中級口譯教程梅德明第三版3-4文化差異.doc

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3-4 文化差異Culture Difference 詞匯預習 Settle down For good 奧斯卡最佳影片獎 First and foremost Long-stemmed rose Vigor and vitality Film postrer Make sense 舉例說明 Originality Give priority to Altruistic dedication Seminar Respond instantaneously Be obsessed with Working ethic Individual-orinted Moral autonomy Confucianism Sing high praises Uplift Communal harmony Take precedence over Global integration Go bowling The peony pavilion Broadway 課文口譯 A: 羅伯茨先生，您在中國生活兩年了，還習慣吧？ B:I think I′m quite used to my Chinese life here . Actually I′m thinking about settling down in China for good . A:前幾天我看可一部美國電影，片名叫《美國麗人》。我沒有完全看懂，我也不知道這部電影為何獲得了當年的奧斯卡最佳影片獎。我完全看懂可能是中美兩國的文化差異吧，或者叫做東西方文化差異。 B:This is a good topic and a broad topic , too . Let me talk a bit more about the film you mentioned . Actually , I have noticed a very interesting dafference many Chinese and Americans in understanding the title of the film. A:是嗎？ B:In some Oriental countries , the translation of the film′s title goes as something like A Beautiful Americian Lady , or even Beauty is Guily . While to most of the American , I am afaid the reaction towardf this title is mixed or confused, for they cannot decide what exactly the pharase might indicate . The flim fist and foremost refers to a type of rose bearing large , long-stemmmed purplish-red flowers. And the flowers usually remind people of romance , love , beauty in its abstract, sense, and vigor and vitality of a nation , etc . But this interesting image on the film′s poster has failed to make any sense to many Chinese viewers . A:你說的沒錯。至少我就沒想注意到這個意思！難道這是文化差異造成的嗎? B:Yes, absolutely . Such cultural differnces arise from the differences in region ,race, history ,environment , and in the levels of economic , scientic and technological development . B:您能給我舉例子嗎？比如說，您在中國的生活和工作中發(fā)現什么嚴重的文化差異或沖突嗎？ B:We wmphasize efficiency , competition and originality while your manmangement gives priority to careful planning and encourages close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members . In daily contacts, we tend to be humorous and casual while some of you appear more derious and formal . In American schools , discussion is given top priority and seminar is the usual way of class . Good teachers are those who possess flexible and adaptable talents , and are able to respond instantaneously at any moment to any question that might arise among the students. That kind of capacity makes a popular teacher in the United States. But Chinese teachers like to lecture in class ,and a lot of them are obsessed with examinations ; they spend long hours standarding and preparing lessons , and writing consistent and standardized teaching plans . All too often , they′re happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents. A:我感到美國人太看重個人主義，太看重個人利益，這樣可能會犧牲集體的利益，影響群體之間的和睦，甚至會損害社會的和諧。 B:Yes , in many cases , you′re right . American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented . We ofen value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.Central to Amerian political , economic and social thought is the concept of individual moral autonomy . If I am not mistaken , traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism , which sings high prises for individuals to uplift themselves for the benefit of commual harmon . That is , communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom. A可以這樣說，應該說是部分正確吧。盡管我們有如此多的文化差異，全球化浪潮正使世界變得越來越小，文化交流也隨之變得越來越廣泛。 B:Yes . The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before . Chinese learn English , Americans learn Chinese ; we drink tea,you drink coca-cola ; we exercise Kung Fu , you go bowling ;we enjoy Peking Duck , you like KFC; Titannic sailed into China , The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway . Nowadays , easterners and westerners are walking side by side , talking face to face , living, working and studying in harmony . The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to cultural exchangers. A:是的，“中國麗人”和“美國麗人”走到了一起。 我想這個話題還有許多值得我們探討的地方，由于時間關系，我們今天暫且談到這里。以后我們再接著聊吧。謝謝。 B:My pleasure. Yes, we′ll do it some other time . 參考譯文： A：MrRoberts, you have been living in China for two years .How do you like it ? B:我想我已十分習慣這里的生活，其實我還想在中國永久定居呢。 A：I saw an American Movie a few days ago , which is entitled “American Beauty”. I didn′t quite the story . I don′t quite understand why this movie won the Oscar for the best picture of the year , either. Maybe the answer is the difference between the Chinese and American cultures. Or rather , it is due to the culture difference between the East and the West . B:這是一很好的話題，也是一個很大的題目。我想先從你提到的電影談起。事實上，我注意到許多中國人和美國人在理解此片時有一個非常有趣的差別。 A：Yes? B:一些東方國家將這部電影的片名譯成《一個美麗的美國女士》，甚至譯成《美麗有罪》。大多數美國人對于這種片名的反應頗為復雜，他們頗感困惑，難以斷定這些詞究竟意味著什么。其實American beauty首先是指一種美國紅玫瑰，一種生有長莖的紫紅色的大花。這種花會讓人想到浪漫、愛情、抽象意義上的美，它還表示民族的勃勃生機等。我認為，這種見于電影海報的有趣意象，許多中國觀眾卻未能理解其中的含義。 A：That′s right . At least I didn′t get that . Is this due to cultural differences? B:確實這樣。這種文化差異是由地域、種族、歷史和環(huán)境的差異造成的，也是由經濟和科技水平的差異造成的。 A：Can you offer us some examples ? For instance , during your stay in China , have you have found any serious cultural differences or clashes with regard to life and work ? B:我們強調效率、競爭和獨創(chuàng)性，而你們則將嚴謹規(guī)劃放在首位，鼓勵團隊成員之間的密切合作個無私奉獻。在日常交往中，，我們往往比較幽默和隨意，而你們則比較認真和嚴肅。在美國學校，討論享有至高無上的地位，討論就是課堂教學的主旋律。優(yōu)秀教師具有靈活應變的才能，能睡會回答學生可能提出的各種問題。這樣的教師最受歡迎。而中國教師喜歡講課，喜歡考試，花許多時間起備課，編寫千篇一律的標準教案，培養(yǎng)齊劃一的高材生。 A:I think Americans give too much importance to individualism and personal gains ,so much so that ot might sacrifice collective benefits , hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society. B:你說得對，在很多情況下，確實如此。我們美國人的工作理念似乎更強調個人主義。我們一般重視的是結果和成就，而不是過程。美國政治觀、經濟觀以及社會觀的核心是個人道德自治觀。如果我沒理解錯的話，中國傳統(tǒng)的思想體系是以儒家學說為基礎的，這種思想強調整體和諧，強調整體和諧高于個體自由。 A：You may say so . I should say you are partially correct on that . In spite of so many cultural differences , globalization has brought the world increasingly closer . Likewise , cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive. B:是的。全球經濟一體化，不斷加速的信息革命，等等，都使世界的聯系比以往更加緊密。中國人學習英語，美國人學習漢語，美國人學習漢語；我們飲茶，你們喝可樂；我們練功夫，你們玩保齡球；我們品嘗北京烤鴨，你們喜歡肯德基；《泰坦尼克號》駛進了中國，《牡丹亭》也在百老匯上演了?，F在，東方人肩并肩走路，，面對面談，和諧的生活、工作和學習。整個世界由于文化的交流而變得越來越美麗。 A：Yes , “Chinese beauty” and “American beauty” are walking together . I belive there is still much room for further discussion on this topic . As time is limited , we have to stop here today . We are find some other time to continue our talk. Thank you . B:不客氣。是呀，我們另找時間再接著聊。