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1、完形填空完形填空 完形填空完形填空是各種英語(yǔ)考試的必考題是各種英語(yǔ)考試的必考題型之一，它涉及的知識(shí)面廣，綜合性型之一，它涉及的知識(shí)面廣，綜合性強(qiáng)，難度較大，是單項(xiàng)選擇和閱讀理強(qiáng)，難度較大，是單項(xiàng)選擇和閱讀理解的結(jié)合體。完形填空重在考查學(xué)生解的結(jié)合體。完形填空重在考查學(xué)生閱讀理解及語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，它包括對(duì)閱讀理解及語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，它包括對(duì)語(yǔ)法、句型、慣用語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用，對(duì)詞匯、語(yǔ)法、句型、慣用語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用，對(duì)詞匯、句子以及文章的理解。句子以及文章的理解。 文化習(xí)俗文化習(xí)俗 科普知識(shí)科普知識(shí) 著名人物著名人物 幽默故事幽默故事 日常生活日常生活 人生百味人生百味完形填空的題材、文體分類題材題材文體文體記敘記敘
2、議論議論 說(shuō)明說(shuō)明 重慶中考完形填空近三年試題展示重慶中考完形填空近三年試題展示年份年份話題話題體裁體裁分值分值詞數(shù)詞數(shù)2011鼓勵(lì)中老年人養(yǎng)鼓勵(lì)中老年人養(yǎng)成健康的生活方成健康的生活方式式記敘文記敘文20分分225詞詞2012中學(xué)生口語(yǔ)存在中學(xué)生口語(yǔ)存在的問(wèn)題并提出建的問(wèn)題并提出建議議說(shuō)明文說(shuō)明文20分分255詞詞2013A2013B學(xué)校生活變化學(xué)校生活變化微笑面對(duì)生活微笑面對(duì)生活記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文20分分20分分290詞詞240詞詞中考完形填空考點(diǎn)分析中考完形填空考點(diǎn)分析重慶市重慶市2011-2013年中考完形填空詞性分析年中考完形填空詞性分析2013A 2013B201220111動(dòng)
3、動(dòng) 詞詞4 2332名名 詞詞2 2213形容詞形容詞1 1114副副 詞詞0 1115代代 詞詞1 1116連連 詞詞1 1117介介 詞詞1 1118疑問(wèn)詞疑問(wèn)詞0 101 文意型文意型 詞義型詞義型 固定搭配固定搭配型型 語(yǔ)法型語(yǔ)法型完形填空題要求填入的詞的完形填空題要求填入的詞的類型類型語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞：連語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞：連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 具有語(yǔ)法變化的詞，如動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)；具有語(yǔ)法變化的詞，如動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)；名詞的數(shù)；代詞的格；形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)名詞的數(shù)；代詞的格；形容詞副詞的比較級(jí) 根據(jù)
4、上下文的意思及結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)境根據(jù)上下文的意思及結(jié)構(gòu)或語(yǔ)境同義詞和近義詞等易混詞的辨析同義詞和近義詞等易混詞的辨析固定搭配短語(yǔ)和詞組中的特定詞固定搭配短語(yǔ)和詞組中的特定詞 答案的選擇較多地受到短文大意的影響答案的選擇較多地受到短文大意的影響 必須在選擇答案之前通讀短文，抓住其關(guān)鍵必須在選擇答案之前通讀短文，抓住其關(guān)鍵 詞并透徹理解詞并透徹理解上下文上下文之間的聯(lián)系，然后借助之間的聯(lián)系，然后借助 語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境來(lái)選擇最佳答案。有的時(shí)候，這種題型來(lái)選擇最佳答案。有的時(shí)候，這種題型文文 意意 型型 還需要用相關(guān)的還需要用相關(guān)的常識(shí)常識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷。進(jìn)行推理判斷。 以考查語(yǔ)法為目的而設(shè)置的以考查語(yǔ)法為目的而設(shè)置的
5、 空白。解答這類題需要根據(jù)詞與空白。解答這類題需要根據(jù)詞與詞、句與句之間的關(guān)系來(lái)判斷各詞、句與句之間的關(guān)系來(lái)判斷各種種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)和和語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)的運(yùn)用，動(dòng)詞及其的運(yùn)用，動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)的搭配和用法等。一般地說(shuō)，短語(yǔ)的搭配和用法等。一般地說(shuō)，考查的語(yǔ)法以實(shí)詞為主，兼顧虛考查的語(yǔ)法以實(shí)詞為主，兼顧虛詞和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。詞和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 法法 型型 根根 據(jù)據(jù) 同同 義義 詞詞 或或 近近 義義 詞詞 的的 用用 法法區(qū)區(qū) 別別 而而 設(shè)設(shè) 置置 的的 題題 目目 ， 有有 時(shí)時(shí) 也也 借借 助助上上 下下 文文 意意 思思 及及 結(jié)結(jié) 構(gòu)構(gòu) 考考 查查 形形 容容 詞詞 、 詞詞 義義 型型 根根 據(jù)據(jù) 詞詞
6、 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 的的 習(xí)習(xí) 慣慣 用用 法法 、固固 定定 句句 型型 的的 搭搭 配配 以以 及及 英英 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 特特 有有 的的習(xí)習(xí) 慣慣 作作 出出 判判 斷斷 的的 題題 目目 。 固固 定定 搭搭 配配 型型 針對(duì)以上考點(diǎn)及題型的解題策略 盡管看起來(lái)形式上有殘缺（若干個(gè)空），但它的但它的內(nèi)容、語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，內(nèi)容、語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣，句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)，句子與段落句與句之間的銜接點(diǎn)，句子與段落之間的聯(lián)系，段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)之間的聯(lián)系，段落與段落之間的邏輯順序仍或隱或現(xiàn)地存在于篇章之中地存在于篇章之中。因此，在做完形填空題時(shí)，通讀通讀全文、明了大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次全文、明了大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分
7、清層次是十分重要的一步。我們必須自始至終依托語(yǔ)境依托語(yǔ)境，注意上下文之間、注意上下文之間、詞與詞之間，從語(yǔ)法到意義的合理搭配詞與詞之間，從語(yǔ)法到意義的合理搭配。尤其要注意尤其要注意短文中承上啟下的過(guò)渡詞等，如短文中承上啟下的過(guò)渡詞等，如 and 、so、but、however、then、also 等等。原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示原則上講完形填空的每一道題都有暗示, , 有的在本句中，有的在前，有的在本句中，有的在前，有的在后有的在后, ,有的暗含于語(yǔ)篇中。有的暗含于語(yǔ)篇中。具體解題步驟1 1、抓住首尾句，了解短文、抓住首尾句，了解短文2 2、通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò)、通讀全文，把握脈絡(luò)3 3
8、、瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)推敲、瞻前顧后，仔細(xì)推敲4 4、再讀文章，核查答案、再讀文章，核查答案勾劃、研讀勾劃、研讀首句尾句首句尾句以及有以及有中文注釋中文注釋的單詞的單詞打開(kāi)答題窗口，窺探全文。打開(kāi)答題窗口，窺探全文。跳過(guò)空格，跳過(guò)空格，速讀全文速讀全文，把握大意。注，把握大意。注意文中的語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，和句中的連詞意文中的語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，和句中的連詞, ,捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯。捕捉關(guān)鍵詞匯。前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運(yùn)用解題策略前后聯(lián)系，先易后難。運(yùn)用解題策略從句子、段落、語(yǔ)篇層面解題，劃出從句子、段落、語(yǔ)篇層面解題，劃出語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞、定位詞語(yǔ)篇標(biāo)志，找準(zhǔn)關(guān)鍵詞、定位詞。代入答案，再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查代入答案，再讀全文
