非謂語動詞課件-朱月-同濟大學.ppt

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非謂語動詞 不定式to V 現(xiàn)在分詞doing 過去分詞V ed byJulie朱月 1 非謂語動詞作狀語2 非謂語動詞作定語 非謂語動詞作狀語1 作狀語的判斷2 五大經(jīng)典原則3 解題四大步驟4 連詞之后加分詞5 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 1 作狀語的判斷Examples Q Givenonemorechance Iwouldliketotellthegirl Iloveyou 條件狀語A 周星馳 Q Toprovehissaying geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety ninepercentperspiration heworkedhardandhewassuccessfulatlast 目的狀語A Edison Q Havingbeeninlovewithherformanyyears ZhangJieismarriedwithher 原因狀語A 謝娜 Q IthappenedonMay12th2008 killingthousandsofpeople anevent 伴隨狀語A theEarthquakeinSichuan 1 不定式做狀語 只表示目的 結(jié)果或原因 Hehurriedhomeonlytofindhismoneystolen 結(jié)果狀語 Tomakehimselfheard heraisedhisvoice 目的狀語 Allofusaresurprisedtoseehisrapidprogress 原因狀語 不定式短語放在句首多作目的狀語 在句末多作原因狀語 結(jié)果狀語 2 現(xiàn)在分詞與不定式作結(jié)果狀語時的區(qū)別1 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries itthemostpopularsportintheworld A makingB makesC makeD tomake2 Hehurriedtothestationonly thatthetrainhadleft A tofindB findingC foundD tohavefound現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語往往表示 正常出現(xiàn)的 自然而然的或意料之中 的結(jié)果 不定式作結(jié)果狀語時通常表示 偶然的 出乎意料的 一種結(jié)果 Dfullpreparations wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek A NottomakeB NothavingbeenmadeC MakingD Nothavingmade 沒準備好 沒準備好 我們 決定延期 主動 practice分詞作狀語 1 When heat waterwillbechangedintovapor While heat water wecanchangeitintovapor 2 see fromthehill thecitylooksbeautiful see fromthehill youwillfindthecitybeautiful 3 Generallyspeaking when take accordingtothedirections thedrughasnosideeffect If take thedrugaccordingtothedirections youwillbebettersoon heated heating Seen Seeing taken taking 2 六大經(jīng)典原則原則一 非謂語動詞作狀語時 其邏輯主語原則上應與主句主語保持一致1 Standingontopofthetallbuilding wecouldseethewholecity Standing Whenwestood 2 Whilewatchingtelevision 2005年全國卷 A thedoorbellrangB thedoorbelltingsC weheardthedoorbellringD weheardthedoorbellrings 1 Mum whydoyoualwaysmakemeeataneggeveryday enoughproteinandnutritionasyouaregrowingup A GetB GettingC TogetD Tobegetting2 Inordertomakeourcitygreen A itisnecessarytohaveplantedmoretreesB manymoretreesneedtoplantC ourcityneedsmoretreesD wemustplantmoretrees Trueorfalse1 Beinganorphan thenursetreatedhimkindly 2 Hebeinganorphan thenursetreatedhimkindly 3 Ashewasanorphan thenursetreatedhimkindly T F T 原則二 作目的狀語 原則上用不定式Shegotupveryearlytocatchupthefirstbus 3 Whenaskedwhyhewentthere hesaidhewassentthere foraspaceflight 07江西卷 A trainingB beingtrainedC tohavetrainedD tobetrained 原則三 作結(jié)果狀語 可用 ing表結(jié)果在意料之中 用不定式作結(jié)果狀語表結(jié)果在意料之外Hehurriedtothestation only thatthetrainhadleft 05廣東卷 A tofindB findingC foundD tohavefoundHewasbusywritingastory onlyonceinawhiletosmokeacigarette 08遼寧 A tostopB stoppingC tohavestoppedD havingstopped還少一個ing表結(jié)果在意料之中的例句 原則四 有被動意義時 原則上用過去分詞 done 如動作尚未發(fā)生 則用不定式的被動 tobedone 如動作正在進行 則用 ing的被動 beingdone Whenshecamein shewassurprisedtofindastranger atthebackoftheclassroomwithhiseyes uponherA seating fixingB toseat fixingC havingseated fixedD seated fixedseatvt Iseatedmyself sitting Iwasseated Isatdown 原則五 強調(diào)動作發(fā)生在主句位于動作之前 原則上用完成式 據(jù)情況可用不定時的完成式或 ing的完成式 3 解題四大步驟分析句子結(jié)構(gòu) 辨別 謂語與非謂語 Shegotoffthebus butleftherhandbagonherseat Shegotoffthebus leavingherhandbagonherseat 找邏輯主語Wesatonthehighhillock listeningtotheoldstory Havingbeendumpedbyhisgf