中考英語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)法精講精練 第1節(jié) 名詞課件 人教新目標(biāo)版.ppt

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英語(yǔ) 第1節(jié)名詞 考點(diǎn)突破 中考導(dǎo)航 課堂小測(cè) 中考模擬演練 中考導(dǎo)航 名詞是表示人 事物 地方 現(xiàn)象或抽象概念名稱的詞 從名詞所表示的事物的性質(zhì)看 可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞兩類 可數(shù)名詞有復(fù)數(shù)形式 不可數(shù)名詞一般沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式 從名詞的類別看 個(gè)體名詞和集體名詞是可數(shù)名詞 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞是不可數(shù)名詞 可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式一般可以用不定冠詞 a an 修飾 不可數(shù)名詞一般不能用不定冠詞 a an 修飾 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 1 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 2 以o結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)時(shí) 一般表示無(wú)生命含義的詞加 s 表示有生命含義的詞加 es 讀 z 如 photo photos piano pianos two twoshero heroes tomato tomatoes potato potatoes 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 3 個(gè)別名詞單數(shù)形式和復(fù)數(shù)形式是一樣的 如 sheep deer fish Chinese等 4 某國(guó)人 變復(fù)數(shù)口訣 中日不變英法變 其余s加后面 如 Chinese Chinese Japanese Japanese Englishman Englishmen Frenchman Frenchmen American Americans German Germams 5 集體名詞 表示由若干個(gè)體組成的集合體 如 family class team group army等 集體名詞作主語(yǔ) 如視為整體 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) 如視為個(gè)體成員 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) 如 Ourteamneedsmoneytoplayinanothercity 我們隊(duì)需要錢去另一個(gè)城市比賽 Myfamilyareverywell 我的家人都很好 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 6 只能用復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞 trousers clothes people police cattle 7 由兩個(gè)名詞組成的復(fù)合名詞常在最后一個(gè)名詞變復(fù)數(shù) 如 agirlstudent twogirlstudentsanappletree fiveappletrees但如果第一個(gè)名詞是man或woman時(shí) 兩個(gè)名詞都要變復(fù)數(shù) 如 awomanteacher tenwomenteachersamannurse threemennurses 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 母題訓(xùn)練 1 2015廣東 Mickeymouseisoneofthemostfamous inAmerican A symbol cultureB symbol culturesC symbols cultureD symbols cultures C 考點(diǎn)突破 中考預(yù)測(cè) 5 Whatagood you vegivenme Thanksalot Mypleasure A informationB newsC suggestionD advice C 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 母題訓(xùn)練 2 2012廣東 ThestudentsofGrade7visitedMike sfarmandsawmanythere A birdB duckC sheepD rabbit C 考點(diǎn)突破 中考預(yù)測(cè) 6 Mysisterhasapenpal Sheisfrom A CanadaB JapaneseC EnglishD Australian A 母題訓(xùn)練 3 2011廣東 Ihearyourunforhalfanhoureveryday Right wehaveto Itisoneoftheinourschool A rulesB plansC hobbiesD choices A 考點(diǎn)突破 中考預(yù)測(cè) 7 Myfatherlovesfishing It soneofhis A hobbiesB hobbyC ahobbyD somehobbies A 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 考點(diǎn)突破 母題訓(xùn)練 4 2010廣東 Look Thekitesintheskyareindifferent Somearebigandsomearesmall A sizeB sizesC colourD colours B 中考預(yù)測(cè) 8 Couldyougivesometotheteachers A advice manB advices menC suggestion manD suggestions men D 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 1 不可數(shù)名詞通常無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)形式 2 在沒有量詞的情況下 不可數(shù)名詞前不能用a an這兩個(gè)不定冠詞 3 不可數(shù)名詞的量不可數(shù)名詞要表示 一件 一個(gè) 等 量 的概念時(shí) 要用 數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)量的名詞 of 名詞 來表示 如 apieceofpaper 一張紙 twopiecesofpaper 兩張紙 acupoftea 一杯茶 