人尋求某物seek to do sth.(正式)試圖做某事seek ones advice/help征求某人的意見/尋求幫助seek ones

12、 fortune尋找致富或成功之道知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：We must seek for/after a solution to the problem.我們必須找出解決問題的方法。They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protesters.他們迅速設(shè)法遠(yuǎn)離抗議者。I will seek my doctors advice.我將征求醫(yī)生的意見。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Many young graduates devoted dozens of years to _ success in life.A.seekB.se

13、ekingC.searchD.searching【解析解析】在devote.to結(jié)構(gòu)中，to為介詞，故后需接doing形式，seeking相當(dāng)于trying to find。D項(xiàng)若為searching for,則為正確答案?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5.blame vt.責(zé)備，指責(zé)，把責(zé)備，指責(zé)，把歸咎于歸咎于n.埋怨，責(zé)備，責(zé)怪；責(zé)任埋怨，責(zé)備，責(zé)怪；責(zé)任歸納拓展（1）blame sb.for sth./doing sth.因?yàn)槟呈露?zé)備某人/責(zé)備某人做了某事blame sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人be to blame（for sth.）應(yīng)（為）承擔(dān)責(zé)任；該（為）受責(zé)備（此處不

14、能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）（2）accept/bear/get/take the blame for sth.對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.將某事歸咎于某人知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Dont always blame your own failure on others.Sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要總把失敗歸咎于他人。有時(shí)該怪你自己。The report blames poor safety standards for the accident.報(bào)告把事故的原因歸咎于安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)低。The government will

15、 have to take the blame for the riots.政府將不得不對(duì)騷亂承擔(dān)責(zé)任。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)誘導(dǎo)展望“對(duì)某事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任；應(yīng)受指責(zé)”應(yīng)譯為be to blame for sth.，而學(xué)生易用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。試譯：絕不應(yīng)該責(zé)備她。She is no way to blame.知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】The managing director took the _ for the accident，although it was not really his fault.A.guiltB.blameC.chargeD.accusation【解析解析】考查“take t

16、he blame for sth.對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé)任”短語(yǔ)的用法。句意為：總經(jīng)理對(duì)此次事故負(fù)責(zé)任，盡管那真的不是他的錯(cuò)?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Is it the driver or the passer-by _ is _for the accident?A.whom;to blameB.who;to be blamedC.that;to be blamedD.who;to blame【解析解析】空一處考查who/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞driver or the passerby;空二考查blame的用法，blame不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，常用于短語(yǔ)be to blame for“為負(fù)責(zé)

17、”。句意為：是司機(jī)還是行人應(yīng)該為這起事故負(fù)責(zé)？綜上，可知答案為D項(xiàng)。【答案答案】D知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)二要點(diǎn)二 短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)1.leave behind 遺留，遺忘；把遺留，遺忘；把拋在后面拋在后面歸納拓展leave for動(dòng)身去leave out省略leave sb.sth.=leave sth.to sb.遺贈(zèng)（給某人），死后留下leave sb./sth.+n./adj./v.-ing/p.p./to do/介詞短語(yǔ)使/讓保持某種狀態(tài)例句：It wont rain; you can leave your umbrella behind.不會(huì)下雨，你不必帶傘了。The storm left a

18、 trail of destruction behind.暴風(fēng)雨過后留下滿目瘡痍的景象。This word is wrongly spelt;youve left out a letter.這個(gè)詞拼錯(cuò)了，你漏了一個(gè)字母。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)誘導(dǎo)展望“把忘/落在某地了”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞leave而不用forget。試譯：我把手套忘/落在公共汽車上了。Ive left my gloves on the bus.【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】When considering how to settle the problem，the most important factorweather，he had _ .A.lef