hedatedwithanothergirl Lookingfromthehill you llfindthecitylookslikeanant Admittingwhatyousay Istillthinkyouarewrong 一般來說 作狀語的非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語 1 everythingintoconsideration theyoughttohaveanotherchance 2 Everything intoconsideration theyoughttohaveanotherchance A totakeB takingC TobetakenD taken B D 分析語態(tài)確定邏輯主語之后 分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用上式主動還是被動關系 1 Youcan tcatchme Janeshouted away A runB runningC torunD ran2 inthemountainsforaweek thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbylocalpolice A HavinglostB LostC BeinglostD Losing B D 分析時態(tài)1 manytimes hestillrepeatedthesamemistakes 2 tofinishtheworkintwohours thestudentsarebusyinworking 3 hisstudentstofinishthepaper theteacherwalkedoutoftheclassroom A HavingbeentoldB TobetoldC HavingtoldD Told A D C 解題步驟方法總結(jié) 辨別 謂語與非謂語 找邏輯主語分析語態(tài)分析時態(tài) 4 連詞之后加分詞分詞短語常?？梢杂迷谀承┻B詞如since when while whenever nomatterhow once until等之后 看作是狀語從句中的省略現(xiàn)象 1 Nomatterhowfrequently theworksofBeethovenwillstillattractpeopleallovertheworld A performedB performingC tobeperformedD beingperforming2 When differentcultures weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities A comparedB beingcomparedC comparingD havingcompared A 注意點 1 不定式在表語形容詞后作狀語 用主動形式表被動意義 Thisquestionisdifficult answer Doyouthinkhimeasy work with Wefindthisrulehard remember 2 有些分詞已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楠毩⒊煞?含有 泛指 意義 在句中常作插入語 如 generallyspeaking judgingfrom talkingof supposingthat considering comparedto given Giventheirinexperience theyhavedoneagoodjob 注意點 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) 名詞 代詞 分詞獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語 相當于狀語從句 1 Weatherpermitting we llgooutingtomorrow 2 Therebeingnointerestingprograms heturnedofftheTVset 3 Allthingsconsidered theplanshouldbeputoff 4 Herushedintotheroom hisfacecoveredwithsweat 獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) Astherewasnobody hehadtogoalone There nobody hehadtogoalone Iftimepermits Iwillgotoseeyou Time Iwillgotoseeyou Astheworkedhadbeenfinished hewenttobed Thework hewenttobed 當存在不同主語時 可以用V ing形式的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu) being permitting finished 1 Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries itthemostpopularsportintheworld NMET1998 A makingB makesC makeD tomake2 Hehurriedtothestationonly thatthetrainhadleft 2005廣東 A tofindB findingC foundD tohavefound3 thegeneralstateofhishealth itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation A GivenB TogiveC GivingD Havinggiven4 HesentmeanE mail togetfurtherinformation A hopedB hopingC tohopeD hope 5 Theresearchissodesignedthatonce nothingcanbedonetochangeit A beginsB havingbegunC beginningD begun6 When themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear A completedC completingC beingcompletedD tobecompleted7 Thekey shewentthroughherhandbagcarefully A hadn tbeenfoundB havingnotbeenfoundC nothavingbeenfoundD wasn tfound C 8 IsBobstillperforming I mafraidnot Heissaid thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial A tohaveleftB tohaveC tohavebeenleftD tobeleft9 Aidsissaid thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears 2006湖北 A thatitisB tobeC thatithasbeenD tohavebeen ItissaidthatAidshavebeenthebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomenin A D 10 