fivecupsoftea 五杯茶 abottleofjuice 一杯果汁 fourbottlesofjuice 四杯果汁 4 某些名詞 表示物質(zhì)或抽象概念時(shí)是不可數(shù)的 而在表示個(gè)體概念時(shí)是可數(shù)的 如 Aglassismadeofglass 玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的 句中的第一個(gè)glass是玻璃杯 是個(gè)體名詞 是可數(shù)的 第二個(gè)glass意思是玻璃 是物質(zhì)名詞 就是不可數(shù)的了 再如 paper 紙 不可數(shù) apaper 報(bào)紙 論文 試卷 可數(shù) 考點(diǎn)突破 英語(yǔ) 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 母題訓(xùn)練 1 2013廣東 Mum I veheardthatwecan teat thesedays Isittrue Takeiteasy Itissafetoeatcookedmeat A chickenB chickensC achickenD thechicken中考預(yù)測(cè) 2 Thereisn tany inthefridge Weneedtogoshopping A orangesB milkC eggsD apples A 考點(diǎn)突破 B 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 名詞所有格用來表示名詞和名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系 1 表示有生命名詞的所有格 單數(shù)形式是加s 復(fù)數(shù)形式加s 如 students rooms father sshoes 2 表示時(shí)間 距離 長(zhǎng)度 重量 價(jià)格 世界 國(guó)家等名詞的所有格用s 如 atwentyminutes walk tenmiles journey twopounds weight tendollars worth 3 無(wú)生命名詞的所有格則用of結(jié)構(gòu) 如 amapofChina theendofthisterm thecapitalofourcountry 5 雙重所有格afriendofmymother s 我媽媽的一個(gè)朋友 apictureofTom s 湯姆的一張圖片 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 6 表示商鋪 某人的家 診所或餐館等的名詞所有格 其后名詞可以省略 巧學(xué)妙記 名詞所有格 某物是 誰(shuí)的 構(gòu)成有方法 多數(shù)把 s加 復(fù)數(shù)詞尾有s 只加 即可 名詞無(wú)生命 常把of用 時(shí)間 地點(diǎn)和距離 所有格多用s atmyuncle s 在我叔叔的家里 atthedoctor s 在醫(yī)生的診所里 7 可用 s或of短語(yǔ)表示的名詞所有格theboy sname thenameoftheboy 男孩的名字 thedog slegs thelegsofthedog 狗的腿 China spopulation thepopulationofChina 中國(guó)的人口 China scapital thecapitalofChina 中國(guó)的首都 考點(diǎn)突破 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 母題訓(xùn)練 1 2014廣東 KatherinewasexcitedtoreceiveadozenofrosesfromherhusbandonDay A WomanB WomenC Woman sD Women s中考預(yù)測(cè) 3 Tomorrowis Thestudentswanttobuysomeflowersfortheirteachers A TeacherDayB Teacher sDayC Teachers DayD theTeachersDay D 考點(diǎn)突破 C 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 母題訓(xùn)練 2 2008廣東 mothersbothworkinthesamehospital A TimandPeter sB Tim sandPeterC Tim sandPeter sD TimandPeter中考預(yù)測(cè) 4 Thisiscomputer A Ann sandTomB AnnandTom sC AnnandTomD Ann sandTom s C 考點(diǎn)突破 B 考點(diǎn)突破 易混名詞辨析 1 cloth clothes clothing與dress 1 cloth指 布 布料 2 clothes指具體的衣服 包括內(nèi)衣 外衣 不能與數(shù)詞連用 3 clothing是服裝的總稱 包括內(nèi)衣 外衣 還包括帽子 鞋襪 手套之類 只用單數(shù) 無(wú)復(fù)數(shù) 4 dress作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí) 指外衣 尤指社交場(chǎng)合穿的服裝 作可數(shù)名詞時(shí) 常指連衣裙 練習(xí) adish Iwanttobuysports Nowpeopleareallintheirwinter Sheworeabluelastnight cloth clothes clothing dress 考點(diǎn)突破 2 dinner與meal的區(qū)別 1 dinner是指 正餐 午飯或晚飯 或 宴會(huì) 2 meal是指 一餐 一頓飯 而言 練習(xí) Let sgoandhavetogether Whattimedoyouusuallyhaveyour 3 sound voice noise 1 sound 聲音 指耳朵能聽到的各種聲音 多做可數(shù)名詞 2 voice 聲音 主要指人的聲音 3 noise指 噪音 可以作可數(shù)名詞 也可做不可數(shù)名詞 詞組有 makeanoise等 練習(xí) Iwaswaitingfortheoftheothershoe Theteachersaidinaloud Pleasekeepsilent Buteverynightheheardtheupstairs dinner meals voice noise sound 考點(diǎn)突破 4 job與work都可譯為 工作 勞動(dòng) job work是常用詞 其區(qū)別 job是可數(shù)名詞 work是不可數(shù)名詞 練習(xí) Shegotaofwashingclothes Ittakesalotoftobuildabuilding 5 person people與man的區(qū)別這三個(gè)詞有共同之處 都有 人 的意思 但也有不同之處 1 person是指 人 男人或女人 有單數(shù)形式 也有復(fù)數(shù)形式 2 people是復(fù)數(shù)形式 指 人民 人們 不能指一個(gè)人 