2019版高考英語一輪基礎習選題 Unit 1 A land of diversity（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 1 A land of diversity 一、閱讀理解。 “Her grades are fine；Im not worried about that，but she just doesnt seem to love learning any more，” Alices mum said. Shes absolutely right.Id noticed the same thing about her daughter over the previous two or three years when Id been Alices middle school English，Latin，and writing teacher，and I have an answer，right there on the tip of my tongue，to what has gone wrong.Yet Im torn between my responsibility to help Alice and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth Im not sure this mother is ready to hear. The truth for this parent and so many others is this：Her child has sacrificed her natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar(圣壇)of achievement，and its our fault.Alices parents，her teachers，society at large—we are all supposed to be blamed in this crime against learning.From her first day of school，we pointed her toward that altar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points，scores，and awards.We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力)，and that her intellect is more important than her character.We taught her to e home proudly bearing grade As，championship prizes，and college acceptance，and not on purpose，we taught her that we dont really care how she obtains them.We taught her to protect her academic and extracurricular perfection at all costs and that its better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record.Above all else，we taught her to fear failure.That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning. 1．Both the mother and the author have noticed that ________. A．Alice hates to tell them the truth B．Alices test scores are not so good C．Alice chooses several subjects to learn D．Alice doesnt enjoy studying any more 2．What does the underlined word“torn”mean in the passage? A．pained to choose　　　B．guilty to quit C．tired to manage D．certain to decide 3．What does the teacher think of the girl? A．Her academic perfection results from her character. B．She is a gifted girl with spirits of challenging. C．She is perfect in her character development. D．Her academic performance is great. 4．What leads to the girls change? A．A few failure experiences. B．Fear of failing to get good grades. C．Her mothers overprotection. D．Her not being accepted by colleges. 【解題導語】本文通過Alice的例子說明了父母、老師和社會有時會扼殺孩子的好奇心和對學習的熱愛。 【難句分析】We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力)，and that her intellect is more important than her character. 分析：這是一個復合句，含有兩個that引導的賓語從句。We是主語，taught是謂語，兩個that在從句中均不充當成分。 譯文：我們教給Alice的是她的潛力和她的智力是聯系在一起的，并且她的智力比她的性格更重要。 1．D　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第一段中的“but she just doesnt seem to love learning any more”和第二段中的“Id noticed the same thing about her daughter”可知，Alice的媽媽和作者都注意到Alice不再喜歡學習。A項和C項文中沒有提到；根據第一段中的“Her grades are fine”可知，B項錯誤。 2．A　考查詞義猜測。根據畫線詞后的“between my responsibility...and the knowledge that what I have to say is a truth”可知，作者在兩者之間很難選擇。 3．D　考查細節(jié)理解。 根據第三段中的“We taught her to protect her academic and extracurricular perfection at all costs”可知，Alice的學業(yè)表現很好。根據第三段的“We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect(智力)，and that her intellect is more important than her character”可知A項錯誤；根據第三段倒數第三句中的“that its better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record”可知B項錯誤；根據第三段的倒數第二句“Above all else，we taught her to fear failure”可知C項錯誤。 4．B　考查細節(jié)理解。根據第三段中的“We taught her to protect...That fear is what has destroyed her love of learning”可知，害怕失敗毀掉了Alice對學習的熱愛。 二、單句語法填空 1．They are likely ________ (fire) by the pany just because of their fault. 答案：to be fired　Sb. be likely to do sth. “某人可能做某事”。主語they與fire之間為被動關系，故應填不定式的被動形式。 2．The majority of the interviewees ________ (prefer) watching TV at home to going to the cinema. 答案：prefer　the majority of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞的數與of后的名詞保持一致。由interviewees可知謂語動詞應用復數形式。 3．It suddenly occurred ________ him that he should adopt the homeless child. 答案：to　It (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that ... “某人突然想起某事”。 4．Whoever breaks the school rules will surely receive ________ (punish)． 答案：punishment　句中動詞receive后缺賓語，故應填名詞punishment作賓語。 5．We should not have ________ (race) discrimination. 答案：racial　句中缺少一形容詞來修飾名詞discrimination, 故填racial “種族的”。 6．