Thefluisbelieved byvirusesthatliketoproduceinthecellsinsidehumannoseandthroat A causingB beingcausedC tobecausedD tohavecaused11 Youmustmakeeveryefforttofindtheperson thecar A whodamagedB damagingC damagedD thatdamaging C A 1 不定式作主語不定式作主語時 可以直接放在謂語動詞之前Toseeistobelieve Nottogetthereintimeisyourfault Ittakesusanhour getthere It sourduty helpthepoor Itisanenjoymenttospendourholidayinthemountains 句型1 it 謂語 todo 句型2 it s n todo Itissillyofyounottotakemyadvice Itisverykindofyoutodomeafavor youareverykindtodomeafavor ItisnecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell Itiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforenine itis adj forsb todo 形容事物的性質(zhì) itis adj ofsb todo 形容人的品質(zhì) 句型3 itisadj for ofsb todo seewatchdohear sb sth doingfeeldonenoticeIsawtwoboysfightwitheachother Twoboyswereseentofightwitheachother 被動句還原to 感官動詞 dodohave make let sth sb doingdonetodoget leave sth sb doingdonekeepsb sthdoingdone 使役動詞 sb be todo seenwatchedlookedatheardlistenedtofeltnoticedmade let 被動句還原to Acookwillbefiredifheisfound inthekitchen A smokeB smokingC tosmokeMymothermakesmelearnEnglisheveryday IammadetolearnEnglisheveryday Ioftenhearhimsingthesong Heisoftenheardtosingthesong 高考真題演練 07北京 Excusemesir whereisRoom301 Justaminute I llhaveBob youtoyourroom A showB showsC toshowD showing 11湖南卷 TheabilityanideaisasimportantastheideaitselfA expressingB expressedC toexpressD tobeexpressed 2011湖南卷 21 TheabilityanideaisasimportantastheideaitselfA expressingB expressedC toexpressD tobeexpressed07江蘇 Myparentshavealwaysmademe aboutmyself evenwhenIwastwelve A feelingwellB feelinggoodC feelwellD feelgood 07浙江 ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle A tobeheardB tohaveheardC hearingD beingheard 08上海 Ifthereisalotofwork I mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished A todoB tobedoingC doneD doing 高考真題演練 1 Davidthreatened hisneighborstothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid 09上海 A tobereportedB reportingC toreportDhavingreported 2 Ifthereisalotofwork I mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished 08上海 A todoB tobedoingC doneD doing C A 3 Thelastone paysthemeal Agreed 07全國 A arrivedB arrivesC toarriveD arriving 4 Energydrinksarenotallowed inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand 06上海 tomakeB tobemadeC tohavebeenmadeD tobemaking C B 5 Theproblems atthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolve A discussedB todiscussC tobediscussedD discussing6 07上海春 thesafetyofgas thegovernmenthascheckedthecity sgassupplysystemthoroughly A ToensureB EnsuringC Havingensured D Tohaveensured 7 07上海春 Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsidering tothecitycenterforthefashionshow A togoB goingC tohavegoneD havinggone8 07上海 ThereisnothingmoreIcantry youtostay soIwishyougoodluck A beingpersuadedB persuadingC tobepersuadedD topersuade 不定式專項練習課后作業(yè)1 Youhadbettergetadoctor yourbadtooth A pulloutB topulloutC pulledoutD pullingout2 Ifthereisalotofwork I mhappytojustkeeponuntilitisfinished 上海卷 A todoB tobedoingC doneD doing3 07安徽 Robertisindeedawiseman Oh yes HowoftenIhaveregretted hisadvice A totakeB takingC nottotakeD nottaking 4 08江蘇 TolearnEnglishwell weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglishasmuchaswecan A speakB speakingC spokenD tospeak5 07全國I Thelastone paysthemeal Agreed A arrivedB arrivesC toarriveD arriving6 07全國I