9、，反復(fù)檢查 爭(zhēng)爭(zhēng)取做到：取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確結(jié)構(gòu)正確+ +語(yǔ)義通順語(yǔ)義通順+ +邏輯合邏輯合理理。少于少于1分鐘分鐘約約10分鐘分鐘約約2分鐘分鐘約約2分鐘分鐘注意：要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用注意：要充分利用首句的標(biāo)示作用 第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，第一句往往是全篇的關(guān)鍵句，首句一般不設(shè)空，它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并它有概括和預(yù)示全文大意的作用，是判斷文章體裁并預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文預(yù)測(cè)全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解題和理解文章的有用信息。（章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,howwhen,where,who,wha
10、t,how) )注意：要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用注意：要注意尾句的提示和總結(jié)作用1.故事的結(jié)局故事的結(jié)局2.問(wèn)題的結(jié)論問(wèn)題的結(jié)論3.幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾幽默或富有哲理的結(jié)尾第一步：抓住首尾句第一步：抓住首尾句第二步：通讀全文、掌握大意 通過(guò)跳過(guò)空格，通覽全文，明白明白大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次。大意、理清觀點(diǎn)、分清層次。第三步：仔細(xì)推敲，初定答案 本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文本著先易后難的原則，先根據(jù)上下文和自己的語(yǔ)感，推測(cè)空格的可能答案，和自己的語(yǔ)感，推測(cè)空格的可能答案，遇遇到難以理解的句子或者對(duì)某一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有把握到難以理解的句子或者對(duì)某一項(xiàng)沒(méi)有把握時(shí)，可采用排除、篩選等方法。時(shí)，可采用排除、
11、篩選等方法。（1）根據(jù)上下文確定答案）根據(jù)上下文確定答案（2）根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法或搭配確定答案）根據(jù)習(xí)慣用法或搭配確定答案（3）運(yùn)用邏輯推理判定答案）運(yùn)用邏輯推理判定答案（4）根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)用法確定答案）根據(jù)詞語(yǔ)用法確定答案文意型文意型語(yǔ)法型語(yǔ)法型詞義型詞義型固定搭配型固定搭配型 There were so many people on the bus that there were 1 empty seats. When a young man got on, an old man near him wanted to 2 , but the young man pushed him back to h
12、is seat. “Thank you,” he said, “but please dont do that, I can stand.” 1. A. many B. some C. enough D. no 2. A. sit down B. get on C. set out D. stand up （ ）文意型文意型文意型文意型 Its Sunday. Some students are going 1 a trip with their teacher. 2 their way they saw a bus behind them1. A. to B. for C. on D. at
13、 2. A. On B. By C. At D. To ）固定搭配型固定搭配型固定搭配型固定搭配型 1. A. wore B. had on C. dressed D. put on ） A little cock（公雞） lived near the river. One morning the little cock 1 his beautiful clothes and went for a walk by the river. On his way he met a little duck. 詞義型詞義型 Im writing to you because its too diffic
14、ult to talk about it. I cant stop thinking about my uncle and how he _. A. dies B. death C. died D. dying語(yǔ)法型語(yǔ)法型第四步：第四步： 再讀全文，核實(shí)答案再讀全文，核實(shí)答案 將所有答案代入空格后，重新將短文復(fù)讀一遍，爭(zhēng)取做到：爭(zhēng)取做到：結(jié)構(gòu)正確結(jié)構(gòu)正確+ +語(yǔ)義通順語(yǔ)義通順+ +邏輯合理邏輯合理。 Step 1 Reading through the passage quickly Try to get the general idea of the passage , pay specia
15、l attention to the first sentenceor the last one , maybe it showsthe main idea of the passage . 實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練 When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he 36 a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the 37 of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“5
16、00 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too 38 and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great 39 ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wanted a lowe
17、r price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.Step 2 Choosing the best choice for each blank whi
18、le reading the passage When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he 36 a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the 37 of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too 38 and asked again,“Can you make it c
19、heaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great 39 ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43
20、until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )36. A.stole B.picked C.drew D.saw When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drewa picture of a tiger and tried
21、to sell it on the street.It caught the 37 of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too 38 and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great 39 ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,s
22、ir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he
23、is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )37.A.attention B.instruction C.decision D.discussion When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?