19、t outB.left behindC.left offD.left over【解析解析】句意為：在考慮解決問題的辦法時(shí)，他把最重要的因素天氣給忘記了。leave out “遺漏，省略”，符合題意。【答案答案】A知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.on behalf of代表，為了代表，為了的利益的利益歸納拓展(1)on behalf of sb.=on sb.s behalfin behalf of sb.=in sb.s behalf（美語(yǔ)）二者都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；為某人的利益；為了幫助某人”。(2)同義詞或詞組有： stand forrepresent 代表例句：On behalf of m

20、y colleagues and myself, I thank you.我代表我的同事以及我自己向你表示謝意。She gave a piano recital in/on behalf of a charity.她為慈善機(jī)構(gòu)舉行了一場(chǎng)鋼琴獨(dú)奏會(huì)。The broker expressed thanks to the fans for their support on behalf of the star.經(jīng)紀(jì)人代表明星向影迷們表達(dá)了支持的謝意。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Mother Teresas efforts _ Calcuttas poor eventually brought

21、 her the Nobel Peace Prize.A.in honour ofB.in place ofC.on behalf ofD.on account of【解析解析】句意為：德蘭修女為加爾各答窮人所做的一切努力最終為她贏得了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。on behalf of sb.“為了某人的利益”，符合題意?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.take up歸納拓展(1)開始從事，開始對(duì)有興趣(2)占據(jù)(時(shí)間、空間、注意力等)(3)著手處理，著手進(jìn)行(4)拿起、舉起、接受(建議或挑戰(zhàn))例句：Sorry to have taken up so much of your time.對(duì)不起，占了你這

22、么多時(shí)間。All the soldiers took up their arms and dashed at the enemies.所有的戰(zhàn)士都拿起武器向敵人沖過去。I took up my first teaching post in 1995.1995年我走上了第一個(gè)教學(xué)崗位。Hes going to take this matter up with his lawyer.他將同他的律師一起著手處理此事。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】Obama,the first black president in American history, _ presidency on Januar

23、y 20th,2009.A.held upB.took upC.picked upD.set up 【解析解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。hold up“延遲，阻礙”；take up“開始從事，占據(jù)”；pick up“撿起，拾起，加快速度”；set up“設(shè)置，創(chuàng)辦”。句意為：奧巴馬，美國(guó)歷史上的第一任黑人總統(tǒng)，在2009年1月20日就任總統(tǒng)?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)These teenagers dont know much of the world yet; thats why they were so easily _ .A.taken upB.taken onC.taken inD.ta

24、ken off【解析解析】take in意為“欺騙”。句意為：這些青少年對(duì)世界的了解還很少，這就是他們?yōu)槭裁慈绱巳菀妆黄垓_的原因。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)要點(diǎn)三要點(diǎn)三 語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，即動(dòng)詞的非限定形式，主要指在句中不能當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，而是充當(dāng)其他語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有三種：動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞），現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞又統(tǒng)稱為動(dòng)詞的ing形式，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是有語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中的作用以及各自的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同形式分別見下表：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在句子中的作用：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的形

25、式 知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作主語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)1.能作主語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，只有動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞。2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要注意以下幾個(gè)問題：（1）形式主語(yǔ)的使用不定式作主語(yǔ)常用it作形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)一般不用it作形式主語(yǔ)。但要注意下列系表結(jié)構(gòu)中，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)可以用it作形式主語(yǔ)。It is no good/not any good/no use/not any use/a waste of time.等。例句：Its not much good expecting him to help.期待他幫忙沒有多大的好處。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)（2）不定式邏輯主語(yǔ)的表達(dá)（for sb./of sb.）當(dāng)作表語(yǔ)的形容詞是修飾

26、不定式動(dòng)作時(shí)，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)用for sb.；當(dāng)形容詞修飾邏輯主語(yǔ)（人）本身時(shí)，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)用of sb.。注意：在下列情況中，只能用前者:無生命。太長(zhǎng)或兩個(gè)以上并列。不定代詞、指示代詞或情景代詞。there be結(jié)構(gòu)。（3）動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)，常用形容詞性物主代詞（人稱代詞賓格）/名詞所有格+（not）+v.-ing，只要不在句首二者都可用。例句：His coming added to our joy.他的到來增加了我們的快樂。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)（1）作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)某些動(dòng)詞后只能用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。常見的此類動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)在前面單元的語(yǔ)法中已具體講到過，故不再講述。（2