She became the first black woman ________ (elect) to the Senate. 答案：to be elected　當名詞或代詞前有序數詞或最高級修飾時，則常用動詞不定式來充當其后置定語，且elect與black woman之間為被動關系，故填to be elected。 7．He couldnt express himself correctly ________ means of words. 答案：by　by means of ... “借助于；用……；通過……方法”。 8．She ________ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake. 答案：slipped　句意：她趁別人還沒醒，溜出了房子。分析句子結構可知該空為句子的謂語動詞，由從句中動詞時態(tài)were可知，應用一般過去時。 9．________ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current driving license. 答案：To hire　句意：若想租車，你需要出示護照及當前駕照。此處用動詞不定式作目的狀語。 10．By the time she knew the news, John ________ (fly) to America. 答案：had flown　由By the time引導的從句的時態(tài)為一般過去時可知，主句應用過去完成時，故應填had flown。 三、完形填空。 Brian Tagalog was born without arms. But that didnt __1__ him from leading a normal life. The __2__ young man believes he is the only certified tattoo(文身) artist without arms in the world. A __3__ of Honolulu, Tagalog moved with his family to Tucson. He had always shown an interest in drawing, and set his mind on being a __4__ tattoo artist. Not many people gave him a chance, but he __5__ improved his foot drawing skills and operated the tattoo gun with his __6__. Brians mother admits that __7__ him was not easy, but she always made it a(n) __8__ to let him explore his options. “The day I gave birth to him, well, I was shocked, but we never hid him. I didnt __9__ him in any way.” And perhaps thats what gave him the __10__ to achieve his dreams, __11__ the very obvious absence of two limbs. “I was born without arms，” he said. “But that has not __12__ me down to pursue my dream.” At first, finding a shop that would __13__ him proved a very difficult thing. He __14__ many tattoo shops and got no calls back. He didnt give up; __15__， Brian finally runs his own shop. Brian uses a (n) __16__ technique to tattoo—he draws the design on clients skin with one foot, __17__ using the other to stretch the skin. And eventually his tattoos always turn out to get his clients __18__. Brian hopes his success will __19__ others to follow their dreams bravely. Words and photos just dont do Brian Tagalog justice. You need to see him __20__ to witness how he works only with his feet. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇記敘文，講述了生來沒有胳膊的Brian Tagalog通過自己的不懈努力最終成為一名成功的文身藝術家的故事。 1．A.promote B．preserve C．protect D．prevent 答案與解析：D但是那沒有阻止他過正常的生活。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。 2．A.wise B．ambitious C．promising D．handsome 答案與解析：B這個有抱負的年輕人相信他是這個世界上唯一一個有資格證的無臂文身藝術家。wise“睿智的”；ambitious“有雄心的，有抱負的”；promising“有前途的”；handsome“英俊的”。 3．A.visitor B．foreigner C．stranger D．native 答案與解析：D根據后文的“moved with his family to Tucson”可知，此處指Tagalog是一個火奴魯魯的當地人。foreigner“外國人”；stranger“陌生人”；native“當地人，本地人”。 4．A.professional B．normal C．temporary D．conservative 答案與解析：A他總是表現出在繪畫方面的興趣，并且下決心成為一名專業(yè)的文身藝術家。professional“專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的”；normal“正常的”；temporary“暫時的”；conservative“保守的”。 5．A.steadily B．occasionally C．effectively D．frequently 答案與解析：A　并不是很多人給他機會，但是他不斷地磨煉自己的腳部繪畫技巧并且用自己的腳趾操作文身槍。steadily“持續(xù)地，不斷地”；occasionally“偶爾，偶然”；effectively“高效地”；frequently“經常地，頻繁地”。 6．A.fingers B．toes C．mouth D．jaw 答案與解析：B參見上題解析。 7．A.forting B．educating C．raising D．acpanying 答案與解析：CBrian的母親承認撫養(yǎng)他長大不是一件容易的事兒。fort “安慰”；educate“教育”；raise“養(yǎng)育，撫養(yǎng)”；acpany“陪伴”。 8．A.failure B．point C．adventure D．destination 答案與解析：B但她總是特別注意讓他探究自己的選擇。make it a point to“對……特別注意，努力做到”，是固定短語，符合語境。failure“失敗”；adventure“冒險”；destination“目的地”。 9．A.defend B．blame C．abandon D．shelter 答案與解析：D根據上文的“but we never hid him”可知，此處應是指Brian的母親不以任何形式庇護他。defend“保護”；blame“責備”；abandon“遺棄”；shelter“庇護，遮蔽”。 10．A.confidence B．determination C．freedom D．enthusiasm 答案與解析：A根據上下文語境，此處應是表示盡管他沒有胳膊，但是Brian的家人所采取的更為積極的讓Brian成長的方式或許正是給予他實現夢想的自信心的東西。confidence“自信心”；determination“決心”；freedom“自由”；enthusiasm“熱情”。 11．A.apart from B．in C．regardless of D．despite 答案與解析：D參見上題解析。apart from“除了”；regardless of“不管，不顧”；despite“盡管”。 12．A.turned B．calmed C．slowed D．tracked 答案與解析：C他說：“我生來沒有胳膊，但是那并沒有讓我放慢追求自己夢想的速度?！眛urn sb. down“拒絕某人”；calm sb.down“使某人鎮(zhèn)靜下來”；slow sb. down“使某人慢下來”；track sb. down“追查到，追蹤到”。 13．A.hire B．support C．serve D．fund 答案與解析：A根據下文中的“...got no calls back”“He didnt give up；15，Brian finally runs his own shop.”可知，此處應是指起初，找到一個愿意雇用他的店鋪被證實是一件非常困難的事情。hire“雇用”；support“支持”；serve“為……服務”；fund“資助”。 14．A.adapted to B．appealed to C．attached to D．