24、”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too 38 and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great 39 ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wa
25、nted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )38. A.terrible B.big C.old D.dear Wh
26、en Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He ans
27、wered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great 39 ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my custo
28、mers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )39.A.fear B.difficulty C.surprise D. excitement When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried
29、 to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are
30、you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it 40 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But you wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 h
31、is dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )40. A.over B.for C.about D.among When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He
32、said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the 41 .But y
33、ou wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )41 .A.size B.price C.weight D.p
34、osition When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheap
35、er?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the price .But you wanted a lower price.It means 42 didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on worki
36、ng 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )42. A.we B.he C.you D.it When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to
37、 sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you
38、 angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the price .But you wanted a lower price.It means you didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working 43 until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45
39、 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )43. A.faster and faster B.better and better C.slower and slower D.harder and harde When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention
40、of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500
41、dollars because I thought it was worth the price .But you wanted a lower price.It means you didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working harder and harder until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, 44 Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known
42、all over the world as a great artist.( )44. A.though B.because C.whether D.until When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an American,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The
43、 foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500 dollars because I thought it was worth the price .But you wanted a lower p
44、rice.It means you didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working harder and harder until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, though Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never 45 his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.( )45.A.broke off B.cut up C.gave
45、 up D.sent offStep 3 Checking up Put the words which you have chosen in the blanks and read thepassage again to make sure thereare no mistakes . When Liu Kaiqu was young he was poor in Shanghai.One day he drew a picture of a tiger and tried to sell it on the street.It caught the attention of an Amer
46、ican,who asked,“How much does it cost?”He said,“500 dollars.”The foreigner thought it was too dear and asked again,“Can you make it cheaper?”He answered,“No,”Then he tore(撕撕)it to pieces.In great surprise ,the foreigner said,“Young man,are you angry?”“No,sir.Im not angry.I sold it for 500 dollars be
47、cause I thought it was worth the price .But you wanted a lower price.It means you didnt think so and it is not good enough.Ill go on working harder and harder until my customers(顧客顧客)are satisfied.”At that time, though Liu Kaiqu was not famous at all,he never gave up his dream.Now he is well-known all over the world as a great artist.做完形填空選擇題時(shí)應(yīng)注意如下幾點(diǎn) 1注重首、尾句首、尾句。 2克服畏難情緒和急躁心理,通讀帶有空缺短通讀帶有空缺短文文。 3切勿一看到一個(gè)空格就急著選出一個(gè)答案切勿一看到一個(gè)空格就急著選出一個(gè)答案，必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮必須縱觀全文、通篇考慮。 4如果選項(xiàng)從語(yǔ)法角度判斷則無(wú)法確定，還必須從語(yǔ)篇語(yǔ)篇( (前提示、后暗示前提示、后暗示) )意義上加以鑒別。 5動(dòng)筆時(shí)先易后難先易后難, ,注意從文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類類似結(jié)構(gòu)似結(jié)構(gòu)中尋找提示，大膽地作出猜測(cè)。
中考英語(yǔ) 完型填空復(fù)習(xí)課件
