2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 語(yǔ)法 專項(xiàng)突破（10）定語(yǔ)從句（含解析）牛津譯林版.doc

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定語(yǔ)從句 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1、That’s the new machine__________parts are too small to be seen. 2、I refuse to accept the blame for something__________was someone else’s fault. 3、It’s helpful to put children in a situation__________they can see themselves differently. 4、I admire my English teacher. I can remember very few occasions__________she stopped working because of ill health. 5、In most cases, college graduates dont mind what job they will do so long as it is one__________they can earn money to support themselves. 6、Finally he reached a lonely island__________was pletely cut off from the outside world. 7、The dishes__________I cooked were Moms favorite. 8、He wrote a letter__________he explains what had happened in the accident. 9、Simon is a edian and actor__________has 10 years experience of teaching edy. 10、The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere__________his employees enjoy their work. 11、Students should involve themselves in munity activities__________they can gain experience for growth. 12、We have launched another man-made satellite,__________is announced in today’s newspaper. 13、For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________ _________ New York is an example. 14、He is now reading a book about a scientist,__________he dreams to be. 15、We will put off the picnic in the park until next week,__________the weather may be better. 單句改錯(cuò) 1、I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, it drove off quickly. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 2、First,we went to Zhili Governor Office,where is a very famous tourist spot in China. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 3、Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution,what is bad for living things in the world. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 4、In life people make many decisions,some of what are so important that they affect us greatly. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 5、It can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now. _____________________________________________________________________ 6、I stay in a dormitory with three other girls,all of them are kind and nice. _____________________________________________________________________ 7、Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence,which he wanted to make an exploration. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 8、Can you tell me the way in which you have e up with? _____________________________________________________________________ 9、Is this the reason why he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 10、Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail. _____________________________________________________________________ 11、We should take an active attitude to our studies, andtry to get a mark what is true as well as good. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 12、The idea has quickly spread to Europe which special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 13、That was the reason how he was late for school. _____________________________________________________________________ 14、I enjoyed my stay in the library when I could read various booksI was interested in. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 15、The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ 答案以及解析 單句語(yǔ)法填空 1答案及解析： 答案：whose 解析：machine為先行詞,從句的主語(yǔ)parts前缺少作定語(yǔ)的引導(dǎo)詞,只能填入whose。 2答案及解析： 答案：that 解析：句意:我拒絕接受因?yàn)閯e人的錯(cuò)誤而遭受的責(zé)備。由句意可知,題干中的先行詞為something。 當(dāng)先行詞為something, nothing,anything 等不定代詞時(shí),定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。 3答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:讓孩子置身于一個(gè)能夠從不同的角度審視自己的環(huán)境中是有好處的。所填詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作狀語(yǔ),先行詞表示地點(diǎn),故用where。 4答案及解析： 答案：when 解析：句意:我很欽佩我的英語(yǔ)老師,我記得她很少有因?yàn)樯《Ｖ构ぷ鞯臅r(shí)候。考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子成分可知,occasions為先行詞,關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),故填when。 5答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:在大多數(shù)情況下,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生不在乎他們將做什么工作,只要是一個(gè)能掙錢養(yǎng)活自己的工作就行?！皌hey can eammoney to support themselves”為定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為one,即a job。將先行詞代入定語(yǔ)從句后為they can earn money to support themselves in the job,由此可見關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用where。 6答案及解析： 答案：which/that 解析：句意:他最后到了一座完全與外面世界隔絕的孤島上。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句修飾的先行詞是island,將先行詞代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:The island was pletely cut off from the outside world.由此可見先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),且先行詞表“物”,故用that或which。 7答案及解析： 答案：which/that/不填 解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ),指物,用關(guān)系詞which/that,也可不填。 8答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他寫了一封信,在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生了什么。先行詞為a letter,定語(yǔ)從句中的主謂賓成分齊全,缺少的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),所以用關(guān)系副詞where。 9答案及解析： 答案：who/that 解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞。先行詞是a edian and actor,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),所以用who或者that。 10答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:這家公司的老板正在努力營(yíng)造一種輕松的氛圍,在這種氛圍中他的員工們?nèi)枷硎芄ぷ鞯目鞓?。根?jù)句意,此處考査的是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為atmosphere,為抽象地點(diǎn)名詞,定語(yǔ)從句缺少狀語(yǔ),故應(yīng)該用表示地點(diǎn)的關(guān)系副詞where來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 11答案及解析： 答案：where 解析：句意:應(yīng)該讓學(xué)生參與社團(tuán)活動(dòng),在活動(dòng)中他們能夠獲得成長(zhǎng)所需要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,從空格處一直到句尾為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞activities,并且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞where。 12答案及解析： 答案： which 解析：句意:我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星,這件事是在今天的報(bào)紙上宣布的。本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞指代前面整句話,并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ),且表示“事物”,故用which引導(dǎo)。 13答案及解析： 答案：of/among which 解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞+which。句意:對(duì)于世界上許多城市來說,沒有進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展的空間,紐約就是其中的一個(gè)例子。there is no room to spread out further, 是插入語(yǔ)。本句中的先行詞是many cities,在定語(yǔ)從句中作of/among的賓語(yǔ),即New York is an example of/among the cities, the cities是先行詞,指物。所以是of/among which。故本題填 (1). of/among (2). which 14答案及解析： 答案：which 解析：考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意:他現(xiàn)在正在讀一本關(guān)于科學(xué)家的書,他夢(mèng)想成為書中的那個(gè)樣子。分析句子可知,本句中的定語(yǔ)從句修飾前面的一整個(gè)句子He is now reading a book about a scientist,指代整個(gè)句子的只能是which,在定語(yǔ)從句中作be的表語(yǔ),故填which。 15答案及解析： 答案：when 解析：句意為：我們將在公園的野餐推遲到下周，那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)好些。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定于從句，且在從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故填when 單句改錯(cuò) 1答案及解析： 答案：I was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car, drove off quickly. 解析：句意:我正在一個(gè)十字路口等綠燈,這時(shí)一個(gè)大約十歲的小女孩被一輛經(jīng)過的汽車撞倒了,這輛車快速逃逸了. it不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo). 2答案及解析： 答案：First,we went to Zhili Governor Office, is a very famous tourist spot in China. 解析：句意:首先.我們前往直隸總督府,這在中國(guó)是一個(gè)非常著名的旅游景點(diǎn). 先行同為Zhili Governor且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ).故應(yīng)將where改為which注意關(guān)系代詞that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。 3答案及解析： 答案：Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution, is bad for living things in the world. 解析：句意:空氣污染是最嚴(yán)重的污染,對(duì)世界上所有生物都有害。先行詞為air pollution.關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.且在從句中作主語(yǔ):what不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 4答案及解析： 答案：In life people make many decisions,some of are so important that they affect us greatly. 解析：句意:人們?cè)谏钪凶龊芏鄾Q定,其中一些決定是如此重要以至于對(duì)我們?cè)斐删薮蟮挠绊?介詞+ which引導(dǎo)作限制性定語(yǔ)從句,補(bǔ)充說明先行詞decisions. 5答案及解析： 答案：can be seen,more and more people own mobile phones in China now. 解析：句意:正如所見,現(xiàn)在在中國(guó),越來越多的人擁有手機(jī). 關(guān)系代詞as引導(dǎo)作限制性定語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作主語(yǔ),代替主句內(nèi)容。 6答案及解析： 答案：I stay in a dormitory with three other girls, all of / are kind and nice. 解析：句意:我和其他三個(gè)女孩住在一個(gè)宿舍里,她們都善良而友好,逗號(hào)前后均為句子,應(yīng)由連詞連接,故在all前加and;也可以將逗號(hào)后的成分看成定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為girls, 指人.故需將them改為whom. 7答案及解析： 答案：Cartier first reached the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, he wanted to make an exploration. 解析：句意:Cartier首先抵達(dá)了圣勞倫斯灣,他想在那里進(jìn)行探索.先行詞 the Gulf of the St. Lawrence指地點(diǎn).且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故關(guān)系代詞which 應(yīng)改為關(guān)系副詞where。 8答案及解析： 答案：Can you tell me the way in which you have e up with? 解析：因?yàn)橄刃性~the way在從句中作賓語(yǔ),故用that或which來引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句。 9答案及解析： 答案：Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? 解析：因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ),故用which或that來引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 10答案及解析： 答案：Students fail to meet the requirements of the course will fail. 解析： 11答案及解析： 答案：We should take an active attitude to our studies, andtry to get a mark is true as well as good. 解析：句意:我們應(yīng)該用積極的態(tài)度對(duì)待我們的學(xué)習(xí), 努力獲得真實(shí)而又優(yōu)異的成績(jī). 此處應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞mark,且關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),what不用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 12答案及解析： 答案：The idea has quickly spread to Europe which/ special courses are now offered to children who are from 7 to 24 months old. 解析：句意:這個(gè)理念迅速傳播到歐洲,如今這些特殊的課程在歐洲被提供給7至24個(gè)月大的嬰幼兒. 先行詞為Europe,是一個(gè)地點(diǎn),且從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故用關(guān)系副詞 where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,where相與于in which. 13答案及解析： 答案：That was the reason he was late for school. 解析：句意:那就是他上學(xué)遲到的原因. the reason作先行詞, 位用關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.why相當(dāng)于for which. 14答案及解析： 答案：I enjoyed my stay in the library I could read various booksI was interested in. 解析：句意:我喜歡在圖書館逗留, 在那里我可以閱讀各種各樣感興趣的書.先行詞library為地點(diǎn)名詞,故用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ). 15答案及解析： 答案：The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family could help her. 解析：句意:這個(gè)女人說,她的丈夫幾個(gè)月前去世了, 家里沒有人能夠幫助她從句中缺少關(guān)系代詞.who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句, 修飾先行詞anyone else.