27、）作介詞的賓語(yǔ)例句：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.我們正考慮為下學(xué)期制定新的計(jì)劃。（3）作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)例句：The music is well worth listening to more than once.這種曲子很值得多聽?zhēng)妆?。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.不定式作賓語(yǔ)在及物動(dòng)詞后常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的單詞在前面已具體講過，故不再贅述。注意：不定式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)用it替換，it為形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的賓語(yǔ)不定式后置。區(qū)別角度不定式動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)作的發(fā)生待發(fā)生已發(fā)生動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前動(dòng)作所指表特指（特定動(dòng)作）表

28、泛指（普通事實(shí)）所指的信息新信息已知信息邏輯主語(yǔ)句子的主語(yǔ)一致未定知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)注意：不定式和動(dòng)名詞在作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)時(shí)都可以從這幾個(gè)方面去區(qū)別。動(dòng)名詞可以自由地作介詞賓語(yǔ)，而不定式只能跟少數(shù)介詞作賓語(yǔ)。如besides，but，except，instead of，rather than，save（除之外）等。其中besides，but，except，save前如果有行為動(dòng)詞do的形式，其后的不定式不帶to，否則要帶to。instead of，rather than后面的內(nèi)容常和前面一致。但記住句型：prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.。注意：1.在這個(gè)

29、問題上要注意作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之間的關(guān)系。如果主語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，就用不定式；如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系就用動(dòng)名詞（主動(dòng)式）或不定式的被動(dòng)式。這時(shí)主語(yǔ)往往是物不是人。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2.如果主語(yǔ)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，但主語(yǔ)是人，這時(shí)常常用不定式的被動(dòng)式而不用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)式。例句：He wanted to be sent to the front with his brother.他想和他哥哥一起去前線。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作表語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)句子主語(yǔ)常是表示無生命的事物的名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。表語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、

30、表語(yǔ)可互換位置。例句：Your task is cleaning the windows.=Cleaning the windows is your task.你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。2.不定式作表語(yǔ)：不定式在系動(dòng)詞后面作表語(yǔ)。例句：At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.在那時(shí)，他的工作就是給報(bào)紙寫報(bào)道。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作定語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)名詞（往往作前置定語(yǔ)），表示被修飾詞的某種用途。例句：The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills.醫(yī)生叫我不要服安眠藥。2.不定式（

31、往往構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)）（1）動(dòng)賓關(guān)系（2）主謂關(guān)系（3）偏正關(guān)系（4）there be結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.她是第一個(gè)當(dāng)選這個(gè)職務(wù)的女人。He is not a man to help others.他不是能幫助人的人。I have no chance to see the film.我沒機(jī)會(huì)看這部電影。There is nothing to do.（強(qiáng)調(diào)人本身）我沒事可干。（Im free now.）There is nothing to be done.（強(qiáng)調(diào)事本身

32、）我沒事可干。（Nothing can be done.Id like to do something but none.）知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3.分詞（單個(gè)的分詞作定語(yǔ)常置于被修飾的名詞之前，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)常置于被修飾的名詞之后）例句：What disappointing news!多么令人失望的消息！She bought a computer produced in China.她買了一臺(tái)中國(guó)產(chǎn)的電腦。注意：there be句型中的不定式作定語(yǔ)用主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)都可以。例句：There is no time to lose.=There is no time to be lost.時(shí)間很緊迫。但是在下列句

33、子中，不定式主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)形式意義不同：知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Have you anything to wash?有東西要洗嗎？No，nothing.I plan to go shopping.沒有，我打算去買東西。不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是you。例句：Have you anything to be washed?有東西要洗嗎？No，thank you.沒有，謝謝你。不定式動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是you，相當(dāng)于省略了（.to be washed）by me或by someone else。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)不定式目的、結(jié)果、原因、獨(dú)立成分例句：They got up early in order