3 man專指 男人 也指 人類 不用復(fù)數(shù)形式 不加冠詞 練習(xí) Twoarewaitingforyou Helivedfortheanddiedforthepeople Allmustdie job work people persons men 考點(diǎn)突破 6 problem與question都可譯為 問題 但它們所含的意思并不相同 1 question一般是指等待回答的 問題 提問 2 problem一般是指等待解決 solve 或決定 decide 的 問題 難題 練習(xí) MayIasksome That sno Icanlendyoumymoney 7 table與desk都可譯為 桌子 其區(qū)別 table通常用于吃飯 游樂等 desk用于讀書或辦公 并且大多附有抽屜 常被稱為 書桌 課桌 辦公桌 等 練習(xí) Wewereatwhenhearrived Therearemanyintheclassroom problem questions table desks 考點(diǎn)突破 8 floor與ground兩者都有 地面 地上 的含義 其區(qū)別 floor一般指室內(nèi)的地上 地板 地面 而ground常指室外的地面 也可泛指地球表面 練習(xí) HewassittingonthewhenIcamein Theiswetnow Itmusthaverainedlastnight 9 door與gate都可譯為 門 其區(qū)別 1 door一般指房子 房間 家具等的門 還可用于比喻意義 2 gate指圍墻 柵欄 籬笆等的開口處 練習(xí) Closethewhenyougoout Hewalkedthroughtheintothegarden floor ground door gate 考點(diǎn)突破 10 road way street 1 road指 公路 馬路 指兩側(cè)之間可以通行人或車輛的大道 在馬路上 一般用ontheroad 穿過馬路 用crosstheroad 或goacrosstheroad 2 way意為 路線 路途 方法 等 統(tǒng)指從一地到另一地的路途 常用固定詞組有inthisway 用這種方式 onthewayto 在去 的路上 getinthewayof 擋道 等 3 street表示 街道 其兩邊有建筑物 在街上 一般用inthestreet 穿過街道 一般用gothroughthestreet 練習(xí) Excuseme canyoutellmethetothepostoffice Whenhewenthome hesawanoldwomanlyinginthe Theinthisvillageiswiderthanbefore way road street 考點(diǎn)突破 11 family home 1 family表示 家 家庭 也可指全體家庭成員 2 home意為 家 帶有眷戀等感情色彩 練習(xí) Tomhasabig Therearesixpeopleinhis ShehasbeeninShenzhenfor10years Shenzhenhasbecomehersecond 12 idea advice 1 idea表示 主意 是可數(shù)名詞 例如 agoodidea一個(gè)好主意 2 advice表示 建議 忠告 是不可數(shù)名詞 例如 apieceofadvice一個(gè)忠告 一個(gè)建議 練習(xí) CanyougivemesomeonhowtolearnEnglishwell Hehasgotagoodtodealwithhisoldbooks family family home advice idea 名詞辨析完形填空專練 Oncetherelivedanunhappykingwhosleptbadlyanddidn tfeellikeeatinganything Thismadethe 1 andhispeopleworried A 2 wascalledintoexaminehim Thedoctorsaidit sallinhismindinsteadofhisbody Soneither 3 norrestcouldhelphimbutashirtofahappyperson Theprimeministerwascalledtothe 4 Whenhearingtheking ssituation hesaid AlthoughIhavemuch 5 itdoesn tmakemehappy I malwaysworriedaboutlosingit Then theking sbankercameandsaidhehadlotsofwealth buthealsoworriedaboutlosingit Hewasneverhappy either Next thepalacesingercameandhis 6 werealmostthesame Finally thetopgeneralwastoldtofindahappy 7 inthreedays time Luckily hefoundapoormanwithoutpower moneyorfamesinginghappilyona 8 Thegeneralaskedhimwhatmadehimsohappy Thepoormanansweredthathehadeverythinghewantedandhedidn twantthosehecouldn thave His 9 camefromthehappinessinhisheart Whenthegeneralaskedfortheman s 10 tohissurprise themansaid Whatshirt Idon townanyshirts 1 A queenB princeC princessD brother 2 A manB womanC doctorD superman 3 A goldB powerC moneyD medicine 4 A palaceB houseC roomD grassland 5 A moneyB goldC powerD help 6 A wordsB songsC questionsD shirts 7 A manB singerC kingD queen 8 A palaceB streetC islandD river 9 A shirtsB wordsC moneyD songs 10 A songB shirtC moneyD happiness A C D A C A A B D B 課堂小測(cè) 1 2015婁底 Wouldyoulikesome fordinner OK A tomatosB tomatoC tomatoesD potatos 2 2015江西 Therearelotsof thatstudentshavetofollowinschool exercisesB problemsC skillsD rules 3 2015云南 Youaresupposedtobemorecarefultomakefewerwhileyouarewriting troubleB matterC mistakesD problems 4 2015湖北黃岡 What syourfavorite Jim Myfavoriteis IoftenlistentoitonMP3 