It salongtimesinceIsawmysister herthisweekend A WhynotvisitB whynottovisitC WhynotvisitingD Whydon tvisit 7 09江蘇 SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50 000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort termteachers almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear reduceunemploymentpressures A helpB tohavehelpedC tohelpD havinghelped8 09重慶 Withtheworldchangingfast wehavesomethingnewwithallbyourselveseveryday A dealB dealtC todealD dealing9 09湖南 Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit A reusingB reusedC reusesD tobereused 2 非謂語動詞作定語 1 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語1 意義現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動作 如果是單詞 放在被修飾詞 如果是短語 放在被修飾詞后 2 結(jié)構(gòu)主動式 V ing 被動式 beingdone 3 用法 1 前置定語e g Don twakeupthesleepingboy Heisapromisingyoungman Arollingstonegathersnomoss 2 后置定語e g Thebirdsinginginthetreeisverybeautiful 3 現(xiàn)在分詞修飾somebody nobody anybody everybody something anything everything nothing等不定代詞或指示代詞those時 要放在這些詞后面 e g Thepresidentsaidsomethingencouraginginhisspeech Thedriverisoneofthosedying 4 注意 1 后置定語相當于省略的定語從句 Thegirl whowas sittinginthecornerIadorable Thehouses whichwas beingbuiltforthesurvivorsinthequake Thegirlwhohavepassedtheexamismygf Thegirlhavingpassedtheexamismygf 完成式不能作定語 07全國II Atthebeginningofclass thenoiseofdesks couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom A openedandclosedB tobeopenedandclosedC beingopenedandclosedD toopenandclose 答案 C 考點 本題考查非謂語動詞作定語 解析 過去分詞作定語表完成 被動 不定式作定語表將來 現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示正在進行 本題題意 開始上課時 在教室外面就能聽到開關課桌的聲音 由句意可知表示開關課桌的動作正在進行 因此用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語 11全國卷 Thenextthinghesawwassmoke frombehindthehouse A roseB risingC toriseD risen 09浙江 Thereisagreatdealofevidence thatmusicactivitiesengagedifferentpartsofthebrain A indicateB indicatingC toindicateD tobeindicating 10浙江 Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourandlessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat A beingweighedB toweighC weighedD weighing 高考真題演練1 Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty Yes I veneverbeentoonebefore 06四川 A amoreexcitedB themostexcitedC amoreexcitingD themostexciting2 Theflowers sweetinthegardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature 2004上海 A tosmellB smellingC smeltD tobesmelt 3 08上海 Ideally forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue theNewYorkParkhotelisafavoritewithmanyguests A locatingB beinglocatedC havingbeenlocatedD located4 09上海 Billsuggested ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation A havingheldB toholdC holdingD hold 課后作業(yè)1 Wouldyoupleaseturnoffthe water A runB wasrunningC ranD running2 Hewalkeddownthehills softlytohimself A singB singsC singingD wassinging3 Theoldman abroadfortwentyyears isonthewaybacktohismotherland A toworkBworkingC TohaveworkedD havingworked 4 09江蘇 Distinguishedguestsandfriends welcometoourschool theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni 校友 fromhomeandabroad A AttendB ToattendC AttendingD Havingattended5 10北京 I mcallingtoenquireaboutthepositioninyesterday sChinaDaily A advertisedB tobeadvertisedC advertisingD havingadvertised 過去分詞 V ed1 作定語2 作表語3 作狀語 過去分詞 V ed1 過去分詞作定語單個過去分詞作定語 常放在被修飾詞的前面 過去分詞短語作定語 常放在被修飾詞的后面 spokenEnglish Englishwhichisspokenterrifiedpeople thepeoplewhoareterrified1 