34、not to/so as not to be late.為了不遲到他們起得很早。（目的）Im happy/pleased/surprised to see you.見到你我很高興/滿意/吃驚。（原因）To make a long story short，they came back safe.長(zhǎng)話短說，他們平安地回來了。（獨(dú)立成分）分詞時(shí)間、原因、伴隨、結(jié)果、方式、條件等知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)例句：Hearing the news，they jumped with great joy.聽到這個(gè)消息，他們高興得跳了起來。（時(shí)間）Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep

35、.由于旅途勞累，他很快就睡著了。（原因）She sat at the desk，reading a newspaper.她坐在桌子邊讀報(bào)紙。（伴隨）Millions of trees had been blown down by the typhoon，blocking roads，paths and railways.上百萬棵樹被臺(tái)風(fēng)刮倒，阻塞了道路、小徑和鐵路。（結(jié)果）知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)In Arab countries，people eat using the fingers of their right hands.在阿拉伯國(guó)家，人們用右手吃東西。（方式）Given more atten

36、tion，the trees could have grown better.如果這些樹被給予更多的關(guān)注，就會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好了。（條件）知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)1.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示反復(fù)性、經(jīng)常性、一次性和未來意義，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過程時(shí)，多用不定式。例句：I asked Tom to help me with my English.我請(qǐng)湯姆幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。2.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在分詞。例句：I saw him reading a novel.我看見他在看小說。3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示完成的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)或表示被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)作時(shí)，要用過去分詞。例句：I found t

37、he mirror broken.我發(fā)現(xiàn)鏡子碎了。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn).非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定形式，要切記是直接在非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的前面加not。尤其要注意有邏輯主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，很容易犯錯(cuò)誤。如for sb.not to do sth.，his not coming等。知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)【鏈接訓(xùn)練鏈接訓(xùn)練】At the beginning of class，the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A.opened and closedB.to be opened and closedC.being o

38、pened and closedD.to open and close【解析解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)，名詞 desk 和動(dòng)詞 open 和 close 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，動(dòng)詞-ing形式表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。A項(xiàng)為過去分詞，表示被動(dòng)或完成；B項(xiàng)為不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，此結(jié)構(gòu)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；D項(xiàng)為不定式主動(dòng)形式，不表被動(dòng)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，可用來作定語(yǔ)，復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)題意，選C?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)I can hardly imagine the great trouble they will have to t

39、ake _ their war-struck country.A.rebuildingB.rebuildC.to rebuildD.rebuilt【解析解析】句意為：我?guī)缀鯚o法想象他們重建被戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)蹂躪的國(guó)家將付出的巨大努力。they will have to take是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞trouble,構(gòu)成take trouble to do sth.意為“付出努力做某事”，而to rebuild their war-struck country是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)It remains _ whether Tom will be fit enough to pla

40、y in the films.A.seenB.seeingC.to be seenD.to see【解析解析】句意為：湯姆是否適合在這部影片中出演角色還有待于觀察。不定式的被動(dòng)式表示將來，作remain后的表語(yǔ)。【答案答案】C知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)_ out of work for a few months,the old man had to take up the job of repairing shoes.A.To beB.BeingC.Having beenD.Having【解析解析】句子的主語(yǔ)the old man與be out of work之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)；又

41、根據(jù)for a few months可知，be out of work已持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間，故要用-ing形式的完成式作狀語(yǔ)，選C?！敬鸢复鸢浮緾知識(shí)要點(diǎn)知識(shí)要點(diǎn)Whats the matter with Tim?Oh.Tims cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally,never _ again.A.to findB.to be foundC.findingD.being found【解析解析】考查不定式表結(jié)果。never,only加不定式，常常表示與主觀愿望相差很遠(yuǎn)的結(jié)果，又cell phone與find構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，選B?！敬鸢复鸢浮緽Thank you !