sportsB danceC scienceD music C D C D 課堂小測(cè) 5 2015山東濰坊 OnSeptember3therewillbesomeChinatocelebratethe70 yearvictoryoftheAnti JapaneseWar A actionsB projectsC traditionsD activities 6 2015海南 IthinkZhouXunisoneofthebest IlikehermoviesverymuchdoctorsB playersC actressesD teachers 7 2015哈爾濱 Healthisimportantforusteenagers soweshouldeatmorevegetablessuchas tokeephealthy A tomatoesandpotatoesB tomatosandpotatosC tomatosandpotatoesD tomatoandpotato 8 2015德州 TheNewYorkTimesisapopulardaily A dictionaryB magazineC newspaperD guidebook D C A C 課堂小測(cè) 9 2015天津 In1998 LiuXiang s inhurdlingwasnoticedbySunJiangping abilityB tradeC electricityD memory 10 2015溫州 Anniehasa andsheisgoingtoseeherdentisttoday coldB feverC coughD toothache 11 2015武威 Hehasacollectionof Hecannotonlyenjoythembutalsousethemtomailletters A stampsB novelsC instrumentsD magazines 12 2015蘭州 Ipaid 10forthismorning A 4bottlemilksB 4bottlesofmilkC 4bottlesofmilksD 4milk A A D B 課堂小測(cè) 13 2015山東青島 YesterdayLucytoldussuchgoodthatwewereallamazedatit newsB ideasC suggestionD answer 14 2015遼寧 I mhungry MayIhavesomethingtoeat OK Here ssome orangeB breadC waterD milk 15 2015黑龍江 Couldyougivemesome Itriedseveraltimesbutfailed noticeB suggestionC adviceD warm 16 2015烏魯木齊 Ourteachersusuallygiveussomeonhowtofacethedifficultiesandchallenges A advice braveB advices braveC advices bravelyD advice bravely A C B D 課堂小測(cè) 17 2015克拉瑪依 areplanningtogoonvacation Black sB ABlack sC TheBlack sD TheBlacks 18 2015武威 motherscan tgototheparents meetingbecausetheyaretoobusy A Jack sandPaulB Jack sandPaul sC JackandPaul sD JackandPaul 19 2015達(dá)州 Whosedogisthis It s Bothoflikeitverymuch A Eric sandMike s themB EricandMike s themC EricandMike s theyD Eric sandMike s they 20 2015佛山 TimesmagazinesaysthatsmartLegohasbecomeoneoffavoritetoys A childB childrenCchildren sD child s D B B C 英語(yǔ) 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 1 What bowofnoodleswouldyoulike small mediumorlarge Alargebowlofbeefnoodles please A colorB pirceC sizeD kind 2 Doyoulike No Ilikeblue A orangeB applesC flowersD milk 3 AfterP E Ioftenfeelverythirsty Whynotbuysometodrink A breadB noodlesC applejuiceD teas 4 SpringisTom sfavourite Helikeswarmweather A holidayB seasonC fruitD drink C 中考模擬演練 A C B 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 5 YoumaygotoMilanforafreetrip It saverykind butIreallycan tacceptit A excuseB offerC promiseD decision 6 Lily couldyoupleasepassmethe Iwanttocuttheapple Sure hereyouare penB pencilC bookD knife 7 Iamtired Thisisnottherighttoaskmetogoforawalk A momentB chanceC placeD season 8 Inthistest we reaskedtowriteapassageofabout A 80 wordsB 80 wordC 80wordsD 80words D A 中考模擬演練 D C 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 9 HowfarisitfromTianjintoChangsha ItisaflightfromTianjintoChangsha A 2 hour longB 2 hours longC 2hours longD 2hourlong 10 WhenPetercomes pleaseaskhimtoleavea A noticeB messageC sentenceD information 11 Whatwillglobalwarming 全球變暖 bringus Scientistshavegivenusaclearlist A newsB dangersC coursesD advantages 12 Ifyouworkharder you llhaveanothertoplaytheviolinataconcert A sleepB chanceC mistakeD problem 中考模擬演練 A B B B 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 13 YesterdayfordinnerIhadapieceofbeef