Englishisawidelyusedlanguage 2 Hethrewawaythebrokencup 3 Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s 4 Pricesofdailygoodsboughtthroughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices 及物動詞的過去分詞表示結(jié)束了的被動動作或者沒有一定的時間性 只表示被動關系 pollutedwater waterwhichispollutedreservedseats theseatswhichwerereservedtrappedanimal theanimalwhichwastrapped 不及物動詞的過去分詞不表被動 只表示動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前 含有動作完成 動作結(jié)束之含義 boiledwater waterwhichhasboiledfallenleaves theleaveswhichhavefallenrisensun thesunwhichhasrisen 09上海 Withthegovernment said those bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements A affectB affectingC affectedD wereaffected 08浙江 ItisoneofthefunniestthingsontheInternetsofarthisyear A findingB beingfoundC tofindD found 11湖南卷 Theplayersfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame AselectingBtoselectCselectedDhavingselected 課后練習1 Pricesofdailygoods throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices A areboughtB boughtC beenboughtD buying2 Withalotofdifferentproblems thenewly electedpresidentishavingahardtime A settledB settlingC tosettleD beingsettled 3 Don tusewords expressionsorphrases onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge A beingknownB havingbeenknownC tobeknownD known4 WhenIgotback Isawamessage tothedoor Sorrytomissyou willcalllater A pin readB pinning readingC pinned readingD pinned read 2 過去分詞作表語表示 感覺流露 的一些過去分詞 如 interested surprised excited frightened shocked 和一些過去分詞 如dressed drunk devoted lost known 常用作表語 表示狀態(tài) 其中有些僅表示狀態(tài) 毫無被動意味 Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay Theygotveryexcited HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime Well hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult He squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget bythehour A payB payingC paidD topay該題考查分詞作表語的用法 topaysb bythehour 計時給某人報酬 此題被動結(jié)構(gòu)作表語 類似的有 getburnt gethurt getwounded 10上海 thecitycenter wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight A ApproachingB ApproachedC ToapproachD Tobeapproached 10湖南 Dina formonthstofindajobasawaitress finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency A strugglingB struggledC havingstruggledD tostruggle 10安徽 Hehadawonderfulchildhood withhismothertoallcornersoftheworldA travelB totravelC traveledD traveling 11遼寧卷 aroundthefire thetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople A GatherB TogatherC GatheringD Tobegathering 2011湖南卷 29 Doyouwakeupeverymorningenergeticandreadytostartanewday A feelB tofeelC feelingD felt 2011陜西卷 20 MorehighwayshavebeenbuiltinChina itmucheasierforpeopletotravelformoneplacetoanother A makingB madeC tomakeD havingmade 2011浙江卷 3 Batsaresurprisinglylong livedcreatures somealifespanofaround20years A havingBhadC haveD tohave 高考真題演練 1 Afteraknockatthedoor thechildheardhismother svoice him 07上海卷 A callingB calledC beingcalledD tocall2 ThereisnothingmoreIcantry youtostay soIwishyougoodluck 07上海卷 A beingpersuadedB persuadingC tobepersuadedD topersuade 3 Mysister aninexperiencedrider wasfoundsittingonthebicycle B tobalanceit 上海卷 A havingtriedB tryingC totryD tried4 Somethingassimpleas B somecoldwatermayclearyourmindandrelivepressure 上海卷 A todrinkB drinkingC tobedrinkingD drunk5 Ideally D forBroadwaytheatreandFifthAvenue theNewYorkParkhotelisafavoritewithmanyguests 上海卷 A locatingB