applied to 答案與解析：D根據上下文的內容可知，此處表示他應聘了好多家店。但是沒有得到回信。apply to“向……申請”符合語境。adapt to“適應”；appeal to“對……有吸引力”；attach to“與……有聯系，與……有關聯”。 15．A.otherwise B．instead C．still D．however 答案與解析：B他沒有放棄，反而(instead)最后開了自己的店。other wise“否則”；instead“反而”；still “仍然”；however“然而”。 16．A.unique B．funny C．powerful D．attractive 答案與解析：A根據下文的內容可知，此處指Brian使用了一種獨特的文身技巧。unique“獨特的”；funny“有趣的”；powerful“強有力的”；attractive“吸引人的”。 17．A.before B．if C．while D．unless 答案與解析：C當他用另一只腳將皮膚抻平時，他用一只腳在顧客的皮膚上繪制圖案。while“當……時”符合語境。before“在……之前”；if“如果”；unless“除非”。 18．A.instruction B．admiration C．doubt D．plaint 答案與解析：B而且最后他的文身總是會得到顧客的贊賞。instruction“指導”；admiration“贊賞”；doubt“懷疑”；plaint“投訴”。 19．A.inspire B．urge C．request D．advise 答案與解析：ABrian希望他的成功能激勵他人勇敢地追求夢想。inspire sb. to do sth.“激勵某人去做某事”。urge“敦促”；request“要求”；advise“建議”。 20．A.in response B．in advance C．in action D．in turn 答案與解析：C根據語境可知，此處表示你需要見證在工作狀態(tài)中的Brian。in action“在活動中，在運轉”，在此引申為“處于工作狀態(tài)中”。in response“作為回應”；in advance“提前”；in turn“反過來”。 四、單句改錯 1．This is believed that hard work can lead to success. ______________________________________________________ 答案：This→It 　It is believed that ... “人們相信……”，其中it為形式主語。 2．An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park. ______________________________________________________ 答案：occurred后加to　sth. occurs/occurred to sb. “某人突然想起某事”。 3．A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉第一個of　a great/good many直接修飾可數名詞復數，只有當名詞前有限定詞the/these/those/ones等時，才用a great/good many of短語。 4．We regret to inform you that our pany has hired on another girl for the job of secretary. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉on　hire “雇用；租用”，為及物動詞，后面不需加介詞。 5．They will carry out the plan in this means. ______________________________________________________ 答案：in→by　by this means “用這種方法”。 五、七選五 In our fast world of phones，fax machines and puters，the oldfashioned art of letter writing is at risk of disappearing altogether. 1 There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents. Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.It probably began with the little notes I would write to my mother.My mother，also，always insisted I write my own thankyou letters for Christmas and birthday presents. 2 When I left home at 18 to train as a doctor in London，I would write once a week，and so would my mother.Occasionally my father would write and it was always a joy to receive his long，amusing letters. 3 Of course，we also made phone calls but it is the letters that I remember most. There were also letters from my boyfriends.In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4 I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking. I love the letters that e with birthday or Christmas cards.Notes are appreciated，but how much better to have a years supply of news！And its better still when its an airmail envelope with beautiful stamps. 5 Like my mother before me，I insist they write their own thankyou letters.My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.I strongly urge readers not to allow letter writing to bee another“l(fā)ost art”． A．Poor handwriting can spoil(破壞)your enjoyment of a letter. B．We had been corresponding(通信)for 29 years but had never met. C．I am pleased that my children are carrying on the tradition. D．It didnt matter how short or untidy they were as long as they were letters. E．But instead of harming the relationships，letter writing seemed to improve them. F．Yet，to me，receiving a letter cannot be matched by any other form of munication. G．The letters from home contained just everyday events concerning my parents and their friends. 【語篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了作者對書信這種溝通方式的青睞和對書信藝術逐漸消失的擔憂。 1．F　[根據下句“There is the excitement of its arrival，the pleasure of seeing who it is from and，finally，the enjoyment of the contents.”可推知，收到信對作者來講是一件無比愉悅的事情，所以選F項。] 2．D　[根據本段第一句“Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as I can remember.”可知，書信是作者生活中不可或缺的一部分，對她來說，只要是信就好，無論多短或多不整潔，所以選D項。] 3．G　[根據上文可知，作者和父母通信，由此可推知，這些信都是關于父母的一些生活瑣事以及他們的朋友的狀況的，所以選G項。] 4．E　[根據下句“I found that I could often express myself more easily in writing than by talking.”可推知，此處應描述書信溝通的優(yōu)勢，與上文的“In my youth I seemed to attract people who had to work or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter.”呼應，所以選E項。] 5．C　[根據下文的“My daughter writes to me little letters，just as I did to my mother.”可知，作者自己的孩子也像作者一樣繼承了寫信的傳統(tǒng)，所以選C項。]