vegetablesand A somericeB afewriceC alittlericesD arice 14 Theboydidn tsleepwelllastnightbecauseofthefromthefactory A voiceB noiseC musicD song 15 TherearesomeinDaytonArtMuseum Forexample nofoodordrinkisallowedinside A jobsB recordsC rulesD paintings B A 中考模擬演練 B 16 Mum Iamhungry MayIhavesome Ofcourse Butdon teattoomuch A breadB noodleC dumplingD hamburger A 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 17 WhenisDay It sonJune1st Dave A ChildB ChildrenC Child sD Children s 18 Mr Blackisateacherof Sheandherclassmateslikehimverymuch A mysisterB mysister sC mysistersD mysisters 19 Excuseme isthemuseumfarfromhere No it sabout A 5minuteswalkB 5minutewalkC 5minutes walkD 5minute swalk 20 Ilikethenewteacher Me too YesterdayshegavemeonstudyingChinese A someadvicesB anadviceC manyadvicesD someadvice D 中考模擬演練 B C D 英語(yǔ) 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 21 Therewasafoodaccidentinthisprimaryschool About60wereill butnowerelost A child livesB children lifeC children livesD child life 22 Ifyouwanttokeepingood youshouldtakeeveryday A health exercisesB healths exerciseC health exerciseD healths exercises 23 Howmany arethereonthetable Onlytwo A glassesoforangeB glassesoforangesC glassoforangeD glassoforanges 24 Forbreakfast Iusuallyhaveandtwopiecesofbread A acupofmilkhalfB halfacupofmilkC ahalfmilkcupD halfamilkcup D B 中考模擬演練 C C 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 25 Paper makingisofancientChina A oneofgreatestinventorB oneofthegreatestinventorsC oneofgreatestinventionD oneofthegreatestinventions 26 theteachersintheirschoolisabout200andonefourthofthemareteachers A Anumberof womenB Anumberof womanC Thenumberof womenD Thenumberof woman 27 Itisfiveyearssincewebegantoenjoya springholidayeachyear A ten dayB tendayC tenday sD ten days 28 Mary sskirtisthesameasher A sistersB brotherC sister sD brothers C 中考模擬演練 D C A 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 29 Idon tthinklookingafterchildrenisjust work A womanB woman sC womenD women s 30 Iwanttohaveahousenexttomysothattheycanlookaftermyson A parentB parentsC parent sD parents 31 Ihearwewillhaveaholidayin A twoday s twoday stimeB two day twoday stimeC two day twodays timeD twodays two daytime 32 WhatisMissGao sfavourite Sheisalwaysinpink Don tyouknow A colourB bookC songD movie 中考模擬演練 C D D A 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 33 LeeisnewinNanchang Maybeheneedsa forsightseeing A watchB ticketC mapD notebook 34 Mr White theprincipal hasmadeagreat tothegrowthoftheschool A contributionB progressC inventionD protection 35 IamsureCindywillbeabletofindthehotel shehasaprettygoodofdirection A ideaB feelingC experienceD sense 36 It sawisetowearthewhitetie Itmatchesyourshirtwell Thankyouverymuch A choiceB supportC mixtureD honour A A 中考模擬演練 C A 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 37 Wouldyoulikesome No thanks I mnothungryatall A waterB soupC orangeD bread 38 I mverythirstynow Wouldyoulikesome A teaB fishC noodlesD potatoes 39 Ihearyouarenotallowedtoeatinclass Right It soneofthe inourschool A plansB ordersC rulesD suggestions 40 The actionfilmhasattractedmillionsofyoungpeopletothecinema A 130 minuteB 130 minutesC 130minuteD 130minutes 中考模擬演練 D D A A 英語(yǔ) 首頁(yè) 末頁(yè) 謝謝