beinglocatedC havingbeenlocatedD located 6 08福建 inthequeueforhalfanhour theoldmansuddenlyrealizedhehadleftthechequeinthecar A WaitingB TowaitC HavingwaitedD Tohavewaited7 09上海 Asmallplanecrashedintoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity allfourpeopleonboard A killedB killingC killsD tokill8 09湖南 Attheageof29 Davewasaworker inasmallapartmentnearBostonand whattodoabouthisfuture A living wonderingB lived wonderingC lived wonderedD living wondered 課后作業(yè)1 Theroomsare soyoucan tmovein A paintedB paintingC beingpaintedD tobepainted2 Assoonasheenteredthecity he A waslosingB gotlosingC grewlostD gotlost3 Whathehasdoneisreally Nowhisparentsare him A disappointing disappointedatB disappointing disappointedaboutC disappointing disappointedwithD disappointed disappointingby 3 過去分詞作狀語1 基本結(jié)構(gòu) done2 特點 被動關系表示狀態(tài)或完成的事3 作狀語可以表示時間 原因 條件 讓步 方式或伴隨等 相當于一個相應的狀語從句 05上海 intouseinApril2000 thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns A PutB PuttingC HavingputD Beingput 09福建 nottomisstheflightat15 20 themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry A RemindingB RemindedC ToremindD Havingreminded 08遼寧 Pleaseremain thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon A seatingB seatedC toseatD tobeseated 答案 B 考點 考查非謂語動詞 解析 句意為 請在座位上坐著 很快就會宣布獲獎者 seat是及物動詞 remain beseated保持坐著的狀態(tài) 坐著 A inaredskirtintheopeningceremonyofthe2008OlympicGames thelittlegirlLinMiaokewontheheartsofthepeopleallovertheworld A DressedB WornC DressingD Wearing 穿戴 wear puton dresswear狀態(tài) 穿著 puton動作 穿上 dress動作 給 穿衣 dresssb 狀態(tài) sb bedressedin 坐 sit seatsb sit Isithere sb beseated Iamseatedhere sit beseated WhenIarrived Ifoundtheboy B A seatingB seatedC isseatingD sitsIfoundtheboywasseatedIfoundtheboywassitting 08福建 Canthoseatthebackoftheclassroomhearme Noproblem A seatB sitC seatedD sat 答案 C 考點 考查非謂語動詞 解析 atthebackoftheclassroom為分詞短語作定語 sit為不及物動詞 可用sitting 作定語 seat為及物動詞 常與反身代詞連用或用beseated形式 這里seat與those構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關系 故用其過去分詞作定語 TheTownHall inthe1800 swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime 07上海卷 A tobecompletedB havingbeencompletedC completedD beingcompleted 非謂語動詞綜合練習1 10上海 Thaiistheonlywaywecanimagine theoveruseofwaterinstudents bathrooms A reducingB toreduceC reducedD reduce2 It snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp A TohavehadB HavinghadC HaveD Having3 Ireallycan tunderstand herlikethat A youtreatB youtotreatC whytreatD youtreating 4 Hegotwell preparedforthejobinterview forhecouldn trisk thegoodopportunity A toloseB losingC tobelostD beinglost5 Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft themostrecent attheendoflastMarch 2007山東 A hasbeenlaunchedB havingbeenlaunchedC beinglaunchedD tobelaunched6 WithFather sDayaroundthecorner Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebankpresentsformydad 2010全國I A buyB tobuyC buyingD tohavebought 7 InApril thousandsofholidaymakersremainedabroadduetothevolcanicashcloud 2010福建 A stickingB stuckC tobestuckD tohavestuck8 Listen Doyouhearsomeoneforhelp 2010湖南 A callingB callC tocallD called9 atmyclassmates faces Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes 2010 北京卷 A LookingB LookC TolookD Looked10 I mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition inyesterday sChinaDaily 2010 北京卷 A advertisedB tobeadvertisedC advertisingD havingadvertised Thankyou